The DOI matches its Crossref record; 88 of the 89 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Why blockade of the renin–angiotensin system reduces the incidence of new-onset diabetes
Abstract
Recent trials have suggested that inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), such as angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), may reduce the incidence of new-onset diabetes in patients with or without hypertension and at high risk of developing diabetes. In this review, we critically evaluate the evidence from recent clinical trials for such a potential preventive effect of ACE inhibitors and ARBs, including a meta-analysis of these recent trials. The reduced incidence of diabetes in patients at high risk of developing diabetes by ACE inhibitors or ARBs has been explained by haemodynamic effects, such as improved delivery of insulin and glucose to the peripheral skeletal muscle, and non-haemodynamic effects, including direct effects on glucose transport and insulin signalling pathways, all of which decrease insulin resistance. There is now evidence that the pancreas may contain an in situ active RAS, which appears to be upregulated in an animal model of type 2 diabetes. Thus, ACE inhibitors and ARBs may act by attenuating the deleterious effect of angiotensin II on vasoconstriction, fibrosis, inflammation, apoptosis and beta-cell death in the pancreas, thereby protecting a critical beta-cell mass essential for insulin production. New evidence is presented that ACE inhibitors and ARBs may delay or prevent the development of insulin resistance and diabetes, for which novel mechanisms are suggested. The actions of agents that interrupt the RAS on insulin resistance, obesity and diabetes warrant further investigation in other animal models. Prospective clinical studies with the primary endpoint of the prevention of diabetes are now indicated to (i) further explore whether the inhibitors of the RAS are superior compared to other antihypertensive agents such as calcium channel blockers (CCBs) and (ii) to evaluate the potential beneficial effects of combination antihypertensive regimens on the development of diabetes.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Although lowering BP is of paramount importance, studies suggest that antagonizing the RAAS system has special significance in obese patients.168,169”
From Obesity‐Related Hypertension: Pathogenesis, Cardiovascular Risk, and Treatment: A Position Paper of The Obesity Society and the American Society of Hypertension (2013) · cites this paper as [168]
In the citing paper
“In contrast, regimens based on RAAS inhibition are associated with significantly fewer cases of new diabetes.168,170,171”
From Obesity‐Related Hypertension: Pathogenesis, Cardiovascular Risk, and Treatment: A Position Paper of The Obesity Society and the American Society of Hypertension (2013) · cites this paper as [168]
Citations
Cites
Chobanian, A. V. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.19.2560 · Cited by 25,386
The ALLHAT Officers and Coordinators for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group (2002) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.288.23.2981 · Cited by 5,664
Dahlöf, B., Devereux, R. B., Kjeldsen, S. E., Julius, S., Beevers, G., de Faire, U., Fyhrquist, F., Ibsen, H., Kristiansson, K., Lederballe-Pedersen, O., et al. (2002) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(02)08089-3 · Cited by 5,407
DeFronzo, R. A., & Ferrannini, E. (1991) · Diabetes Care · doi:10.2337/diacare.14.3.173 · Cited by 4,555
Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Griendling, K. K., Minieri, C. A., Ollerenshaw, J. D., & Alexander, R. W. (1994) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/01.res.74.6.1141 · Cited by 2,735
McMurray, J. J., Östergren, J., Swedberg, K., Granger, C. B., Held, P., Michelson, E. L., Olofsson, B., Yusuf, S., & Pfeffer, M. A. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14283-3 · Cited by 2,604
