Anti-Nogo-A antibody infusion 24 hours after experimental stroke improved behavioral outcome and corticospinal plasticity in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats
Abstract
Nogo-A is a myelin-associated neurite outgrowth inhibitory protein limiting recovery and plasticity after central nervous system injury. In this study, a purified monoclonal anti-Nogo-A antibody (7B12) was evaluated in two rat stroke models with a time-to-treatment of 24 hours after injury. After photothrombotic cortical injury (PCI) and intraventricular infusion of a control mouse immunoglobulin G for 2 weeks, long-term contralateral forepaw function was reduced to about 55% of prelesion performance until the latest time point investigated (9 weeks). Forepaw function was significantly better in the 7B12-treated group 6 to 9 weeks after PCI, and reached about 70% of prelesion levels. Cortical infarcts were also produced in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) by permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In the control group, forepaw function remained between 40% and 50% of prelesion levels 4 to 12 weeks after MCAO. In contrast, 7B12-treated groups showed significant improvement between 4 and 7 weeks after MCAO from around 40% of prelesion levels at week 4 to about 60% to 70% at 7 to 12 weeks after MCAO. Treatment in both models was efficacious without influencing infarct volume or brain atrophy. Neuroanatomically in the spinal cord, a significant increase of midline crossing corticospinal fibers originating in the unlesioned sensorimotor cortex was found in 7B12-treated groups, reaching 2.3 +/- 1.5% after PCI (control group: 1.1 +/- 0.5%) and 4.5 +/- 2.2% after MCAO in SHR rats (control group: 1.8 +/- 0.8%). Behavioral outcome and the presence of midline crossing fibers in the cervical spinal cord correlated significantly, suggesting a possible contribution of the crossing fibers for forepaw function after PCI and MCAO. The results suggest that specific anti-Nogo-A antibodies bear potential as a new rehabilitative treatment approach for ischemic stroke with a prolonged time-to-treatment window.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The efficacy of neurorestorative therapies does not depend on successful reperfusion of ischaemic brain tissue, unlike neuroprotection.
“By sharp contrast with neuroprotection, the efficacy of neuro restorative therapies does not depend on the successful reperfusion of ischaemic brain tissue.11,12,15,17,21”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Treatments promoting neurological recovery by remodelling brain tissue can be instituted during the stroke recovery phase, unlike neuroprotection which requires acute intervention.
“By contrast with neuroprotection, which requires an acute intervention, treatments promoting neurological recovery by remodelling of brain tissue can be instituted during the stroke recovery phase.10–15”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Homologous fibres from the contralesional motor cortex grow across the midline to reach denervated neurons in target structures of the lesioned pyramidal tract.
“Instead, homologous fibres originating from the contralesional motor cortex grow out across the midline to reach denervated neurons in target structures of the lesioned pyramidal tract (figure 1).10–12,15,17,19,24”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
This lesion-remote plasticity involves midline crossing of fibres from contralesional to ipsilesional hemisphere at the red nucleus and re-entry into contralesional hemicord at cervical spinal cord.
“This lesion-remote plasticity involves the midline crossing of fibres from the contralesional to the ipsilesional hemisphere at the level of the red nucleus10,17,19,24 and the re-entry of fibres into the contralesional hemicord at the level of the cervical spinal cord (figure 1).11,12,15”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Axonal growth responses are relatively uniform across different treatment types, with contralesional sprouting evident after growth factors, anti-NogoA antibodies, neurostimulants, and cell-based therapeutics.
“Importantly, axonal growth responses are relatively uniform for different types of treatment: contralesional sprouting was evident after delivery of growth factors,19,24 neutralising antibodies directed against the axonal growth inhibitor NogoA,11,17 neurostimulants (eg, amphetamine), 29 and cell-based therapeutics, namely bone-marrow-derived stromal cells12,30 or neural pre cursor cells.15”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Contralesional plasticity as a basis for neurological recovery occurs in several species, including rats, mice, and macaques.
“Contralesional plasticity as a basis for neurological recovery occurs in several species (eg, in rats,11,15,17 mice,12,19,24 and macaques32).”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
In focal cerebral ischaemia, spontaneously hypertensive rats showed preserved contralesional pyramidal tract sprouting in response to anti-NogoA antibodies, with functional improvements similar to non-hypertensive rats.
“In focal cerebral ischaemia, spontaneously hypertensive rats had preserved contralesional pyramidal tract sprouting in response to treatment with neutralising antibodies directed against NogoA, which was consistent with functional neurological improvements that were very similar to those in non-hypertensive rats.11”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
The preserved response to NogoA antibodies suggests that growth factor abnormalities in hypertensive rats might not be clinically relevant.
“This preserved response to NogoA antibodies suggests that the growth factor abnormalities might not be clinically relevant.”
