Characterization of Ovarian Follicular Wave Dynamics in Women1
Abstract
A wave phenomenon of ovarian follicular development in women has recently been documented in our laboratory. The objective of the present study was to characterize follicular waves to determine whether women exhibit major and minor wave patterns of follicle development during the interovulatory interval (IOI). The ovaries of 50 women with clinically normal menstrual cycles were examined daily using transvaginal ultrasonography for one IOI. Profiles of the diameters of all follicles >or=4 mm and the numbers of follicles >or=5 mm were graphed during the IOI. Major waves were defined as those in which one follicle grew to >or=10 mm and exceeded all other follicles by >or=2 mm. Minor waves were defined as those in which follicles developed to a diameter of <10 mm and follicle dominance was not manifest. Blood samples were drawn to measure serum concentrations of estradiol-17beta, LH, and FSH. Women exhibited major and minor patterns of follicular wave dynamics during the IOI. Of the 50 women evaluated, 29/34 women with two follicle waves (85.3%) exhibited a minor-major wave pattern of follicle development and 5 women (14.7%) exhibited a major-major wave pattern. Ten of the 16 women with three follicle waves (62.5%) exhibited a minor-minor-major wave pattern, 3 women (18.8%) exhibited a minor-major-major wave pattern, and 3 women (18.8%) exhibited a major-major-major wave pattern. Documentation of major and minor follicular waves during the menstrual cycle challenges the traditional theory that a single cohort of antral follicles grows only during the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle.
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The use of high-resolution transvaginal ultrasonography has underpinned the hypothesis that human follicular growth and development is characterized by waves.
“The use of high-resolution transvaginal ultrasonography has underpinned the hypothesis that, similar to ruminants, follicular growth and development in human is characterized by waves (31, 32)”
From Mathematical Modeling and Simulation Provides Evidence for New Strategies of Ovarian Stimulation (2021) · cites this paper as [31]
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- Authors
- Baerwald, A. R., Adams, G. P., & Pierson, R. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Saskatchewan (CA)
- ORCID
- Pierson, Roger A.
- Venue
- Biology of Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 2003-09-01
- Volume
- 69
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 1023-1031
- ISSN
- 0006-3363 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-7268
- OpenAlex
- W2050867024
- Cited by
- 359
- References
- 77
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 17 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 10.85
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biology of Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- BioOne Complete (BioOne) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Ovarian function and disorders
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Agronomy and Crop Science › Reproductive Physiology in Livestock
- Keywords
- folliculogenesis, interovulatory interval, follicle dominance, antral follicles, estradiol, luteinizing hormone, follicle-stimulating hormone, menstrual cycle, transvaginal ultrasound
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Estradiol, Female, Follicle Stimulating Hormone, Ovarian Follicle, Humans, Luteinizing Hormone, Longitudinal Studies, Menstrual Cycle, Ovulation, Reference Values, Ultrasonography
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