Angiotensin II stimulates NADH and NADPH oxidase activity in cultured vascular smooth muscle cells.
Open accessAbstract
The signaling pathways involved in the long-term metabolic effects of angiotensin II (Ang II) in vascular smooth muscle cells are incompletely understood but include the generation of molecules likely to affect oxidase activity. We examined the ability of Ang II to stimulate superoxide anion formation and investigated the identity of the oxidases responsible for its production. Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells with Ang II for 4 to 6 hours caused a 2.7 +/- 0.4-fold increase in intracellular superoxide anion formation as detected by lucigenin assay. This superoxide appeared to result from activation of both the NADPH and NADH oxidases. NADPH oxidase activity increased from 3.23 +/- 0.61 to 11.80 +/- 1.72 nmol O2-/min per milligram protein after 4 hours of Ang II, whereas NADH oxidase activity increased from 16.76 +/- 2.13 to 45.00 +/- 4.57 nmol O2-/min per milligram protein. The NADPH oxidase activity was stimulated by exogenous phosphatidic and arachidonic acids and was partially inhibited by the specific inhibitor diphenylene iodinium. NADH oxidase activity was increased by arachidonic and linoleic acids, was insensitive to exogenous phosphatidic acid, and was inhibited by high concentrations of quinacrine. Both of these oxidases appear to reside in the plasma membrane, on the basis of migration of the activity after cellular fractionation and their apparent insensitivity to the mitochondrial poison KCN. These observations suggest that Ang II specifically activates enzyme systems that promote superoxide generation and raise the possibility that these pathways function as second messengers for long-term responses, such as hypertrophy or hyperplasia.
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NOX2 expression has been reported in other cell types including endothelial cells and adventitial fibroblasts.
“NOX2 expression has been also reported in other cell types including endothelial cells and adventitial fibroblasts (376, 382, 657, 714, 715, 736, 876) (FIGURE 9, Table 5).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [382]
NOX1 expression is activated by several factors including angiotensin II, PDGF, and thrombin.
“NOX1 expression is activated by several factors including angiotensin II, PDGF, and thrombin (382, 492, 630, 695, 999).”
From Sources of Vascular Nitric Oxide and Reactive Oxygen Species and Their Regulation (2019) · cites this paper as [382]
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- Authors
- Griendling, K. K., Minieri, C. A., Ollerenshaw, J. D., & Alexander, R. W.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- ORCID
- Griendling, K K
- Venue
- Circulation Research
- Published
- 1994-06
- Volume
- 74
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1141-1148
- ISSN
- 0009-7330 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4571
- OpenAlex
- W2110182057
- Cited by
- 2,735
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 32 · 2022: 48 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 52 · 2019: 50 · 2018: 55 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 63 · 2014: 91 · 2013: 97 · 2012: 101
- FWCI
- 17.87
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL38206)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Nitric Oxide and Endothelin Effects
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Renin-Angiotensin System Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Redox biology and oxidative stress
- Keywords
- angiotensin II, NADPH oxidase, NADH oxidase, superoxide, vascular smooth muscle cells, oxidase activation, phosphatidic acid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, quinacrine, plasma membrane enzymes, second messengers, cell hypertrophy, cell hyperplasia
- MeSH terms
- Acridines, Angiotensin II, Animals, Cells, Cultured, Hypertrophy, Multienzyme Complexes, Muscle, Smooth, Vascular, NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases, Superoxides, NADPH Oxidases, Rats
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