From Promoting brain remodelling and plasticity for stroke recovery: therapeutic promise and potential pitfalls of clinical translation (2012) · cites this paper as [11]
Cites
The rat brain in stereotaxic coordinates
Palkovits, M. (1983) · Neuropeptides · doi:10.1016/0143-4179(83)90049-5 · Cited by 28,959 · see citing works
The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates
Paxinos, G., & Watson, C. (1983) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/c2009-0-63235-9 · Cited by 28,585 · see citing works
Tissue Plasminogen Activator for Acute Ischemic Stroke
(1995) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm199512143332401 · Cited by 11,654 · see citing works
Nudo, R. J., Wise, B. M., SiFuentes, F., & Milliken, G. W. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5269.1791 · Cited by 1,911 · see citing works
Chen, M. S., Huber, A. B., van der Haar, M. E., Frank, M., Schnell, L., Spillmann, A. A., Christ, F., & Schwab, M. E. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35000219 · Cited by 1,445 · see citing works
Self-citationSchnell, L., & Schwab, M. E. (1990) · Nature · doi:10.1038/343269a0 · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Self-citationIdentification of the Nogo inhibitor of axon regeneration as a Reticulon protein
GrandPré, T., Nakamura, F., Vartanian, T. K., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35000226 · Cited by 1,139 · see citing works
Induction of reproducible brain infarction by photochemically initiated thrombosis
Watson, B. D., Dietrich, W. D., Busto, R., Wachtel, M. S., & Ginsberg, M. D. (1985) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.410170513 · Cited by 1,135 · see citing works
Identification of a receptor mediating Nogo-66 inhibition of axonal regeneration
Fournier, A. E., GrandPré, T., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35053072 · Cited by 1,083 · see citing works
Caroni, P., & Schwab, M. E. (1988) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/0896-6273(88)90212-7 · Cited by 892 · see citing works
Self-citationMolecular physiology and pathophysiology of tight junctions in the blood–brain barrier
Huber, J. D., Egleton, R. D., & Davis, T. P. (2001) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/s0166-2236(00)02004-x · Cited by 790 · see citing works
The organization of the rat motor cortex: A microstimulation mapping study
Neafsey, E. J., Bold, E. L., HAAS, G., Hurley-Gius, K. M., Quirk, G. J., Sievert, C. F., & Terreberry, R. R. (1986) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/s0006-8993(86)80191-3 · Cited by 705 · see citing works
The organization of the rat motor cortex: A microstimulation mapping study
Neafsey, E. J., Bold, E. L., Haas, G., Hurley-Gius, K. M., Quirk, G. J., Sievert, C. F., & Terreberry, R. R. (1986) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/0165-0173(86)90011-1 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
The “staircase test”: a measure of independent forelimb reaching and grasping abilities in rats
Montoya, C. P., Campbell-Hope, L. J., Pemberton, K. D., & Dunnett, S. B. (1991) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/0165-0270(91)90048-5 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Inhibitor of neurite outgrowth in humans
Prinjha, R. K., Moore, S. E., Vinson, M. C., Blake, S., Morrow, R., Christie, G., Michalovich, D., Simmons, D. L., & Walsh, F. S. (2000) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35000287 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Role of adaptive plasticity in recovery of function after damage to motor cortex
Nudo, R. J., Plautz, E. J., & Frost, S. B. (2001) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.1104 · Cited by 560 · see citing works
Whishaw, I. Q., O'Connor, W. T., & Dunnett, S. B. (1986) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/109.5.805 · Cited by 455 · see citing works
Repairing the Injured Spinal Cord
Schwab, M. E. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1067840 · Cited by 403 · see citing works
Self-citationThallmair, M., Metz, G. A. S., Z'Graggen, W. J., Raineteau, O., Kartje, G. L., & Schwab, M. E. (1998) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/373 · Cited by 382 · see citing works
Self-citationMerkler, D., Metz, G. A. S., Raineteau, O., Dietz, V., Schwab, M. E., & Fouad, K. (2001) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.21-10-03665.2001 · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional magnetic resonance imaging of reorganization in rat brain after stroke
Dijkhuizen, R. M., Ren, J., Mandeville, J. B., Wu, O., Özdağ, F., Moskowitz, M. A., Rosen, B. R., & Finklestein, S. P. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.231235598 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
New Patterns of Intracortical Projections after Focal Cortical Stroke
Carmichael, S. T., Wei, L., Rovainen, C. M., & Woolsey, T. A. (2001) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1006/nbdi.2001.0425 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Functional assessments in mice and rats after focal stroke
Hunter, A. J., Hatcher, J. D., Virley, D. J., Nelson, P., Irving, E. A., Hadingham, S. J., & Parsons, A. A. (2000) · Neuropharmacology · doi:10.1016/s0028-3908(99)00262-2 · Cited by 300 · see citing works
Z'Graggen, W. J., Metz, G. A. S., Kartje, G. L., Thallmair, M., & Schwab, M. E. (1998) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-12-04744.1998 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Self-citationMediated efflux of IgG molecules from brain to blood across the blood–brain barrier
Zhang, Y., & Pardridge, W. M. (2001) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/s0165-5728(01)00242-9 · Cited by 272 · see citing works
