Angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus and SARS‐CoV‐2: A double‐edged sword?
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Human angiotensin‐converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) facilitates cellular entry of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS‐CoV) and SARS‐CoV‐2 as their common receptor. During infection, ACE2‐expressing tissues become direct targets, resulting in serious pathological changes and progressive multiple organ failure or even death in severe cases. However, as an essential component of renin‐angiotensin system (RAS), ACE2 confers protective effects in physiological circumstance, including maintaining cardiovascular homeostasis, fluid, and electrolyte balance. The absence of protective role of ACE2 leads to dysregulated RAS and thus acute changes under multiple pathological scenarios including SARS. This potentially shared mechanism may also be the molecular explanation for pathogenesis driven by SARS‐CoV‐2. We reasonably speculate several potential directions of clinical management including host‐directed therapies aiming to restore dysregulated RAS caused by ACE2 deficiency. Enriched knowledge of ACE2 learned from SARS and COVID‐19 outbreaks can provide, despite their inherent tragedy, informative clues for emerging pandemic preparedness.
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Low ACE-2 expression is noted in both neurons and glial cells.
“Low ACE-2 expression is noted in both neurons and glial cells [170].”
From Cognitive decline following acute viral infections: literature review and projections for post-COVID-19 (2022) · cites this paper as [170]
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D‐dimer levels is associated with severe COVID‐19 infections: A meta‐analysis
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Molecular modeling of the interaction of ligands with ACE2–SARS-CoV-2 spike protein complex
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ACE2 polymorphisms impact COVID-19 severity in obese patients
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Structural variations and expression profiles of the SARS‐CoV‐2 host invasion genes in lung cancer
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Estatinas en COVID-19: ¿existe algún fundamento?
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Drugs Modulating Renin-Angiotensin System in COVID-19 Treatment
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ACE2, the Counter-Regulatory Renin–Angiotensin System Axis and COVID-19 Severity
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Dessie, G., & Malik, T. (2021) · Infection and Drug Resistance · doi:10.2147/idr.s308176 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
SARS-CoV-2 and the cardiovascular system
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Study on the Clinical Significance of ACE2 and Its Age-Related Expression
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Sahoo, S., Jhunjhunwala, S., Jolly, M. K., & Jolly, M. K. (2020) · Journal of the Indian Institute of Science · doi:10.1007/s41745-020-00205-1 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Statins in COVID-19: Is there any foundation?
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Diet-Induced Obesity and NASH Impair Disease Recovery in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Golden Hamsters
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Repurposing current therapeutic regimens against SARS-CoV-2 (Review)
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Vitamin D and viral infections: Infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers
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Relevance between COVID-19 and host genetics of immune response
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Die frühe Phase der COVID-19-Pandemie in Bayern
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COVID-19, the Pandemic of the Century and Its Impact on Cardiovascular Diseases
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COVID-19 and Neurological Manifestations
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Kummarapurugu, A. B., Hawkridge, A. M., Ma, J., Osei, S., Martin, R., Zheng, S., & Voynow, J. A. (2023) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.jbc.2023.104820 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Gestión de la pandemia. Visión del radiólogo
Valdés, P., Rovira, À., Guerrero, J., Rodriguez-Morales, A. J., Rovira, M., & Martínez, C. (2020) · Radiología · doi:10.1016/j.rx.2020.10.004 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Efficacy of defensins as neutralizing agents against the deadly SARS-CoV-2
Varughese, D., Mohanakumar, K. P., & Rajamma, U. (2022) · Journal of Biomolecular Structure and Dynamics · doi:10.1080/07391102.2022.2041487 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Nanomedicine for the Diagnosis and Therapy of COVID-19
Wang, Y., Hao, Y., Fa, S., Zheng, W., Yuan, C., & Wang, W. (2021) · Frontiers in Bioengineering and Biotechnology · doi:10.3389/fbioe.2021.758121 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Tailoring fluorescent probes for detecting COVID-19 virus in bio-samples and in vivo
Gong, J., Wang, X., Rha, H., Hong, S. J., Wu, J., Zhang, F., Mao, Z., & Kim, J. S. (2025) · Coordination Chemistry Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.ccr.2025.216824 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Host variations in SARS-CoV-2 infection
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The Role of ACE2 in SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection, Pathogenesis, and Antiviral Interventions
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Inequality: The Dangers of Meat Haves and Have-Nots in a Nicotinamide-Adenine-Dinucleotide World
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Publishing coronavirology: Peering into peer(less?) review
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COVID-19 in individuals adapted to aerobic exercise
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Importancia de los estudios de anatomía patológica en COVID-19
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ACTIVITY OF ANGIOTENSIN-CONVERSING ENZYME-2 IN ACUTE PULMONARY INFLAMMATION
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Animais utilizados em pesquisas de SARS-COV-2 / Animals used in SARS-VOC-2 Research
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HIF-1a in immune pathogenesis of SARS-CoV-2-pneumonia
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A novel coronavirus—from basic research to clinic
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Combined hormonal contraception during a pandemic
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Managing the pandemic from the radiology department’s point of view
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Insight to SARS-CoV-2 Vaccines Based on Virus Structure and Properties
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- Authors
- Yan, T., Xiao, R., & Lin, G.
- Affiliations
- Military Burn Center the 990th Hospital of People's Liberation Army Zhumadian China
- Corresponding author
- Yan, Tiantian
- Venue
- The FASEB Journal
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 2020-04-19
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 6017-6026
- ISSN
- 0892-6638 (ISSN-L)
- 1530-6860
- PMC
- PMC7264803
- OpenAlex
- W3016340352
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2025: 6 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 42
- FWCI
- 4.11
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The FASEB Journal (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19 Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › COVID-19 Clinical Research Studies
- Keywords
- angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, SARS-CoV, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19 pandemic, renin-angiotensin system, viral receptor, host-directed therapy, multiple organ failure, cardiovascular homeostasis, pandemic preparedness
- MeSH terms
- Betacoronavirus, Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Humans, Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A, Pneumonia, Viral, Drug Delivery Systems, Coronavirus Infections, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus, Virus Internalization, Pandemics
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