Hansson, L., Lindholm, L. H., NISKANEN, L. K., Lanke, J., Hedner, T., Niklason, A., LUOMANMÄKI, K., Dahlöf, B., Fairé, U. D., Mörlin, C., et al. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(98)05012-0 · Cited by 1,991
Pfeffer, M. A., Swedberg, K. B., Granger, C. B., Held, P., McMurray, J. J. V., Michelson, E. L., Olofsson, B., Östergren, J., & Yusuf, S. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14282-1 · Cited by 1,895
Stearne, M. R., Palmer, S. L., Hammersley, M. S., Franklin, S. L., Spivey, R. S., Lévy, J., Tidy, C. R., Bell, N. J., Steemson, J., Barrow, B., et al. (1998) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.317.7160.713 · Cited by 1,789
Hansson, L., Lindholm, L. H., Ekbom, T., Dahlöf, B., Lanke, J., Scherstén, B., Wester, P.-O., Hedner, T., & Fairé, U. D. (1999) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(99)10327-1 · Cited by 1,442
Stearne, M. R., Palmer, S. L., Hammersley, M. S., Franklin, S. L., Spivey, R. S., Lévy, J., Tidy, C. R., Bell, N. J., Steemson, J., Barrow, B. A., et al. (1998) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 1,406
Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease
Sowers, J. R., Epstein, M., & Frohlich, E. D. (2001) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.37.4.1053 · Cited by 1,344
Pepine, C. J., Handberg, E. M., Cooper‐DeHoff, R. M., Marks, R. G., Kowey, P. R., Messerli, F. H., Mancia, G., Cangiano, J. L., García-Barreto, D., Keltai, M., et al. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.290.21.2805 · Cited by 1,278
Brown, M. J., Palmer, C. R., Castaigne, A., de Leeuw, P. W., Mancia, G., Rosenthal, T., & Ruilope, L. M. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02527-7 · Cited by 1,206
Hypertension and Antihypertensive Therapy as Risk Factors for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Gress, T. W., Nieto, F. J., Shahar, E., Wofford, M. R., & Brancati, F. L. (2000) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm200003303421301 · Cited by 1,202
Wing, L. M. H., Reid, C. M., Ryan, P., Beilin, L. J., Brown, M. A., Jennings, G. L. R., Johnston, C. I., McNeil, J. J., Macdonald, G. J., Marley, J. E., et al. (2003) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa021716 · Cited by 1,130
Self-citationMcMurray, J. J. V., Östergren, J., Swedberg, K. B., Granger, C. B., Held, P., Michelson, E. L., Olofsson, B., Yusuf, S., & Pfeffer (2003) · The Lancet · Cited by 1,043
Hansson, L., Hedner, T., Lund‐Johansen, P., Kjeldsen, S. E., Lindholm, L. H., Syvertsen, J. O., Lanke, J., Fairé, U. D., Dahlöf, B., & Karlberg, B. E. (2000) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)02526-5 · Cited by 903
Glucose Toxicity in β-Cells: Type 2 Diabetes, Good Radicals Gone Bad, and the Glutathione Connection
Robertson, R. P., Harmon, J., Tran, P. O., Tanaka, Y., & Takahashi, H. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.3.581 · Cited by 897
Pollare, T., Lithell, H., & Berne, C. (1989) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejm198909283211305 · Cited by 851
Ramipril and the Development of Diabetes
Yusuf, S. (2001) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.286.15.1882 · Cited by 541
Adverse Prognostic Significance of New Diabetes in Treated Hypertensive Subjects
Verdecchia, P., Reboldi, G., Angeli, F., Borgioni, C., Gattobigio, R., Filippucci, L., Norgiolini, S., Bracco, C., & Porcellati, C. (2004) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000125726.92964.ab · Cited by 510
Comparative Effects of Ramipril on Ambulatory and Office Blood Pressures
Svensson, P., Fairé, U. D., Sleight, P., Yusuf, S., & Östergren, J. (2001) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hy1101.099502 · Cited by 490
Islet amyloid: a long-recognized but underappreciated pathological feature of type 2 diabetes.
Kahn, S. E., Andrikopoulos, S., & Verchere, C. B. (1999) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.2.241 · Cited by 488
Risk of new-onset diabetes in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study
Lindholm, L. H., Ibsen, H., Borch-Johnsen, K., Olsen, M. H., Wachtell, K., Dahlöf, B., Devereux, R. B., Beevers, G., de Faire, U., Fyhrquist, F., et al. (2002) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200209000-00035 · Cited by 392