van Boxel-Dezaire, A. H. H., Hoff, S. C. J., van Oosten, B. W., Verweij, C. L., Dräger, A. M., Adèr, H. J., van Houwelingen, H. C., Barkhof, F., Polman, C. H., & Nagelkerken, L. M. (1999) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/1531-8249(199906)45:6 · Cited by 266 · see citing works
Self-citationPapadopoulos, C. M., Tsai, S., Alsbiei, T., O'Brien, T. E., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2002) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.10144 · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Self-citationFunctional MRI Detects Posterior Shifts in Primary Sensorimotor Cortex Activation After Stroke
Pineiro, R., Pendlebury, S. T., Johansen‐Berg, H., & Matthews, P. M. (2001) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.32.5.1134 · Cited by 228 · see citing works
Kapfhammer, J. P., & Schwab, M. E. (1994) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903400206 · Cited by 194 · see citing works
Self-citationBuffo, A., Zagrebelsky, M., Huber, A. B., Skerra, A., Schwab, M. E., Strata, P., & Rossi, F. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-06-02275.2000 · Cited by 170 · see citing works
Self-citationIdentification and Characterization of a Bovine Neurite Growth Inhibitor (bNI-220)
Spillmann, A. A., Bandtlow, C. E., Lottspeich, F., Keller, F., & Schwab, M. E. (1998) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.273.30.19283 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Self-citationNogo-A, a Potent Inhibitor of Neurite Outgrowth and Regeneration
Huber, A. B., & Schwab, M. E. (2000) · Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1515/bc.2000.053 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationPaw-reaching, sensorimotor, and rotational behavior after brain infarction in rats.
Grabowski, M., Brundin, P., & Johansson, B. (1993) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.24.6.889 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Functional switch between motor tracts in the presence of the mAb IN-1 in the adult rat
Raineteau, O., Fouad, K., Noth, P., Thallmair, M., & Schwab, M. E. (2001) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.111165498 · Cited by 149 · see citing works
Self-citationAnomalous bilateral corticofugal pathways in albino rats after neonatal lesions
Leong, S. K., & Lund, R. D. (1973) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(73)90630-6 · Cited by 141 · see citing works
Genetic hypertension and increased susceptibility to cerebral ischemia
Barone, F. C., Price, W. J., White, R. F., Willette, R. N., & FEUERSTEIN, G. Z. (1992) · Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews · doi:10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80182-4 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Intrathecal Baclofen Pump Use for Spasticity
Stempien, L. M., & Tsai, T. T. (2000) · American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1097/00002060-200011000-00010 · Cited by 136 · see citing works
Whishaw, I. Q., & Kolb, B. E. (1988) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90753-6 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Neuron-specific enolase increases in cerebral and systemic circulation following focal ischemia
Barone, F. C., Clark, R. K., Price, W. J., White, R. F., Feuerstein, G., Storer, B. L., & Ohlstein, E. H. (1993) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/0006-8993(93)90012-c · Cited by 114 · see citing works
Li, Y., Takada, M., Kaneko, T., & Mizuno, N. (1996) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19960930)373:4 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Z'Graggen, W. J., Fouad, K., Raineteau, O., Metz, G. A. S., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2000) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.20-17-06561.2000 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Self-citationIn vivo magnetic resonance methods in pharmaceutical research: current status and perspectives
Rudin, M., Beckmann, N., Pórszász, R., Reese, T., Bochelen, D., & Sauter, A. (1999) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/(sici)1099-1492(199904)12:2 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Functional recovery after brain lesion???contralateral neuromodulation: an fMRI study
Abo, M., Chen, Z., Lai, L.-J., Reese, T., & Bjelke, B. (2001) · Neuroreport · doi:10.1097/00001756-200105250-00048 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Stapf, C., & Mohr, J. P. (2002) · Annual Review of Medicine · doi:10.1146/annurev.med.53.082901.104106 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Rouiller, E. M., Liang, F., Moret, V., & Wiesendanger, M. (1991) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(91)90084-p · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Cortical organization in shrews: Evidence from five species
Catania, K. C., Lyon, D. C., Mock, O. B., & Kaas, J. H. (1999) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9861(19990719)410:1 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationZagrebelsky, M., Buffo, A., Skerra, A., Schwab, M. E., Strata, P., & Rossi, F. (1998) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.18-19-07912.1998 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Self-citationALLEGRINI, P. R., & Sauer, D. (1992) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/0730-725x(92)90411-r · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Self-citationVirley, D. J., Beech, J. S., Smart, S., Williams, S., Hodges, H. R., & Hunter, A. J. (2000) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1097/00004647-200003000-00015 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
The End of the Long-term Decline in Stroke Mortality in the United States?
