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Blood pressure and the global burden of disease 2000. Part 1: Estimates of blood pressure levels

Lawes, Carlene MM, Hoorn, Stephen Vander, Law, Malcolm R, Elliott, Paul, MacMahon, Stephen, Rodgers, Anthony·2006·Journal of Hypertension
DOI 10.1097/01.hjh.0000199801.72563.6f
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To provide global estimates of blood pressure by age and sex for adults aged > or = 30 years, by WHO subregion. DESIGN AND METHODS: Data were obtained from studies identified in a literature review of population-based surveys. These were complemented by data from MONICA and INTERSALT studies. Estimates of the shape of the age-systolic blood pressure (SBP) association were made from survey data utilizing parametric and non-parametric analyses. A linear sex-specific association of SBP with age was demonstrated from 30 to 70 years in females and 20 to 70 years for males in each subregion. Mean age- and sex-specific estimates of SBP were estimated for each WHO subregion separately, based on study and country-weighted SBP data. RESULTS: Analyses were based on data from about 230 surveys and over 660 000 participants. Age-specific mean SBP values ranged from 114 to 164 mmHg for females, and 117-153 mmHg for males. Females typically had lower SBP levels than males in the 30-44-year age groups, but in all subregions, SBP levels rose more steeply with age for females than males. Therefore, SBP levels in those aged > or = 60 years tended to be higher in females. Subregions with consistently high mean SBP levels included parts of eastern Europe and Africa. Mean SBP levels were lowest in south-east Asia and parts of the western Pacific. CONCLUSIONS: These global estimates of blood pressure by age, sex and subregion show considerable variation in estimated levels. The lack of data in developing countries is substantial, and this is an important limitation given the role of blood pressure in increasing cardiovascular disease levels.

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Cited by

See all 160

Metadata

Authors
Lawes, C. M., Hoorn, S. V., Law, M. R., Elliott, P., MacMahon, S., & Rodgers, A.
Venue
Journal of Hypertension
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2006-03
Volume
24
Issue
3
Pages
413-422
ISSN
0263-6352 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/01.hjh.0000199801.72563.6f
OpenAlex
W1964467403
Cited by
160
References
6
FWCI
10.72
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

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How to cite

Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Blood pressure and the global burden of disease 2000. Part 1: Estimates of blood pressure levels. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/01.hjh.0000199801.72563.6f
The paper
Lawes, C. M., Hoorn, S. V., Law, M. R., Elliott, P., MacMahon, S., & Rodgers, A. (2006). Blood pressure and the global burden of disease 2000. Part 1: Estimates of blood pressure levels. Journal of Hypertension. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.hjh.0000199801.72563.6f

Data sources

Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.

Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).

Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.