Cited by 114Suicide and Self-Harm StudiesPsychological and Temporal Perspectives ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Future Orientation and Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Depressed Adults Ages 50 and Over

Hirsch, Jameson K., Duberstein, Paul R., Conner, Kenneth R., Heisel, Marnin J., Beckman, Anthony, Franus, Nathan, Conwell, Yeates·2006·The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry

DOI 10.1097/01.jgp.0000209219.06017.62

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Abstract

Objective The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that future orientation is associated with lower levels of suicide ideation and lower likelihood of suicide attempt in a sample of patients in treatment for major depression.Methods Two hundred two participants (116 female, 57%) ages 50-88 years were recruited from inpatient and outpatient settings. All were diagnosed with major depression using a structured diagnostic interview. Suicide ideation was assessed with the Scale for Suicide Ideation (both current and worst point ratings), and a measure of future orientation was created to assess future expectancies. The authors predicted that greater future orientation would be associated with less current and worst point suicide ideation, and would distinguish current and lifetime suicide attempters from nonattempters. Hypotheses were tested using multivariate logistic regression and linear regression analyses that accounted for age, gender, hopelessness, and depression.Results As hypothesized, higher future orientation scores were associated with lower current suicidal ideation, less intense suicidal ideation at its worst point, and lower probability of a history of attempted suicide after accounting for covariates. Future orientation was not associated with current attempt status.Conclusions Future orientation holds promise as a cognitive variable associated with decreased suicide risk; a better understanding of its putative protective role is needed. Treatments designed to enhance future orientation might decrease suicide risk.

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Authors: Hirsch, J. K., Duberstein, P. R., Conner, K. R., Heisel, M. J., Beckman, A., Franus, N., & Conwell, Y.
Affiliations: Rochester Institute of Technology (US)
University of Rochester Medicine (US)
Western University (CA)
Corresponding author: Hirsch, Jameson K.
ORCID: Hirsch, Jameson K.
Duberstein, Paul R.
Conner, Kenneth R.
Heisel, Marnin J.
Conwell, Yeates
Venue: The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry
Publisher: Elsevier BV
Published: 2006-09
Volume: 14
Issue: 9
Pages: 752-757
ISSN: 1064-7481 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/01.jgp.0000209219.06017.62
OpenAlex: W2030513670
Cited by: 113
References: 61
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 3
FWCI: 9.58
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/ (tdm)
Locations: American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5t32mh020061-25)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH-20061-01, T32-MH020061, R01MH064579)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Psychological and Temporal Perspectives Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: future orientation, suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, major depressive disorder, older adults, hopelessness, suicide risk, cognitive factors
MeSH terms: Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Attitude, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Suicide, Attempted, Time Factors

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Future Orientation and Suicide Ideation and Attempts in Depressed Adults Ages 50 and Over

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