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Growth Deficits in ADHD Children Revisited: Evidence for Disorder-Associated Growth Delays?
Abstract
Objective To reevaluate the hypothesis that stimulants cause growth deficits in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).Method Growth deficits in height and weight were examined in 124 children and adolescents with ADHD and 109 controls, using appropriate correction by age and parental height measures and attending to issues of pubertal stage, treatment, and psychiatric comorbidity.Results Small but significant differences in height were identified between ADHD children and controls. However, height deficits were evident in early but not late adolescent ADHD children and were unrelated to use of psychotropic medications. There was no evidence of weight deficits in ADHD children relative to controls, and no relationship between measures of malnutrition and short stature was identified.Conclusions ADHD may be associated with temporary deficits in growth in height through mid-adolescence that may normalize by late adolescence. This effect appears to be mediated by ADHD and not its treatment.
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“Spencer et al. (1996) proposed that maturational lag characterized the clinical condition of ADHD, which produced a reduction in growth rate that was correlated with but not necessarily a result of treatment with stimulant medication.”
From Effects of Stimulant Medication on Growth Rates Across 3 Years in the MTA Follow-up (2007) · cites this paper as Spencer et al. (1996)
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Metadata
- Authors
- SPENCER, T. J., BIEDERMAN, J., HARDING, M., O'DONNELL, D., FARAONE, S. V., & WILENS, T. E.
- Affiliations
- Massachusetts General Hospital (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- SPENCER, THOMAS J.
- Venue
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1996-11
- Volume
- 35
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1460-1469
- ISSN
- 0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2024532533
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 54
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 15 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 5.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- NIMH (K20 MH01169-01)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Growth Hormone and Insulin-like Growth Factors
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, growth deficit, height, weight, short stature, stimulant medication, psychotropic drugs, pubertal stage, malnutrition, adolescents, children
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Central Nervous System Stimulants, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Body Height, Body Weight, Child, Dwarfism, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Methylphenidate
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