Gillum, R. F., & Sempos, C. T. (1997) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.28.8.1527 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
Current Status and Perspectives of Neuroprotection in Ischemic Stroke Treatment
Martínez‐Vila, E., & Irimia, P. (2001) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000049127 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Protective effect of a caspase inhibitor in models for cerebral ischemia in vitro and in vivo.
Wießner, C., Sauer, D., Alaimo, D., & ALLEGRINI, P. R. (2000) · PubMed · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citationHerzog, A., & Brösamle, C. (1997) · Journal of Neuroscience Methods · doi:10.1016/s0165-0270(96)00156-2 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Cortical and striatal structure and connectivity are altered by neonatal hemidecortication in rats
Kolb, B. E., Gibb, R. L., & van der Kooy, D. (1992) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903220303 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Naus, C. C. G., Flumerfelt, B. A., & Hrycyshyn, A. W. (1985) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00230916 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Topography of corticopontine remodelling after cortical lesions in newborn rats
Kartje‐Tillotson, G., Neafsey, E. J., & Castro, A. J. (1986) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902500207 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
A low dielectric constant customized phantom design to measure RF coil nonuniformity
Tofts, P. S., Barker, G. J., Dean, T. L., Gallagher, H. L., Gregory, A. P., & Clarke, R. N. (1997) · Magnetic Resonance Imaging · doi:10.1016/s0730-725x(96)00220-2 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Antithrombotic treatments in acute ischemic stroke
del Zoppo, G. J. (2000) · Current Opinion in Hematology · doi:10.1097/00062752-200009000-00009 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Xh, Y., Moret, & Rouiller, E. M. (1995) · PubMed · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
2 of the 61 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Schwab, M. E. (2004) · Current Opinion in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.conb.2004.01.004 · Cited by 613 · see citing works
Self-citationRho kinase, a promising drug target for neurological disorders
Mueller, B. K., Mack, H., & Teusch, N. E. (2005) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1719 · Cited by 610 · see citing works
Axon Regeneration in the Peripheral and Central Nervous Systems
Huebner, E. A., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2009) · Results and problems in cell differentiation · doi:10.1007/400_2009_19 · Cited by 420 · see citing works
Nogo-A Inhibits Neurite Outgrowth and Cell Spreading with Three Discrete Regions
Oertle, T., van der Haar, M. E., Bandtlow, C. E., Robeva, A., Burfeind, P., Buss, A., Huber, A. B., Simonen, M., Schnell, L., Brösamle, C., et al. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-13-05393.2003 · Cited by 416 · see citing works
Self-citationNogo‐A antibody improves regeneration and locomotion of spinal cord–injured rats
Liebscher, T., Schnell, L., Schnell, D., Scholl, J., Schneider, R., Gullo, M., Fouad, K., Mir, A. K., Rausch, M., Kindler, D., et al. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20627 · Cited by 351 · see citing works
Self-citationNogo Receptor Antagonism Promotes Stroke Recovery by Enhancing Axonal Plasticity
Lee, J.-K., Kim, J., Sivula, M., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1643-04.2004 · Cited by 338 · see citing works
Hermann, D. M., & Chopp, M. (2012) · The Lancet Neurology · doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(12)70039-x · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Asynchronous therapy restores motor control by rewiring of the rat corticospinal tract after stroke
Wahl, A. S., Omlor, W., Rubio, J. C., Chen, J. L., Zheng, H., Schröter, A., Gullo, M., Weinmann, O., Kobayashi, K., Helmchen, F., et al. (2014) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1253050 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Self-citationAxon growth inhibition by RhoA/ROCK in the central nervous system
Fujita, Y., & Yamashita, T. (2014) · Frontiers in Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnins.2014.00338 · Cited by 271 · see citing works
Oertle, T., & Schwab, M. E. (2003) · Trends in Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s0962-8924(03)00035-7 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
Self-citationModulation of Neural Plasticity as a Basis for Stroke Rehabilitation
Pekna, M., Pekny, M., & Nilsson, M. (2012) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.112.654228 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Daadi, M. M., Davis, A. S., Arac, A., Li, Z., Maag Anne-Lise, D., Bhatnagar, R., Jiang, K., Sun, G.-H., Wu, J. C., & Steinberg, G. K. (2010) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.573691 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Sprouting, regeneration and circuit formation in the injured spinal cord: factors and activity
Maier, I. C., & Schwab, M. E. (2006) · Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rstb.2006.1890 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Self-citationAnti‐Nogo on the go: from animal models to a clinical trial
Zörner, B., & Schwab, M. E. (2010) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05566.x · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Self-citationGhosh, A., Sydekum, E., Haiss, F., Peduzzi, S., Zörner, B., Schneider, R., Baltes, C., Rudin, M., Weber, B., & Schwab, M. E. (2009) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1828-09.2009 · Cited by 182 · see citing works
Self-citationUpdate on the treatment of spinal cord injury
Baptiste, D. C., & Fehlings, M. G. (2007) · Progress in brain research · doi:10.1016/s0079-6123(06)61015-7 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Rewiring of the corticospinal tract in the adult rat after unilateral stroke and anti-Nogo-A therapy
Lindau, N. T., Bänninger, B. J., Gullo, M., Good, N., Bachmann, L. C., Starkey, M. L., & Schwab, M. E. (2013) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awt336 · Cited by 175 · see citing works
Self-citationAcute spinal cord injury: Pathophysiology and pharmacological intervention (Review)
Zhang, Y., Mamun, A. A., Yuan, Y., Lu, Q., Xiong, J., Yang, S., Wu, C., Wu, Y., & Wang, J. (2021) · Molecular Medicine Reports · doi:10.3892/mmr.2021.12056 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Buchli, A. D., & Schwab, M. E. (2005) · Annals of Medicine · doi:10.1080/07853890500407520 · Cited by 166 · see citing works
Self-citationImplications of vascular endothelial growth factor for postischemic neurovascular remodeling
Hermann, D. M., & Zechariah, A. (2009) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.100 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Reitmeir, R., Kilic, E., Kilic, Ü., Bacigaluppi, M., ElAli, A., Salani, G., Pluchino, S., Gassmann, M., & Hermann, D. M. (2011) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awq344 · Cited by 156 · see citing works
Brain plasticity in health and disease.
