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Hyperkinetic borderline hypertension in Tecumseh, Michigan
Abstract
Of 691 healthy (untreated) villagers of Tecumseh, Michigan (average age 32.6 years), 99 had a clinical blood pressure exceeding 140/90 mmHg. Thirty-seven per cent of these borderline hypertensives had increased heart rate, cardiac index, forearm blood flow and plasma norepinephrine. These subjects had elevated self-determined home blood pressure (average of 14 measurements). The present hyperkinetic borderlines had elevated blood pressure at 5, 8, 21 and 23 years of age and their parents also had higher blood pressure. The prevalence of high blood pressure in Tecumseh, its long history, elevated blood pressure readings outside the physician's office and family background of hypertension, suggests that the hyperkinetic state is a significant clinical condition. Previous studies on hospital-based populations proved that the hyperkinetic state is caused by an excessive autonomic drive. The association of the hyperkinetic state with elevated norepinephrine in this study suggests that a sympathetic hyperactivity is present in a large proportion of unselected subjects with mild blood pressure elevation.
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“In classic studies by Julius et al31, young subjects with hyperkinetic borderline hypertension, had increased heart rate which was frequently associated with an elevation in plasma norepinephrine.”
From The Sympathetic Nervous System Alterations in Human Hypertension (2015) · cites this paper as [31]
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BackgroundHigh Heart Rate Relates to Clustering of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in a Screened Cohort.
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Cagirci, G., Çay, S., Karakurt, Ö., ERYAŞAR, N. E., Açıkel, S., Doğan, M., Yeşilay, A. B., Kılıç, H., & Akdemir, R. (2009) · Blood Pressure · doi:10.1080/08037050902779441 · Cited by 27
Resting Heart Rate as a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in Hypertensive Patients: An Update
Palatini, P. (2020) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpaa187 · Cited by 30
Llabre, M. M., Klein, B., Saab, P. G., McCalla, J. R., & Schneiderman, N. (1998) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0503_3 · Cited by 27
“Our hypertensive group was rather mild and relatively young, so it may be that their responses are consistent with that initial hyperkinetie state described by Julius (1988) .”
ResultPalatini, P., Majahalme, S. K., Amerena, J. V., Nesbitt, S. D., Vriz, O., Michieletto, M., Krause, L. C., & Julius, S. (2000) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200018060-00016 · Cited by 27
Self-citationSchäfers, R. F., Nürnberger, J., Rütz, A., et al. (2001) · Pharmacogenetics · doi:10.1097/00008571-200108000-00001 · Cited by 27
Saladini, F., & Palatini, P. (2017) · High Blood Pressure & Cardiovascular Prevention · doi:10.1007/s40292-017-0199-y · Cited by 26
“One of the first authors who investigated the mechanisms leading to hypertension in young subjects was Stevo Julius in the USA [20].”
BackgroundAllen, A. M. (2011) · Current Opinion in Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.coph.2010.12.003 · Cited by 25
Light, K. C., Turner, J. R., Hinderliter, A. L., Girdler, S. S., & Sherwood, A. (1994) · International Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1207/s15327558ijbm0103_4 · Cited by 25
Prehypertension: Demographics, pathophysiology, and treatment
Izzo, J. L. (2007) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-007-0049-8 · Cited by 25
“The pathogenesis of prehypertension and sustained hypertension is thus becoming clearer (Fig. 1). The findings of TROPHY are entirely consistent with the early neurohumoral activation demonstrated in prehypertension in the Tecumseh Study [ 13 ].”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Julius, S., Krause, L., Schork, N. J., Mejia, A. D., Jones, K. A., van de Ven, C., Johnson, E. H., Sekkarie, M. A., Kjeldsen, S. E., Petrin, J., Schmouder, R., Gupta, R., Ferraro, J., Nazzaro, P., & Weissfeld, J.
- Affiliations
- University of Michigan (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Hypertension
- Published
- 1991-01
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 77-84
- ISSN
- 0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2151385266
- Cited by
- 248
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 5.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r37hl037464-10)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL-37464)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Keywords
- borderline hypertension, Tecumseh, Michigan, home blood pressure, norepinephrine, sympathetic hyperactivity, heart rate, cardiac index, forearm blood flow, family history of hypertension, autonomic nervous system, blood pressure prevalence
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Hemodynamics, Humans, Hyperkinesis, Hypertension, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Michigan, Norepinephrine, Population Surveillance, Risk Factors, Sympathetic Nervous System, Echocardiography, Doppler, Prevalence
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