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Cited by 72Attention Deficit Hyperactivity DisorderChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional DevelopmentDevelopmental and Educational Neuropsychology

ADHD in Swedish 3- to 7-year-old children

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KADESJÖ, CHRISTINA, KADESJÖ, BJÖRN, HÄGGLÖF, BRUNO, GILLBERG, CHRISTOPHER·2001·Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
DOI 10.1097/00004583-200109000-00010
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Abstract

Objective To study characteristics of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in a representative group of clinically impaired young children in Sweden with the disorder.Method One hundred thirty-one children with ADHD (aged 3-7 years) were examined, and their parents were interviewed. Independent parent questionnaire data (Child Behavior Checklist, ADHD Rating Scale-IV, Conners) were collected. For comparison 131 children without ADHD were matched for age, gender, parents' marital status, child's adoption status, and social class.Results Children with ADHD had extremely high ADHD symptom levels--on average four to eight times higher than the comparison group. Sociodemographic correlates of ADHD symptoms were more pronounced in parent questionnaire data than in parent interview data, underscoring the importance of diagnostic interview when dealing with clinical issues. Very few of the children with ADHD (6%) appeared "normal" with regard to attention/activity level at clinical examination.Conclusions Clinic children with a diagnosis of DSM-IV ADHD have typical and impairing symptoms already before starting school. The variance of ADHD in this age group appears to be accounted for by primary psychosocial factors only to a limited degree. It would seem reasonable to establish supportive and treatment measures for these young children so that the psychosocial and academic problems shown by so many individuals with ADHD later in their development might be reduced.

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  • Children with ADHD also differ from controls on a broad range of non-EF functions such as motor coordination, perception, language, visuomotor integration, and learning and memory.

    “children with ADHD also differ from controls on a broad range of non-EF functions such as motor coordination (Blondis, 1999; Carte, Nigg, & Hinshaw, 1996; Kadesjo, Kadesjo, Hagglof, & Gillberg, 2001; Sheppard, Bradshaw, Georgiou, Bradshaw, & Lee, 2000; Steger et al., 2001), perception (Garcia-Sanchez, Estevez-Gonzalez, Suarez-Romero, & Junque, 1997; Mangeot et al., 2001), language (Beitchman, Tuck”

    From The influences of environmental enrichment, cognitive enhancement, and physical exercise on brain development: Can we alter the developmental trajectory of ADHD? (2011) · cites this paper as Kadesjo et al., 2001

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Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. Goldstein S, Goldstein M (1990), Managing Attention Disorders in Children. New York: Wiley
  2. Wechsler D (1992), Manual of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 3rd Edition. New York: Psychological Corporation

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Authors
KADESJÖ, C., KADESJÖ, B., HÄGGLÖF, B., & GILLBERG, C.
Affiliations
University of Gothenburg (SE)
Corresponding author
GILLBERG, CHRISTOPHER
ORCID
Venue
Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2001-09
Volume
40
Issue
9
Pages
1021-1028
ISSN
0890-8567 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/00004583-200109000-00010
OpenAlex
W1968815103
Cited by
72
References
128
Citations by year
2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 5
FWCI
1.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations
  • Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • Swedish Council for Social Research (grant 97-0223)
  • Swedish Foundation for Health Care Sciences and Allergy Research (grant V97-320)
  • Swedish MRC (grant K2000-21X-11251-06C)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Developmental and Educational Neuropsychology
Keywords
attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, preschool children, ADHD symptom severity, sociodemographic correlates, psychosocial factors, early childhood, DSM-IV diagnosis, Swedish children
MeSH terms
Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Parent-Child Relations, Schools, Severity of Illness Index, Social Behavior

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