Vagus nerve stimulation for intractable epilepsy: a review

McLachlan, Richard S.

doi:10.1097/00004691-199709000-00002

Cited by 89Vagus Nerve Stimulation ResearchEpilepsy research and treatmentNeurological disorders and treatments

Vagus nerve stimulation for intractable epilepsy: a review

McLachlan, Richard S.·1997·Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology

DOI 10.1097/00004691-199709000-00002

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Abstract

Electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve in the neck by using a programmable stimulator similar to a cardiac pacemaker is being explored as a treatment for epilepsy. There is sound rationale based on studies of animal seizure models for pursuing this treatment modality, and early clinical trials provide support for efficacy in patients with intractable epilepsy at least equivalent to that of some of the new antiepileptic drugs. Safety and tolerability have been demonstrated in >800 patients worldwide since the first implant in 1988. Most of these had partial seizures for which resective epilepsy surgery was not feasible or had failed, but efficacy of vagal stimulation appears to be the same for both partial and generalized epilepsy. Specific selection criteria for this procedure have yet to be established, and further studies are warranted to determine whether vagal stimulation becomes an accepted procedure for epilepsy management.

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Occasional fracture of the electrode wire has been reported for helicoidal electrodes.
“Occasional fracture of the electrode wire has been reported (McLachlan, 1997) .”
From A critical review of interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems (2005) · cites this paper as McLachlan, 1997
Helical electrodes are widely used for functional electrical stimulation of the vagus nerve for intractable epilepsy, sleep apnea, and depressive syndromes.
“Helical electrodes are widely used for FES of the vagus nerve, which has found therapeutical applications for the control of intractable epilepsy, sleep apnea, and treatment of depressive syndromes (McLachlan, 1997; Fisher and Handforth, 1999) .”
From A critical review of interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems (2005) · cites this paper as McLachlan, 1997
Postoperative infections after helicoidal electrode implants in vagus nerve patients occur in less than 3% of cases, and removal of the device is required in 1%.
“Postoperative infections after helicoidal electrode implants in vagus nerve patients occur in less than 3% of cases, requiring removal of the device in 1%.”
From A critical review of interfaces with the peripheral nervous system for the control of neuroprostheses and hybrid bionic systems (2005) · cites this paper as McLachlan, 1997
ENG electrodes have been successfully implemented clinically in non-neuroprosthetic applications such as bladder management, drop foot, vagal nerve stimulation, and auditory nerve stimulation.
“ENG-electrodes have been successfully implemented clinically in non-neuroprosthetic applications, such as bladder management (Jezernik et al., 2002), drop foot (Liberson, 1961), vagal nerve stimulation (McLachlan, 1997; Fisher and Handforth, 1999) and auditory nerve stimulation (Arts et al., 2003).”
From Update on Peripheral Nerve Electrodes for Closed-Loop Neuroprosthetics (2018) · cites this paper as McLachlan, 1997

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“, 2002), drop foot (Liberson, 1961), vagal nerve stimulation (McLachlan, 1997; Fisher andHandforth, 1999) and auditory nerve stimulation (Arts et al.”
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Authors: McLachlan, R. S.
Affiliations: Western University (CA)
Corresponding author: McLachlan, Richard S.
Venue: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1997-09
Volume: 14
Issue: 5
Pages: 358-368
ISSN: 0736-0258 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/00004691-199709000-00002
OpenAlex: W2070152530
Cited by: 89
References: 55
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 0.87
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Neurology › Vagus Nerve Stimulation Research
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Epilepsy research and treatment
Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
Keywords: vagus nerve stimulation, drug-resistant epilepsy, electrical brain stimulation, antiepileptic drugs, focal seizures, generalized epilepsy, seizure models, implantable stimulator, treatment selection criteria, safety and tolerability
MeSH terms: Adult, Animals, Child, Clinical Trials as Topic, Disease Models, Animal, Electroencephalography, Electric Stimulation Therapy, Epilepsy, Equipment Safety, Humans, Vagus Nerve, Prostheses and Implants

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Vagus nerve stimulation for intractable epilepsy: a review

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