Johansson, B. (2004) · The Keio Journal of Medicine · doi:10.2302/kjm.53.231 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Regulation of intrinsic neuronal properties for axon growth and regeneration
Rossi, F., Gianola, S., & Corvetti, L. (2006) · Progress in Neurobiology · doi:10.1016/j.pneurobio.2006.12.001 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Recovery and brain reorganization after stroke in adult and aged rats
Markus, T. M., Tsai, S., Bollnow, M. R., Farrer, R. G., O'Brien, T. E., Kindler‐Baumann, D. R., Rausch, M., Rudin, M., Wiessner, C., Mir, A. K., et al. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20676 · Cited by 138 · see citing works
Self-citationPapadopoulos, C. M., Tsai, S., Cheatwood, J. L., Bollnow, M. R., Kolb, B. E., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2005) · Cerebral Cortex · doi:10.1093/cercor/bhi132 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citationSeymour, A. B., Andrews, E. M., Tsai, S., Markus, T. M., Bollnow, M. R., Brenneman, M. M., O’Brien, T. E., Castro, A. J., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2005) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600134 · Cited by 131 · see citing works
Self-citationXin, H., Liu, Z., Buller, B., Li, Y., Golembieski, W., Gan, X., Wang, F., Lü, M., Ali, M. M., Zhang, Z. G., et al. (2020) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1177/0271678x20950489 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Photochemically induced cerebral ischemia in a mouse model
Lee, J.-K., Park, M.-S., Kim, Y.-S., Moon, K., Joo, S.-P., Kim, T., Kim, J.-H., & Kim, S.-H. (2007) · Surgical Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.surneu.2006.08.077 · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Disinhibition of neurite growth to repair the injured adult CNS: Focusing on Nogo
Gonzenbach, R. R., & Schwab, M. E. (2007) · Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences · doi:10.1007/s00018-007-7170-3 · Cited by 125 · see citing works
Self-citationSoleman, S., Yip, P. K., Duricki, D. A., & Moon, L. D. F. (2012) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/aws027 · Cited by 123 · see citing works
Kwon, B. K., & Tetzlaff, W. (2001) · Spine · doi:10.1097/00007632-200112151-00003 · Cited by 116 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Li, Y., Zhang, X., Savant-Bhonsale, S., & Chopp, M. (2008) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.107.511659 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Nogo-A Expression After Focal Ischemic Stroke in the Adult Rat
Cheatwood, J. L., Emerick, A. J., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2008) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.107.507426 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationWahl, A.-S., & Schwab, M. E. (2014) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2014.00381 · Cited by 113 · see citing works
Self-citationTherapeutic effects of human adipose stem cell‐conditioned medium on stroke
Cho, Y. J., Song, H. S., Bhang, S., Lee, S., Kang, B. G., Lee, J. C., An, J., Ik, C., Nam, D., Kim, B., et al. (2012) · Journal of Neuroscience Research · doi:10.1002/jnr.23063 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Delayed anti-Nogo-A therapy improves function after chronic stroke in adult rats
Tsai, S.-Y., Papadopoulos, C. M., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2011) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.110.590083 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Self-citationMechanisms of hyperbaric oxygen and neuroprotection in stroke
Zhang, J. H., Lo, T., Mychaskiw, G., & Colohan, A. R. T. (2005) · Pathophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.pathophys.2005.01.003 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Young, W. (2014) · Cell Transplantation · doi:10.3727/096368914x678427 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Recovery from chronic spinal cord contusion after nogo receptor intervention
Wang, X., Duffy, P. J., McGee, A. W., Hasan, O., Gould, G., Tu, N. C.-Y., Harel, N. Y., Huang, Y. H., Carson, R. E., Weinzimmer, D. P., et al. (2011) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.22527 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Ishibashi, S., Kuroiwa, T., Sakaguchi, M., Sun, L., Kadoya, T., Okano, H., & Mizusawa, H. (2007) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2007.06.024 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Hurtado, O., Cardenas, A. J., Pradillo, J. M., Morales, J. R., Ortego, F., Sobrino, T., Castillo, J., Moro, M. Á., & Lizasoaín, I. (2007) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2006.12.005 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Nogo-A Stabilizes the Architecture of Hippocampal Neurons
Zagrebelsky, M., Schweigreiter, R., Bandtlow, C. E., Schwab, M. E., & Körte, M. (2010) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.1044-10.2010 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Self-citationWeinmann, O., Schnell, L., Ghosh, A., Montani, L., Wießner, C., Wannier, T., Rouiller, E. M., Mir, A. K., & Schwab, M. E. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2006.03.007 · Cited by 89 · see citing works
