In Utero Proximity of Female Mouse Fetuses to Males: Effect on Reproductive Performance during Later Life
Abstract
Female mice were delivered by Caesearian section, with females between 2 male fetuses in the uterus (2M females) and females not contiguous to males in the uterus (OM females) being compared morphologically, physiologically and behaviorally during later life. The results reveal that 2M females are masculinized morphologically and behaviorally relative to 0M females; 2M females have a larger anogenital space, are more aggressive in a variety of different situations, are less effective at inhibiting male-induced puberty when group housed and urine mark their environment at higher rates (all masculine traits). On the other hand, 0M females are more sexually attractive and arousing to males than are 2M females. While no differences were noted between 0M and 2M females in terms of their sensitivity to gonadal steroids or in their capacity to produce and raise healthy young in an optimal laboratory environment, the data indicate that in utero contiguity to male fetuses produces a masculine bias in the transmission of and response to reproductively important social cues. Such a bias could alter the probability of mating and of successfully producing healthy offspring in a natural environment.
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- Authors
- Vom Saal, F. S., & Bronson, F. H.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas at Austin (US)
- Venue
- Biology of Reproduction
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1978-11-01
- Volume
- 19
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 842-853
- ISSN
- 0006-3363 (ISSN-L)
- 1529-7268
- OpenAlex
- W2162762078
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 5
- FWCI
- 3.45
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Biology of Reproduction (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and Clinical Aspects of Sex Determination and Chromosomal Abnormalities
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Neuroendocrine regulation and behavior
- Keywords
- fetal sex ratio, masculinization, aggression, urine marking, sexual attractiveness, reproductive performance, social behavior
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Behavior, Animal, Estradiol, Female, Male, Pregnancy, Reproduction, Sexual Behavior, Animal, Sex Differentiation, Testosterone, Uterus, Mice
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