An Adaptation of Brislin???s Translation Model for Cross-cultural Research
Abstract
Background The number of nurse scientists pursuing cross-cultural research using quantitative designs is increasing. Preparation of instruments that are conceptually and functionally appropriate in the language of the participants is a complex process that needs examination. Objectives Brislin's classic model for translation and validation of instruments for cross-cultural research is critiqued. Adaptations and extensions of that model are recommended. Methods Brislin's model guided tool preparation in a cross-cultural investigation. The process is described and lessons learned are outlined and discussed. Conclusions Steps toward a more efficient and valid approach to the preparation of instruments are suggested.
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Back-translation for cross-cultural research.
Brislin, R. W. (1970) · Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology · doi:10.1177/135910457000100301 · Cited by 14,091 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Jones, P. S., Lee, J. W., Phillips, L. R., Zhang, X. E., & Jaceldo, K. B.
- Affiliations
- Loma Linda University (US)
- University of Arizona (US)
- ORCID
- Lee, Jerry W.
- Venue
- Nursing Research
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 50
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 300-304
- ISSN
- 0029-6562 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2041205720
- Cited by
- 846
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 84 · 2024: 71 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 50 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 51 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 34 · 2017: 28 · 2016: 36 · 2015: 49 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 28 · 2012: 41
- FWCI
- 27.15
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (5r29nr003056-05)
- National Institute of Nursing Research (R29 NR03056)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Education › Health Education and Validation
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Cultural Competency in Health Care
- Keywords
- cross-cultural research, instrument translation, instrument validation, cross-cultural adaptation, nursing research instruments, translation and back-translation
- MeSH terms
- Asian, Cross-Cultural Comparison, Humans, Models, Psychological, Translating, Women, Reproducibility of Results, Nursing Methodology Research, Transcultural Nursing, Caregivers, Cultural Diversity, Multilingualism, Knowledge
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