Self-citationCharacterization of Myelin Ligand Complexes with Neuronal Nogo-66 Receptor Family Members
Laurén, J., Hu, F., Chin, J., Liao, J., Airaksinen, M. S., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2006) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m609797200 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Emerick, A. J., Neafsey, E. J., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2003) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.23-12-04826.2003 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Self-citationTargets of the humoral autoimmune response in multiple sclerosis
Fraussen, J., Claes, N., Bock, L., & Somers, V. A. (2014) · Autoimmunity Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2014.07.002 · Cited by 84 · see citing works
Silencing Nogo‐A promotes functional recovery in demyelinating disease
Yang, Y., Liu, Y., Wei, P., Peng, H., Winger, R. C., Hussain, R. Z., Ben, L., Cravens, P. D., Gocke, A. R., Puttaparthi, K., et al. (2009) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.21935 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Targeting the Nogo Receptor to Treat Central Nervous System Injuries
Lee, D. H. S., Strittmatter, S., & Sah, D. (2003) · Nature reviews. Drug discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd1228 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Liu, Z., Zhang, R. L., Li, Y., Cui, Y., & Chopp, M. (2009) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.109.547265 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Role of Nogo-A in neuronal survival in the reperfused ischemic brain
Kilic, E., ElAli, A., Kilic, Ü., Guo, Z., Ugur, M., Uslu, U., Bassetti, C. L., Schwab, M. E., & Hermann, D. M. (2010) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/jcbfm.2009.268 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Self-citationReindl, M., Khantane, S., Ehling, R., Schanda, K., Lutterotti, A., Brinkhoff, C., Oertle, T., Schwab, M. E., Deisenhammer, F., Berger, T., et al. (2003) · Journal of Neuroimmunology · doi:10.1016/j.jneuroim.2003.09.010 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Self-citationTsai, S., Markus, T. M., Andrews, E. M., Cheatwood, J. L., Emerick, A. J., Mir, A. K., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2007) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/s00221-007-1067-0 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Self-citationZhou, C., Li, Y., Nanda, A., & Zhang, J. H. (2003) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.08.006 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
RetractedChoi, K., Kim, H.-S., Park, M., Kim, J., Kim, J., Cho, K.-A., Lee, M. C., Lee, H.-J., & Cho, K. (2016) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.116.013205 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Inosine promotes recovery of skilled motor function in a model of focal brain injury
Smith, J. M., Lunga, P., Story, D., Harris, N. G., Belle, J. E. L., James, M. F., Pickard, J. D., & Fawcett, J. W. (2006) · Brain · doi:10.1093/brain/awl393 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Reitmeir, R., Kilic, E., Reinboth, B. S., Guo, Z., ElAli, A., Zechariah, A., Kilic, Ü., & Hermann, D. M. (2012) · Acta Neuropathologica · doi:10.1007/s00401-011-0914-z · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Sprouting of Brainstem–Spinal Tracts in Response to Unilateral Motor Cortex Stroke in Mice
Bachmann, L. C., Lindau, N. T., Felder, P., & Schwab, M. E. (2014) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.4384-13.2014 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
Self-citationAnimal models of ischemic stroke and their impact on drug discovery
Hermann, D. M., Popa‐Wagner, A., Kleinschnitz, C., & Doeppner, T. R. (2019) · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · doi:10.1080/17460441.2019.1573984 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Schmandke, A., Schmandke, A., & Schwab, M. E. (2014) · The Neuroscientist · doi:10.1177/1073858413516800 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationReceptors for myelin inhibitors: Structures and therapeutic opportunities
Cao, Z., Gao, Y., Deng, K., Williams, G. H., Doherty, P., & Walsh, F. S. (2009) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2009.07.008 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Sigler, A., Mohajerani, M. H., & Murphy, T. H. (2009) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0812695106 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Neuronal Plasticity and Functional Recovery After Ischemic Stroke
Cheatwood, J. L., Emerick, A. J., & Kartje, G. L. (2008) · Topics in Stroke Rehabilitation · doi:10.1310/tsr1501-42 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Herz, J., Reitmeir, R., Hagen, S. I., Reinboth, B. S., Guo, Z., Zechariah, A., ElAli, A., Doeppner, T. R., Bacigaluppi, M., Pluchino, S., et al. (2012) · Neurobiology of Disease · doi:10.1016/j.nbd.2011.12.026 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Cognitive recovery in the aged rat after stroke and anti-Nogo-A immunotherapy
