Nonsurgical correction of congenital auricular deformities in children older than early neonates
Abstract
It has been reported that nonsurgical correction of auricular deformities is not effective except in early neonates. We have succeeded in nonsurgical correction using thermoplastic splints for congenital auricular deformities on 50 ears of 45 patients without severe hypoplasia in children older than 1 year. Details of the types of ears we attempted to treat were 26 cryptotias, 5 lop ears, 5 Stahl's ears, 3 prominent ears, 3 shell ears, and 8 other miscellaneous conditions. The patients were between 1 and 14 years of age with an average age of 3.6 years. Our results were categorized as follows: excellent (the auricle was delicately corrected into a desirable form and satisfied the patient), improved (the auricle was corrected into a rough form that did not attain to a desirable shape and an irregular form still remained; however, its improvement satisfied the patient), recurrent (the auricle was initially corrected but the deformity recurred), not improved (the auricle was not corrected to the desired form and the result did not satisfy the patient), and gave up (the patient gave up before treatment could be completed). In our results, the average period of splint application was 2.1 months. In 27 of the 50 cases, the treated ears were excellent. Eleven ear cases showed improvement. Six cases showed recurrence. Three cases did not improve. Three patients gave up treatment. It is suggested that nonsurgical auricular correction is possible in almost all children, even if they are not early neonates, when corrections are made continuously and gradually.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In Yotsuyanagi et al.'s report, children older than 3 years of age did not tolerate molding therapy well and had a relatively high recurrence rate (12%).
“however, children older than 3 years of age did not tolerate the molding therapy well and the recurrence rate was also relatively high (12%).”
From Correction of Congenital Auricular Deformities Using the Ear-Molding Technique (2016) · cites this paper as [12]
Yotsuyanagi et al. reported successful correction in patients up to 14 years of age.
“Yotsuyanagi et al. [12] reported successful correction in patients up to 14 years of age;”
From Correction of Congenital Auricular Deformities Using the Ear-Molding Technique (2016) · cites this paper as [12]
Some articles have concluded molding to be effective up until an older age, countering the theory that neonatal treatment is most effective.
“Some articles, however, have concluded molding to be effective up until an older age, countering this theory.47–51”
From Non-surgical Correction of Congenital Ear Anomalies: A Review of the Literature (2020) · cites this paper as [51]
Cites
Nonsurgical correction of congenital auricular deformities
Matsuoy, K., Hayashi, R., Kiyono, M., Hirose, T., & Netsu, Y. (1990) · Clinics in Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0094-1298(20)31252-9 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Non-surgical correction of a congenital lop ear deformity by splinting with Reston foam
Kurozumi, N., Ono, S., & Ishida, H. (1982) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/0007-1226(82)90160-6 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
A splint for correction of congenital ear deformities
Tan, S. T., Shibu, M., & Gault, D. T. (1994) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/0007-1226(94)90144-9 · Cited by 92 · see citing works
Muraoka, M., Nakai, Y., Sasaki, T., Ohashi, Y., Maruoka, K., & Furukawa, M. (1985) · The Laryngoscope · doi:10.1288/00005537-198502000-00008 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Natural appearance restored to the unduly prominent ear
STARK, R. B., & SAUNDERS, D. E. (1962) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/s0007-1226(62)80063-0 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Compressive plastic splint for postoperative management of the ear
Yotsuyanagi, T. (1993) · British Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1016/0007-1226(93)90120-z · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Self-citationExpanding oral plastic splint for burn patients
Yotsuyanagi, T., & Sawada, Y. (1993) · Burns · doi:10.1016/0305-4179(93)90035-7 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Self-citationA splint for nonsurgical correction of cryptotia
Matsuo, K., & Hirose, T. (1989) · European Journal of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.1007/bf02892690 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ear Molding in Newborn Infants with Auricular Deformities
Byrd, H. S., Langevin, C.-J., & Ghidoni, L. A. (2010) · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0b013e3181e617bb · Cited by 178 · see citing works
The Newborn Butterfly Project: A Shortened Treatment Protocol for Ear Molding
Doft, M. A., Goodkind, A. B., Diamond, S., DiPace, J. I., Kacker, A., & LaBruna, A. N. (2015) · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/prs.0000000000000999 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
van Wijk, M. P., Breugem, C. C., & Kon, M. (2009) · Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2009.01.020 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
Early nonsurgical correction of congenital auricular deformities.
Ullmann, Y., Blazer, S., Ramon, Y., Blumenfeld, I., & Peled, I. J. (2002) · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery · doi:10.1097/00006534-200203000-00013 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Nonsurgical correction of congenital ear abnormalities in the newborn: case series
Smith, W., Toye, J., Reid, A., & Smith, R. (2005) · Paediatrics & Child Health · doi:10.1093/pch/10.6.327 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Non-surgical correction of deformational auricular anomalies
Schonauer, F., La Rusca, I., & Molea, G. (2009) · Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2007.11.072 · Cited by 46 · see citing works
van Wijk, M. P., Breugem, C. C., & Kon, M. (2012) · Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.bjps.2011.08.021 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Correction of Congenital Auricular Deformities Using the Ear-Molding Technique
Woo, T., Kim, Y. S., Roh, T. S., Lew, D. H., & Yun, I. S. (2016) · Archives of Plastic Surgery · doi:10.5999/aps.2016.43.6.512 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
“Yotsuyanagi et al. [12] reported successful correction in patients up to 14 years of age; however, children older than 3 years of age did not tolerate the molding therapy well and the recurrence rate was also relatively high (12%).”
Deformations of the Ear and Their Nonsurgical Correction
Chang, C. S., & Bartlett, S. P. (2019) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/0009922819844296 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
A simplified nonsurgical method for the correction of neonatal deformational auricular anomalies.
Chang, C. S., & Bartlett, S. P. (2017) · Clinical Pediatrics · doi:10.1177/0009922816641368 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Non-surgical Correction of Congenital Ear Anomalies: A Review of the Literature
Feijen, M. M. W., van Cruchten, C., Payne, P. E., & van der Hulst, R. R. W. J. (2020) · Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery - Global Open · doi:10.1097/gox.0000000000003250 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Nigam, M., Kotha, V. S., Barra, C., & Baker, S. B. (2020) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000006473 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Public perception of helical rim deformities and their correction with ear molding.
Patel, V., Mazzaferro, D. M., Swanson, J. W., Taylor, J. A., & Bartlett, S. P. (2020) · Journal of Craniofacial Surgery · doi:10.1097/scs.0000000000006400 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Schratt, J., Kuegler, P., Binter, A., & Rab, M. (2020) · Handchirurgie · Mikrochirurgie · Plastische Chirurgie · doi:10.1055/a-0821-5813 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
- Authors
- Yotsuyanagi, T., Yokoi, K., Urushidate, S., & Sawada, Y.
- Affiliations
- Hirosaki University (JP)
- Venue
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery
- Published
- 1998-04
- Volume
- 101
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 907-914
- ISSN
- 0032-1052 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W4238223060
- Cited by
- 64
- References
- 8
- Citations by year
- 2025: 2 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 2 · 2013: 2
- FWCI
- 1.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Reconstructive Facial Surgery Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Genetics › Congenital Ear and Nasal Anomalies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Craniofacial Disorders and Treatments
- Keywords
- congenital auricular deformities, pediatric patients, ear deformity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
