The DOI matches its Crossref record; 41 of the 42 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Systemic lupus erythematosus in a multiethnic cohort (LUMINA): XXVIII. Factors predictive of thrombotic events
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between the presence of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies, hydroxychloroquine use and the occurrence of thrombotic events in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). METHODS: Four hundred and forty-two SLE patients from the LUMINA (Lupus in Minorities: Nature vs Nurture) cohort, a multiethnic (Hispanics from Texas, n = 99 and Puerto Rico, n = 36; African Americans, n = 172; and Caucasians, n = 135) cohort, were studied by generalized estimating equation (GEE) to determine the relationship between antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies (measured as IgG and IgM aPL antibodies and/or the lupus anticoagulant) at enrolment or historically prior to enrolment, hydroxychloroquine use (ever) and the occurrence of thrombotic (central and/or peripheral, arterial and/or venous) events after adjusting for known and possible confounders [socioeconomic-demographic features, smoking, disease activity and damage, serum cholesterol levels, anti-oxidized low-density lipoprotein IgG and IgM antibodies, and high-sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein]. Postanalysis correlation between aPL and anticardiolipin (aCL) assays was attempted by performing aCL assays on random samples of patients whose aPL status was known. RESULTS: A number of clinical variables were significant in the univariable analyses; however, in the multivariable GEE analyses, only smoking [odds ratio (OR) 2.777, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.317-5.852] and disease activity as measured by the SLAM (Systemic Lupus Activity Measure) (OR 1.099; 95% CI 1.053-1.147) were significant. In particular, hydroxychloroquine use, which appeared to be protective against thrombotic events in the univariable analyses, was not retained in the multivariable analyses. aPL antibodies were not significant in either analysis. Few additional aPL-positive patients emerged from the validation study. CONCLUSIONS: Smoking and disease activity emerged as important determinants in the occurrence of thrombotic events in our patients. Comprehensive treatment strategies should be directed to both smoking cessation and control of disease activity in patients with SLE.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Multiple retrospective and a few prospective studies (3–13) have found that hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) reduces the risk of arterial and venous thrombosis.”
From Association of Higher Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels With Reduced Thrombosis Risk in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (2021) · cites this paper as [4]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
Tan, E. M., Cohen, A. S., Fries, J. F., Masi, A. T., Mcshane, D. J., Rothfield, N. F., Schaller, J. G., Talal, N., & Winchester, R. J. (1982) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780251101 · Cited by 14,519
Hochberg, M. C. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400928 · Cited by 11,409
Cervera, R., Piette, J., Font, J., Khamashta, M. A., Shoenfeld, Y., Camps, M. T., Jacobsen, S., Lakos, G., Tincani, A., Kontopoulou‐Griva, I., et al. (2002) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.10187 · Cited by 2,156 · cited 1×
“Contrary to what we had hypothesized based on the published literature [2, 9, 39–41], an association between aPL antibodies (each one individually or all taken together) was not found in either the univariable or the multivariable analyses even when a second assay was performed in a selected number of patient samples…”
ResultLove, P. E., & Santoro, S. A. (1990) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-112-9-682 · Cited by 1,095
Liang, M. H., Socher, S. A., Larson, M. G., & Schur, P. H. (1989) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/anr.1780320909 · Cited by 787
Gladman, D. D., Urowitz, M. B., Goldsmith, C. H., Fortin, P., Ginzler, E., Gordon, C., Hanly, J. G., Isenberg, D. A., Kalunian, K., Nived, O., et al. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400506 · Cited by 759
Risk Factors for Cardiovascular Disease in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus
Svenungsson, E., Jensen‐Urstad, K., Heimbürger, M., Silveira, A. M. V., Hamsten, A., Fairé, U. D., Witztum, J. L., & Frostegård, J. (2001) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/hc4101.097518 · Cited by 498
Doria, A., Shoenfeld, Y., Wu, R., Gambari, P. F., Puato, M., Ghirardello, A., Gilburd, B., Corbanese, S., Patnaik, M., Zampieri, S., et al. (2003) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.62.11.1071 · Cited by 403
Pelletier, J., Jovanović, D., Fernandes, J., Manning, P. T., Connor, J. R., Currie, M. G., Battista, J. A. D., & Martel‐Pelletier, J. (1998) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/1529-0131(199807)41:7 · Cited by 344
Self-citationToloza, S., Uribe, A. G., McGwin, G., Alarcón, G. S., Fessler, B. J., Bastian, H. M., Vilá, L. M., Wu, R., Shoenfeld, Y., Roseman, J. M., et al. (2004) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.20622 · Cited by 319
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- Reveille JD, Moulds JM, Ahn C et al. Systemic lupus erythematosus in three ethnic groups: I. The effects of HLA class II, C4, and CR1 alleles, socioeconomic factors, and ethnicity at disease onset. LUMINA Study Group. Lupus in minority populations, nature versus nurture. Arthritis Rheum1998;41:1161–72. · DOI
- Fessler BJ, McGwin G Jr, Roseman JM et al. Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) usage is associated with decreased renal and cardiovascular damage in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Arthritis Rheum2001;44:S201.