Gillani, R. L., Tsai, S.-Y., Wallace, D. G., O’Brien, T. E., Arhebamen, E., Tole, M., Schwab, M. E., & Kartje, G. L. (2010) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2009.12.015 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
Self-citationLenzlinger, P. M., Shimizu, S., Marklund, N., Thompson, H. J., Schwab, M., Saatman, K., Hoover, R., Bareyre, F., Motta, M., Luginbuhl, A., et al. (2005) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.04.048 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Self-citationHarris, N. G., Mironova, Y. A., Hovda, D. A., & Sutton, R. L. (2010) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2010.1470 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
The Involvement of the Myelin-Associated Inhibitors and Their Receptors in CNS Plasticity and Injury
Boghdadi, A. G., Teo, L., & Bourne, J. A. (2017) · Molecular Neurobiology · doi:10.1007/s12035-017-0433-6 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Bundled Three-Dimensional Human Axon Tracts Derived from Brain Organoids
Cullen, D. K., Gordián‐Vélez, W. J., Struzyna, L. A., Jgamadze, D., Lim, J. T., Wofford, K. L., Browne, K. D., & Chen, H.-C. I. (2019) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2019.10.004 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
ALLEGRINI, P. R., & Wießner, C. (2003) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.834 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
Self-citationMüllner, A., Gonzenbach, R. R., Weinmann, O., Schnell, L., Liebscher, T., & Schwab, M. E. (2008) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.06006.x · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Self-citationHu, F., Liu, B. P., Budel, S., Liao, J., Chin, J., Fournier, A. E., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2005) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5235-04.2005 · Cited by 57 · see citing works
Myelin—Associated Inhibitory Signaling and Strategies to Overcome Inhibition
Chaudhry, N., & Filbin, M. T. (2006) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600407 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
Herrera‐Marschitz, M., Morales, P., Leyton, L., Bustamante, D., Klawitter, V., Espina-Marchant, P., Allende-Castro, C., Lisboa, F., Cunich, G., Jara-Cavieres, A., et al. (2010) · Neurotoxicity Research · doi:10.1007/s12640-010-9208-9 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Emerick, A. J., & Kartje, G. L. (2004) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2003.10.010 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
VanGuilder, H. D., Bixler, G. V., Sonntag, W. E., & Freeman, W. M. (2012) · Journal of Neurochemistry · doi:10.1111/j.1471-4159.2012.07671.x · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Irving, E. A., Vinson, M. C., Rosin, C., Roberts, J. C., Chapman, D. M., Facci, L., Virley, D. J., Skaper, S. D., Burbidge, S. A., Walsh, F. S., et al. (2005) · Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism · doi:10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600011 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Axonal remodeling of the corticospinal tract during neurological recovery after stroke
Liu, Z., Xin, H., & Chopp, M. (2020) · Neural Regeneration Research · doi:10.4103/1673-5374.297060 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Wang, Q., Gou, X., Xiong, L., Jin, W., Chen, S., Hou, L., & Xu, L. (2008) · Anesthesiology · doi:10.1097/aln.0b013e318173f66b · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Marklund, N., Bareyre, F., Royo, N., Thompson, H., Mir, A., Grady, M., Schwab, M., & McIntosh, T. (2007) · Journal of Neurosurgery · doi:10.3171/jns-07/10/0844 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Self-citationExtracellular DNA—A Danger Signal Triggering Immunothrombosis
Shi, C., Yang, L., Braun, A., & Anders, H. (2020) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2020.568513 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Neurorepair versus Neuroprotection in Stroke
Hurtado, O., Pradillo, J. M., Alonso‐Escolano, D., Lorenzo, P., Sobrino, T., Castillo, J., Lizasoaín, I., & Moro, M. Á. (2006) · Cerebrovascular Diseases · doi:10.1159/000091704 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Therapeutic Antibodies in Stroke
Yu, C. Y., Ng, G., & Liao, P. H. (2013) · Translational Stroke Research · doi:10.1007/s12975-013-0281-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Craveiro, L. M., Hakkoum, D., Weinmann, O., Montani, L., Stoppini, L., & Schwab, M. E. (2008) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2008.06473.x · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Self-citationBaclofen facilitates sleep, neuroplasticity, and recovery after stroke in rats
Hodor, A., Palchykova, S., Baracchi, F., Noaín, D., & Bassetti, C. L. (2014) · Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology · doi:10.1002/acn3.115 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Targeting Neurite Growth Inhibitors to Induce CNS Regeneration