Oxidative stress and nitric oxide synthase in rat diabetic nephropathy: Effects of ACEI and ARB
Onozato, M. L., Tojo, A., Goto, A., Fujita, T., & Wilcox, C. S. (2002) · Kidney International · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.2002.00123.x · Cited by 374
Metabolic outcome during 1 year in newly detected hypertensives
Lindholm, L. H., Persson, M., Alaupovic, P., Carlberg, B., Svensson, A., & Samuelsson, O. G. (2003) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200308000-00022 · Cited by 353
Jones, D. W., & Hall, J. E. (2003) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000110061.06674.ca · Cited by 309
Lindholm, L. H., Persson, M., Alaupovic, P., Carlberg, B., Svensson, A., & Samuelsson, O. G. (2003) · PubMed · doi:10.1097/01.hjh.0000084723.53355.76 · Cited by 308
Angiotensin II and the endocrine pancreas: effects on islet blood flow and insulin secretion in rats
Carlsson, P., Berne, C., & Jansson, L. E. (1998) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250050880 · Cited by 305
Fox, K. M. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)14974-4 · Cited by 297
Selective Angiotensin II Receptor Antagonism Reduces Insulin Resistance in Obese Zucker Rats
Henriksen, E. J., Jacob, S., Kinnick, T. R., Teachey, M. K., & Krekler, M. (2001) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hy1101.092970 · Cited by 293
Improved Islet Morphology after Blockade of the Renin- Angiotensin System in the ZDF Rat
Tikellis, C., Wookey, P. J., Candido, R., Andrikopoulos, S., Thomas, M. C., & Cooper, M. E. (2004) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.53.4.989 · Cited by 285
Self-citationForbes, J. M., Cooper, M. E., Thallas, V., Burns, W. C., Thomas, M. C., Brammar, G. C., Lee, F., Grant, S. L., Burrell, L. M., Jerums, G., et al. (2002) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.11.3274 · Cited by 278
Self-citationVermes, E., Ducharme, A., Bourassa, M. G., Lessard, M., White, M., & Tardif, J.-C. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000054611.89228.92 · Cited by 248
McFarlane, S. I., Kumar, A., & Sowers, J. R. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00432-6 · Cited by 246
Pancreatic β-Cells Express Phagocyte-Like NAD(P)H Oxidase
Oliveira, H. R., Verlengia, R., Carvalho, C. R. D. O., Britto, L. R., Curi, R., & Carpinelli, Â. R. (2003) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.6.1457 · Cited by 186
Cai, H. “., Li, Z., Dikalov, S., Holland, S. M., Hwang, J., Jo, H., Dudley, S. C., & Harrison, D. G. (2002) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m208884200 · Cited by 182
Gilbert, R. E., Kelly, D. J., Cox, A. J., Wilkinson‐Berka, J. L., Rumble, J. R., Osicka, T. M., Panagiotopoulos, S., Lee, V. W., Hendrich, E., Jerums, G., et al. (2000) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s001250051539 · Cited by 179
Self-citationFrom the hope to the ontarget and the transcend studies: challenges in improving prognosis
Yusuf, S. (2002) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(01)02323-2 · Cited by 169
The tissue renin-angiotensin system in human pancreas
Tahmasebi, M., Puddefoot, Inwang, E., & Vinson, G. P. (1999) · Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1677/joe.0.1610317 · Cited by 153
Jauch, K. ‐., Hartl, W. H., Guenther, B., WICKLMAYR, M., Kristian, R. E. T. T., & Dietze, G. (1987) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1987.tb01141.x · Cited by 140
Crosstalk between insulin and angiotensin II signalling systems
Folli, F. B., Saad, M. J. A., Velloso, L. A., Hansen, H. F., Carandente, O., Feener, E. P., & Kahn, C. R. (2009) · Experimental and Clinical Endocrinology & Diabetes · doi:10.1055/s-0029-1212088 · Cited by 139
Antihypertensive treatment in patients with type-2 diabetes mellitus
Zanchetti, A., & Ruilope, L. M. (2002) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200211000-00001 · Cited by 133
ACE inhibition improves insulin-sensitivity in aged insulin-resistant hypertensive patients.
