A randomized clinical trial of an individualized home-based exercise programme for women with fibromyalgia
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of a 12-week individualized home-based exercise programme on physical functioning, pain severity and psychological distress for women with fibromyalgia (FM). METHODS: Seventy-nine women with a primary diagnosis of FM were randomized to a 12-week individualized home-based moderate-intensity exercise programme or to a usual care control group. Outcomes were functional capacity (Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire), pain severity and psychological distress. Outcomes were measured at study entry, at the end of the 12-week intervention, and at 3 and 9 months following completion of the intervention. RESULTS: On the basis of intention-to-treat analyses, a significant improvement in functional capacity at 3 and 9 months following treatment for participants in the exercise group who were more functionally disabled at study entry was observed. At both 3 and 9 months post-treatment, the mean estimated benefit of the intervention was more than 10 points [-12.3 (95% CI, -21.9 to -2.8); -10.8 (95% CI, -21.5 to -0.2)]. Compared with the control group, statistically significant improvements in upper body pain were evident in the exercise group at post-treatment. These between-group differences in upper body pain were maintained at 3 and 9 months post-treatment. No statistically significant group differences on lower body pain and psychological distress were found. CONCLUSIONS: Home-based exercise, a relatively low-cost treatment modality, has the potential to improve important health outcomes in FM.
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Moderate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve anxiety in adults with fibromyalgia in the short term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Results (pp. 3–4) found no statistically significant effect of home-based exercise on psychological distress compared with usual care. Although the paper describes anxiety as one component of the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (Primary outcome measure, p. 2), it does not report a short-term improvement in anxiety; the Discussion (p. 5) says participants’ psychological distress did not change. This trial therefore does not support the cited review claim about improved anxiety. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredModerate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve depression in adults with fibromyalgia in the short term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
This source is a randomized trial, not the review described in the claim. Its Results (p. 4) report no statistically significant effect of home-based exercise on psychological distress, and its Discussion (p. 5) says participants’ psychological distress did not change. It does not report a short-term improvement in depression. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Checked by a reasoning model — may be wrong.
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredModerate evidence suggested that exergames, dance, and combined exercise therapy significantly reduced pain in the short term.
“Moderate evidence suggested that exergames, dance and combined ET reduced significantly pain in the short term [15,45,52].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Intervention (p. 2) describes a home-based programme combining aerobic exercise with prescribed stretching and strength exercises. The Results (p. 1) report significantly less upper-body pain than usual care immediately after treatment. The paper does not study exergames or dance, establish a ‘moderate evidence’ rating, or find a significant reduction in lower-body pain. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredAquatic exercise therapy, combined types of exercise therapy, and exercise therapy combined with patient education and manual therapy were effective in the medium and long term.
“Aquatic ET, combined types of ET and the combination of ET with PE and MT were effective in the medium and long term [11,52,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Intervention (p. 2) describes a home-based programme prescribing aerobic, stretching and strength exercises, and the Discussion (p. 5) reports benefits maintained at nine months after treatment. This supports the claim about combined types of exercise over the medium and longer term, but the paper does not establish effectiveness for aquatic exercise or for exercise combined with patient education and manual therapy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredStrong evidence indicated that combined exercise therapy reduces disability in adults with fibromyalgia in the short term.
“For active therapies, strong evidence suggested that aerobic ET [11,44,46,47,51], combined ET [48,50,52,53] and aquatic ET [11,46,47,54] were effective for reducing disability in the short term.”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Intervention (p. 2) describes a programme combining aerobic, stretching and strength exercises. The Results (p. 1) report improved functional capacity at three months after treatment, but only among women who were more functionally disabled at entry. The paper does not establish a general short-term disability reduction for all adults with fibromyalgia or, on its own, a ‘strong evidence’ rating. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Moderate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve disability in adults with fibromyalgia in the long term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Results (p. 1) report improved functional capacity at 3 and 9 months after treatment among women with fibromyalgia who were more functionally disabled at baseline. This supports a long-term benefit for that group, but the source is a single exercise trial, not a review grading the evidence as moderate for active therapies broadly or for all adults with fibromyalgia. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredModerate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve pain intensity in adults with fibromyalgia in the long term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Discussion (p. 5) reports that moderate-intensity exercise reduced upper-body pain in women with fibromyalgia, with the improvement maintained nine months after treatment. It also says the reduction in lower-body pain was not significant. This trial therefore supports a long-term pain benefit for a specific exercise intervention and pain location, but not the broader claim about active therapies or pain intensity generally; the review’s evidence rating is not a finding of this trial. (LLM, conf=0.87)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredModerate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve physical function in adults with fibromyalgia in the long term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Results (p. 1) report improved functional capacity at 3 and 9 months after treatment, but only among women who were more functionally disabled at study entry. The Discussion (p. 5) says generalizability to all people with fibromyalgia is unknown. This trial supports a long-term benefit for that subgroup, not the broader claim about adults with fibromyalgia generally. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredModerate evidence from this review indicates that active therapies improve sleep quality in adults with fibromyalgia in the short term.
“Our results also showed moderate evidence that active therapies improved pain intensity, disability and physical function in the long term, and sleep quality, anxiety and depression in the short term [11,44,45,47,48,51,52,54,55,57,58].”
From Effectiveness of non-pharmacological conservative therapies in adults with fibromyalgia: A systematic review of high-quality clinical trials (2022) · cites this paper as [52]
The Primary outcome measure section (p. 2) says the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire includes restfulness on waking, but the Results (p. 3) report only its overall score, not a sleep-specific result. This randomized trial does not establish that active therapies improved sleep quality in the short term; searches for sleep quality and short-term sleep outcomes found no such result in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.75)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
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- Authors
- Da Costa, D., Abrahamowicz, M., Lowensteyn, I., Bernatsky, S., Dritsa, M., Fitzcharles, M.-A., & Dobkin, P. L.
- Affiliations
- McGill University Health Centre (CA)
- Venue
- Rheumatology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2005-07-19
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1422-1427
- ISSN
- 1462-0324 (ISSN-L)
- 1462-0332
- OpenAlex
- W2122366654
- Cited by
- 122
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 6.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Lara D. Veeken (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Arthritis Society
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Syndrome Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Myofascial pain diagnosis and treatment
- Keywords
- fibromyalgia, home-based exercise, women, physical function, pain intensity, psychological distress, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, exercise therapy
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Exercise Therapy, Female, Fibromyalgia, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status Indicators, Home Care Services, Humans, Middle Aged, Pain Measurement, Stress, Psychological
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