Kastin, A. J., & Pan, W. (2005) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/1381612053507440 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Komitova, M., Johansson, B. B., & Eriksson, P. S. (2006) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/j.expneurol.2006.03.010 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Berger, C., HIESTAND, P. C., Kindler, D., Rudin, M., & Rausch, M. (2006) · NMR in Biomedicine · doi:10.1002/nbm.1007 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Monkey Models of Recovery of Voluntary Hand Movement After Spinal Cord and Dorsal Root Injury
Darian‐Smith, C. (2007) · ILAR Journal · doi:10.1093/ilar.48.4.396 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Targeting cerebrovascular Rho-kinase in stroke
Shin, H. K., Salomone, S., & Ayata, C. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1517/14728220802539244 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Wang, X., Yiğitkanlı, K., Kim, C.-Y., Sekine-Konno, T., Wirak, D. O., Frieden, E., Bhargava, A., Maynard, G. A., Cafferty, W. B. J., & Strittmatter, S. M. (2014) · Journal of Neurotrauma · doi:10.1089/neu.2014.3355 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
Lima, R. R., Santana, L. N. S., Fernandes, R. M., do Nascimento, E. M., de Oliveira, A. C. A., Fernandes, L. M. P., dos Santos, E. M. N., Tavares, P. A. N., Santos, I. R., Santos, A. G., et al. (2016) · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · doi:10.1155/2016/3173564 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
Pekcec, A., Yiğitkanlı, K., Jung, J. E., Pallast, S., Xing, C., Antipenko, A., Minchenko, M., Nikolov, D. B., Holman, T. R., Lo, E. H., et al. (2012) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.12-206896 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
New perspectives for the treatment options in spinal cord injury
Sharma, H. S. (2008) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.9.16.2773 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Merkler, D., Oertle, T., Buss, A., Pinschewer, D. D., Schnell, L., Bareyre, F. M., Kerschensteiner, M., Buddeberg, B. S., & Schwab, M. E. (2003) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.02-1203fje · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Self-citationMoon, L. D. F., & Bunge, M. B. (2005) · Neurology Report · doi:10.1097/01.npt.0000282512.16964.94 · Cited by 35 · see citing works
Ejaz, S., Emmrich, J., Sawiak, S. J., Williamson, D. J., & Baron, J. (2015) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/strokeaha.114.007581 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Expression of Nogo-A and NgR in the developing rat brain after hypoxia–ischemia
Wang, H., Yao, Y., Jiang, X., Chen, D., Xiong, Y., & Mu, D. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.07.056 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Nogo–Nogo receptor signalling in PNS axon outgrowth and pathfinding
Brösamle, C., & Halpern, M. E. (2008) · Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.mcn.2008.10.009 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Petrásek, T., Prokopová, I., Bahník, Š., Schönig, K., Berger, S. M., Valeš, K., Tews, B., Schwab, M. E., Bartsch, D., & Stuchlı́k, A. (2013) · Neurobiology of Learning and Memory · doi:10.1016/j.nlm.2013.10.015 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Self-citationPiao, M.-S., Lee, J.-K., Park, C.-S., Ryu, H.-S., Kim, S.-H., & Kim, H.-S. (2009) · Acta Neurochirurgica · doi:10.1007/s00701-009-0431-1 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
- Authors
- Wiessner, C., Bareyre, F. M., Allegrini, P. R., Mir, A. K., Frentzel, S., Zurini, M., Schnell, L., Oertle, T., & Schwab, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Novartis (Switzerland) (CH)
- University of Zurich (CH)
- Venue
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2003-02
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 154-165
- ISSN
- 0271-678X (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2051058230
- Cited by
- 209
- References
- 61
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 14.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Stroke Rehabilitation and Recovery
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pathology and Forensic Medicine › Spinal Cord Injury Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nerve injury and regeneration
- Keywords
- Nogo-A, anti-Nogo-A antibody, ischemic stroke, corticospinal plasticity, middle cerebral artery occlusion, spontaneously hypertensive rats, stroke rehabilitation, spinal cord
- MeSH terms
- Nogo Proteins, Animals, Antibodies, Monoclonal, Arterial Occlusive Diseases, Behavior, Animal, Brain, Cerebral Arteries, Cerebral Infarction, Drug Administration Schedule, Hypertension, Injections, Intraventricular, Male, Myelin Proteins, Neuronal Plasticity, Pyramidal Tracts, Rats, Inbred F344, Rats, Inbred SHR, Tissue Distribution, Stroke, Rats
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