Paolisso, G., Gambardella, A., Verza, M., D’Amore, A., Sgambato, S., & Varricchio, M. T. (1992) · PubMed · Cited by 125
Ferrannini, E., Gastaldelli, A., Miyazaki, Y., Matsuda, M., Pettiti, M., Natali, A., Mari, A., & DeFronzo, R. A. (2003) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/s00125-003-1169-6 · Cited by 123
Kuno, A., Yamada, T., Masuda, K., Ogawa, K., Sogawa, M., Nakamura, S., Nakazawa, T., Ohara, H., Nomura, T., Joh, T., et al. (2003) · Gastroenterology · doi:10.1053/gast.2003.50147 · Cited by 122
Obesity-associated activation of angiotensin and endothelin in the cardiovascular system
Barton, M., Carmona, R., Ortmann, J., Krieger, J. E., & Traupe, T. (2003) · The International Journal of Biochemistry & Cell Biology · doi:10.1016/s1357-2725(02)00307-2 · Cited by 113
Torlone, E., Rambotti, A. M., Perriello, G., Botta, G., Santeusanio, F., Brunetti, P., & Bolli, G. B. (1991) · Diabetologia · doi:10.1007/bf00500383 · Cited by 113
Jandeleit-Dahm, K. A. M., & Cooper, M. E. (2002) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00041552-200203000-00014 · Cited by 107
Self-citationNiklason, A., Hedner, T., NISKANEN, L. K., & Lanke, J. (2004) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00004872-200403000-00029 · Cited by 91
Gerstein, H. C. (2002) · Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews · doi:10.1002/dmrr.285 · Cited by 89
Ramipril treatment suppresses islet fibrosis in Otsuka Long–Evans Tokushima fatty rats
Ko, S., Kwon, H., Kim, S., Moon, S. D., Ahn, Y., Song, K., Son, H.-S., Cha, B., Lee, K., Son, H., et al. (2004) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2004.02.023 · Cited by 87
Kristian, R. E. T. T., WICKLMAYR, M., Dietze, G., & Häring, H.-U. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.1.s66 · Cited by 84
Gilbert, R. E., Wilkinson‐Berka, J. L., Johnson, D. W., Cox, A. J., Soulis, T., Wu, L. L., Kelly, D. J., Jerums, G., Pollock, C. A., & Cooper, M. E. (1998) · Kidney International · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.1998.00081.x · Cited by 79
Self-citationLender, D. (1999) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(98)00259-3 · Cited by 79
Miyata, T., Taguchi, T., Uehara, M., Isami, S., Kishikawa, H., Kaneko, K. B., Araki, E., & Shichiri, M. (1998) · European Journal of Endocrinology · doi:10.1530/eje.0.1380344 · Cited by 78
Optimizing Treatment of Hypertension in Patients With Diabetes
Cooper, M. E. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.283.24.3177 · Cited by 71
Self-citationEffects of trandolapril and verapamil on glucose transport in insulin-resistant rat skeletal muscle
Jacob, S., Henriksen, E. J., Fogt, D. L., & Dietze, G. (1996) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(96)90021-9 · Cited by 69
Tikellis, C., Cooper, M. E., Twigg, S. M., Burns, W. C., & Tolcos, M. (2003) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/en.2003-0967 · Cited by 66
Self-citationPotential Role of Bradykinin in Forearm Muscle Metabolism in Humans
Dietze, G., WICKLMAYR, M., Kristian, R. E. T. T., Jacob, S., & Henriksen, E. J. (1996) · Diabetes · doi:10.2337/diab.45.1.s110 · Cited by 63
Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and modulation of skeletal muscle insulin resistance
Henriksen, E. J., & Jacob, S. (2003) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1046/j.1463-1326.2003.00265.x · Cited by 61
Thamer, M., Ray, N. F., & Taylor, T. (1999) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/s0149-2918(99)80039-3 · Cited by 58
Preventing Type II Diabetes Mellitus
Prisant, L. M. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology · doi:10.1177/0091270004263018 · Cited by 58
Ponte, D. B. D., Fogt, D. L., Jacob, S., & Henriksen, E. J. (1998) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90355-9 · Cited by 52
The ongoing telmisartan alone and in combination with ramipril global endpoint trial program
Unger, T. (2003) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/s0002-9149(03)00230-3 · Cited by 51
Higashiura, K., Ura, N., Miyazaki, Y., & Shimamoto, K. (1999) · Journal of Human Hypertension · doi:10.1038/sj.jhh.1000748 · Cited by 50
Reaven, G. M., Clinkingbeard, C., Jeppesen, J., Maheux, P., Pei, D., FOOTE, J., Hollenbeck, C. B., & Chen, Y. I. (1995) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/0895-7061(95)00055-t · Cited by 48
Nitric oxide release in rat skeletal muscle capillary
Mitchell, D. J., & Tyml, K. (1996) · American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpheart.1996.270.5.h1696 · Cited by 43
Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Hypertensive Dyslipidemic Patients Treated with Enalapril or Atenolol
Morel, Y., Gadient, A., Keller, U., Vadas, L., & Golay, A. (1995) · Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology · doi:10.1097/00005344-199508000-00017 · Cited by 42
Angiotensin in atherosclerosis
Kon, V., & Jabs, K. L. (2004) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/00041552-200405000-00005 · Cited by 42