- Calvo-Alén J, Toloza SM, Fernández M et al. Smoking, hypercholesterolemia and glucocorticoid use are major risk factors for venous thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. Arthritis Rheum2004;50:S595.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ruiz-Irastorza, G., Ramos-Casals, M., Brito-Zeron, P., & Khamashta, M. A. (2010) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2008.101766 · Cited by 978
Treat-to-target in systemic lupus erythematosus: recommendations from an international task force
van Vollenhoven, R., Mosca, M., Bertsias, G. K., Isenberg, D. A., Kuhn, A., Lerstrøm, K., Aringer, M., Bootsma, H., Boumpas, D., Bruce, I. N., et al. (2014) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-205139 · Cited by 761
Effect of antimalarials on thrombosis and survival in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Ruiz-Irastorza, G., Egurbide, M.-V., Pijoan, J.-I., Garmendia, M., Villar, I., Martinez-Berriotxoa, A., Erdozain, J.-G., & Aguirre, C. (2006) · Lupus · doi:10.1177/0961203306071872 · Cited by 411
Mosca, M., Tani, C., Aringer, M., Bombardieri, S., Boumpas, D., Brey, R. L., Cervera, R., Doria, A., Jayne, D. R. W., Khamashta, M. A., et al. (2009) · Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases · doi:10.1136/ard.2009.117200 · Cited by 382
Erkan, D., Aguiar, C. L., ANDRADE, D. C. O. D., Cohen, H., Cuadrado, M. J., Danowski, A., Levy, R. A., Ortel, T. L., Rahman, A., Salmon, J. E., et al. (2014) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.01.053 · Cited by 322
Metadata
- Authors
- Ho, K. T., Ahn, C. W., Alarcón, G. S., Baethge, B. A., Tan, F. K., Roseman, J., Bastian, H. M., Fessler, B. J., McGwin, G., Vilá, L. M., Calvo-Alén, J., & Reveille, J. D.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ho, K. T.
- Venue
- Rheumatology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-19
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1303-1307
- ISSN
- 1462-0324 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-0332
- OpenAlex
- W2165897466
- Cited by
- 128
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 3.82
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Lara D. Veeken (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (R01AR042503)
- National Center for Research Resources (P20RR011126, M01RR000032, M01RR002558, M01RR000073)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rheumatology › Vasculitis and related conditions
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hematology › Blood Coagulation and Thrombosis Mechanisms
- Keywords
- systemic lupus erythematosus, thrombotic complications, antiphospholipid antibodies, hydroxychloroquine, smoking, disease activity, lupus anticoagulant, anticardiolipin antibodies, cardiovascular risk factors, multi-ethnic cohort, Hispanic patients, African American patients, smoking cessation, oxidized LDL antibodies
- MeSH terms
- Epidemiologic Methods, Female, Humans, Hydroxychloroquine, Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic, Male, Severity of Illness Index, Smoking, Thrombosis, Antibodies, Antiphospholipid, Antirheumatic Agents
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
