What dictates the accumulation of desmosterol in the developing brain?
Open accessAbstract
The brain is the most cholesterol‐enriched tissue in the body. During brain development, desmosterol, an immediate precursor of cholesterol, transiently accumulates up to 30% of total brain sterols. This massive desmosterol deposition appears to be present in all mammalian species reported so far, including humans, but how it is achieved is not well understood. Here, we propose that desmosterol accumulation in the developing brain may be primarily caused by post‐transcriptional repression of 3β‐hydroxysterol 24‐reductase (DHCR24) by progesterone. Furthermore, distinct properties of desmosterol may serve to increase the membrane active pool of sterols in the brain: desmosterol cannot be hydroxylated to generate 24 S ‐hydroxycholesterol, a brain derived secretory sterol, desmosterol has a reduced propensity to be esterified as compared to cholesterol, and desmosterol may activate LXR to stimulate astrocyte sterol secretion. This regulated accumulation of desmosterol by progesterone‐induced suppression of DHCR24 may facilitate the rapid enrichment and distribution of membrane sterols in the developing brain.—Jansen, M., Wang, W., Greco, D., Bellenchi, G. C., di Porzio, U., Brown, A. J., and Ikonen, E. What dictates the accumulation of desmosterol in the developing brain? FASEB J. 27, 865–870 (2013). www.fasebj.org
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Desmosterol accumulation could be regarded as an attempt to activate LXR signaling and thereby increase sterol secretion from astrocytes.
“Desmosterol accumulation could also be regarded as an attempt to activate LXR signaling and thereby increase sterol secretion from astrocytes32,33.”
From An iPSC-derived astrocyte model of fragile X syndrome exhibits dysregulated cholesterol homeostasis (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
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- Authors
- Jansen, M., Wang, W., Greco, D., Bellenchi, G. C., di Porzio, U., Brown, A. J., & Ikonen, E.
- Affiliations
- University of Helsinki (FI)
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics (IT)
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics Naples Italy
- UNSW Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Ikonen, Elina
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2012-12-10
- Volume
- 27
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 865-870
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- OpenAlex
- W2111981713
- Cited by
- 42
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 3
- FWCI
- 3.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- Licence
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- INFM-OAR (INFN Catania) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Zenodo (CERN European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Academy of Finland (131489)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (1008081)
- National Heart Foundation of Australia (G11S 5757)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Cholesterol and Lipid Metabolism
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Steroid Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Keywords
- desmosterol, brain development, DHCR24, progesterone, cholesterol biosynthesis, membrane sterols, 24S-hydroxycholesterol, sterol esterification, liver X receptor, brain cholesterol
- MeSH terms
- Liver X Receptors, Animals, Brain, Brain Chemistry, Cell Membrane, Desmosterol, Nerve Tissue Proteins, Progesterone, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors, Mice, Orphan Nuclear Receptors
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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