Shamiss, A., CARROLL, J., Peleg, E., Grossman, E., & Rosenthal, T. (1995) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/0895-7061(94)00181-a · Cited by 41
Petrie, J. R., Morris, A. D., Ueda, S., SMALL, M. P., Donnelly, R., Connell, J., & Elliott, H. L. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jcem.85.5.6599 · Cited by 35
Metabolic issues in the antihypertensive and lipid-lowering heart attack trial study
Punzi, H. A., & Punzi, C. F. (2004) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-004-0084-7 · Cited by 34
Heinemann, L., Heise, T., Ampudia‐Blasco, F. J., Sawicki, P. T., Šindelka, G., BRUNNER, G., & Starke, A. A. R. (1995) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1995.tb01751.x · Cited by 29
The effect of angiotensin‐l converting enzyme inhibition on insulin action in healthy volunteers
Gans, R. O. B., Bilo, H. J. G., Nauta, J. J. P., Popp‐Snijders, C., Heine, R. J., & Donker, A. J. M. (1991) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.1991.tb01405.x · Cited by 28
Role of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition in glucose metabolism and renal injury in diabetes
Velasquez, M. T., Bhathena, S. J., Striffler, J. S., Thibault, N., & Scalbert, E. (1998) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90363-8 · Cited by 25
Normalization of Insulin Resistance in Non-Obese Essential Hypertension by Cilazapril Treatment
Suzuki, M., Ikebuchi, M., Yokota, C., Shinozaki, K., & Harano, Y. (1995) · Clinical and Experimental Hypertension · doi:10.3109/10641969509037407 · Cited by 25
When Does New Onset Diabetes Resulting From Antihypertensive Therapy Increase Cardiovascular Risk
Bakris, G. L., & Sowers, J. R. (2004) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/01.hyp.0000125727.92964.e2 · Cited by 23
Miyata, T. (2002) · PubMed · Cited by 22
Reid, C. M. (2003) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1016/s0895-7061(03)00110-9 · Cited by 20
Self-citationShieh, S.-M., Sheu, W. H., Shen, D. D.-C., Fuh, M. M.-T., Jeng, C.-Y., Jeng, J. R., Chen, Y. I., & Reaven, G. M. (1992) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/5.8.506 · Cited by 20
Heise, T., Heinemann, L., Kristahn, K., Berger, M., & Sawicki, P. T. (1999) · Hormone and Metabolic Research · doi:10.1055/s-2007-978766 · Cited by 18
Petrie, J. R. (2000) · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1210/jc.85.5.1882 · Cited by 17
Alberti (1998) · doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-9136(199807)15:7
Research works printed but not linked: 3
- 2000, Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators., Lancet, 355, 253
- 1999, National Intervention Cooperative Study in Elderly Hypertensives Study Group., Hypertension, 34, 1129
- 1997, Diabetes C, are, 20, 1183
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Incident diabetes in clinical trials of antihypertensive drugs: a network meta-analysis
Elliott, W. J., & Meyer, P. M. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60108-1 · Cited by 1,016
Morbidity and Mortality After Stroke, Eprosartan Compared With Nitrendipine for Secondary Prevention
Schrader, J., Lüders, S., Kulschewski, A., Hammersen, F., Plate, K., Berger, J., Zidek, W., Dominiak, P., Diener, H., & the MOSES Study Group (2005) · Stroke · doi:10.1161/01.str.0000166048.35740.a9 · Cited by 766
Targeting inflammation in the treatment of type 2 diabetes: time to start
Donath, M. Y. (2014) · Nature Reviews Drug Discovery · doi:10.1038/nrd4275 · Cited by 690
Effect of valsartan on the incidence of diabetes and cardiovascular events
(2010) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1001121 · Cited by 660
Renin-angiotensin system and cardiovascular risk
Schmieder, R. E., Hilgers, K. F., Schlaich, M. P., & Schmidt, B. M. W. (2007) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(07)60242-6 · Cited by 675
Metadata
- Authors
- Jandeleit-Dahm, K. A., Tikellis, C., Reid, C. M., Johnston, C. I., & Cooper, M. E.
- Affiliations
- Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute (AU)
- Venue
- Journal of Hypertension
- Published
- 2005-03
- Volume
- 23
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 463-473
- ISSN
- 0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2048359273
- Cited by
- 293
- References
- 89
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 3 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 17
- FWCI
- 6.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Hypertension (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Keywords
- renin-angiotensin system, ACE inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, type 2 diabetes prevention, new-onset diabetes, insulin resistance, beta-cell death, angiotensin II, hypertension, obesity, antihypertensive drugs, calcium channel blockers, combination antihypertensive therapy
- MeSH terms
- Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Humans, Hypertension, Renin-Angiotensin System, Incidence, Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review