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SOCIAL ADJUSTMENT BY SELF-REPORT IN A COMMUNITY SAMPLE AND IN PSYCHIATRIC OUTPATIENTS
Abstract
Data are presented on social functioning derived from a self-report social adjustment scale (SAS-SR) administered to 774 subjects including a community sample and three psychiatric outpatient populations: acute depressives, alcoholics, and schizophrenics. This self-report scale derives from an interview form and was developed and tested on depressed outpatients. Since its publication, it has been used in populations other than depressives including other psychiatric patients, nonpsychiatric patients, and nonpatients. The purpose of this paper is to make data available to other investigators on results of this self-report social adjustment scale in a broad range of subjects and to describe further the psychometric properties, limitations, and utility of the scale. Findings show that the scale has wide applicability in a range of subjects but that certain cautions should be followed in using it with chronically impaired psychiatric populations who may not be involved in the major roles assessed by the scale.
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“The SAS-SR is sensitive to change and has good convergent and discriminant validity.”
From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
In the citing paper
“The SAS-SR is sensitive to change and has good convergent and discriminant validity.”
From A Randomized Pilot Study of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy to Improve Social Support for Veterans with PTSD (2022) · cites this paper as [44]
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Self-citationBrief Psychotherapy in Family Practice
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“Finally, norms from a large community sample (Weissman et al. 1978) were available for the SAS-SR.”
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“slightly lower than some studies (Weissman et al. 1978)).”
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“1983), social functioning using the self-report Social Adjustment Scale (Weissman et al. 1978), and history of trauma and posttraumatic stress symptoms using the Modified PTSD Symptom Scale (Coffey et al.”
MethodTreatment of panic disorder with imipramine alone
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“Because respondents on the full Social Adjustment Self-Report complete only questions that are relevant to their particular social roles, internal reliability estimates for subsections have not typically been reported (Weissman, 1978; Weissman & Bothwell, 1976; Ro & Clark, 2009).”
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Persistent social maladjustment in bulimia: a 1-year follow-up
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Callahan, K. L., Price, J. L., & Hilsenroth, M. J. (2003) · Journal of Personality Assessment · doi:10.1207/s15327752jpa8002_06 · Cited by 59
Clinical and demographic features of mood disorder subtypes
Serretti, A., Mandelli, L., Lattuada, E., Cusin, C., & Smeraldi, E. (2002) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(02)00227-5 · Cited by 59
“, 1992) or worse than control levels (Weissman et al., 1971; Paykel and Weissman, 1973; Weissman and Bothwell, 1976; Paykel et al., 1978; Weissman et al., 1978; De Lisio et al., 1986; Serretti et al., 1999a) in mood disorders, and also described as equal (Dorz et al.”
BackgroundMethodGender Differences in Service Connection for PTSD
Murdoch, M., Hodges, J. S., Hunt, C., Cowper, D. C., Kressin, N. R., & OʼBrien, N. (2003) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/00005650-200308000-00008 · Cited by 60
Contextualizing Depression and Physical Functioning in Battered Women
Nurius, P. S., Macy, R. J., Bhuyan, R., Holt, V. L., Kernic, M. A., & Rivara, F. P. (2003) · Journal of Interpersonal Violence · doi:10.1177/0886260503258033 · Cited by 59
Fredman, L., Weissman, M. M., Leaf, P. J., & BRUCE, M. L. (1988) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/0165-0327(88)90077-8 · Cited by 59
Self-citationDysfunctional attitudes and the cognitive therapy for depression
Keller, K. E. (1983) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/bf01187171 · Cited by 59
Two year follow-up of bulimia nervosa: The importance of abstinence as the criterion of outcome
Maddocks, S. E., Kaplan, A. S., Woodside, D. B., Langdon, L., & Piran, N. (1992) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/1098-108x(199209)12:2 · Cited by 59
A follow-up study of thirty hospitalized bulimics.
Swift, W. J., Ritholz, M. D., Kalin, N. H., & Kaslow, N. J. (1987) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/00006842-198701000-00004 · Cited by 59
A pilot study of psychodynamic psychotherapy for adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse
Price, J. L., Hilsenroth, M. J., Callahan, K. L., Petretic-Jackson, P. A., & Bonge, D. R. (2004) · Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy · doi:10.1002/cpp.421 · Cited by 58
Clinical correlates of social adjustment in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder
Rosa, A. C. F., Diniz, J. B., Fossaluza, V., Torres, A. R., Fontenelle, L. F., de Mathis, A., do Rosário, M. C., Miguel, E. C., & Shavitt, R. G. (2012) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2012.05.019 · Cited by 58
“…psychiatrists and psychologists, experienced in evaluating OCD patients and trained in the application of the instruments employed: The Social Adjustment Scale (SAS)dThe SAS (Weissman et al., 1978) was translated into Portuguese and validated for use in Brazil by Gorenstein et al. (2002).”
MethodRo, E., & Clark, L. A. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0033620 · Cited by 67
“Thus, simply extrapolating the structure based on domain content (e.g., relationship and work factors) is not feasible, although measures are often organized along those lines for data-gathering purposes (e.g., Social Adjustment Self-Report Scale; Weissman, 1978).”
Spousal concordance for substance use and anxiety disorders
Low, N. C. P., Cui, L., & Merikangas, K. R. (2007) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2006.11.003 · Cited by 60
Monson, C. M., Macdonald, A., Vorstenbosch, V., Shnaider, P., Goldstein, E. S. R., Ferrier‐Auerbach, A. G., & Mocciola, K. E. (2012) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.21735 · Cited by 53
Metadata
- Authors
- WEISSMAN, M. M., PRUSOFF, B. A., THOMPSON, W. D., HARDING, P. S., & MYERS, J. K.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- ORCID
- WEISSMAN, MYRNA M.
- Venue
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease
- Published
- 1978-05
- Volume
- 166
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 317-326
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2080018656
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 2.29
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Applied Psychology › Psychological Testing and Assessment
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- social adaptation, self-report scale, social functioning, psychiatric outpatients, depression, alcoholism, schizophrenia, psychometric properties, scale applicability, role impairment, community sample
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Alcoholism, Ambulatory Care, Mental Disorders, Depression, Employment, Female, Humans, Interview, Psychological, Male, Middle Aged, Psychometrics, Schizophrenia, Sex Factors, Social Adjustment
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