The DOI matches its Crossref record; 61 of the 61 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The GLADEL Multinational Latin American Prospective Inception Cohort of 1,214 Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Ethnic and Disease Heterogeneity Among “Hispanics”
Abstract
Clinical and laboratory manifestations and outcome of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may vary in different populations. A prospective multinational inception cohort should prove useful in identifying the influence of ethnicity on the clinical characteristics of SLE. We therefore analyzed clinical, laboratory, and prognostic variables in Latin American SLE patients with disease of recent onset who were entered into a prospective cohort, and compared these variables in the cohort's 3 major ethnic groups. Thirty-four centers from 9 Latin American countries participated by randomly incorporating SLE patients within 2 years of diagnosis into a standardized database. Participating centers were selected for their expertise in diagnosing and managing SLE. We were then able to evaluate prospectively socioeconomic variables, ethnicity, type of medical care, clinical and laboratory features, disease activity, damage, and mortality at each site. A coordinating center controlled the quality of the information submitted. Of the 1,214 SLE patients included in the cohort, 537 were mestizos, 507 were white, and 152 were African-Latin American (ALA). (There were also small numbers of pure Amerindian and oriental individuals.) Significant differences were found between them in socioeconomic characteristics, type of care, and level of education favoring whites. Mestizos and ALA were younger at onset. Delay to diagnosis and disease duration was shorter in ALA. Fever was more frequent in whites; discoid lesions in ALA; renal disease and lymphopenia in mestizos and ALA. Although we found differences in background variables between ethnic groups from different countries, mestizos from 2 distant countries (Argentina and Mexico) were clinically akin and showed similar differences to whites. Mortality was associated with lower education, poor medical coverage, and shorter follow-up. In an exploratory model nonwhite ethnicity was associated with renal disease and lymphopenia, damage, and cumulative American College of Rheumatology criteria. These differences in clinical, prognostic, socioeconomic, educational, and access to medical care features in Latin American lupus patients of 3 major ethnic groups from 9 different countries may have an impact on the patients' disease. "Hispanics," as they have come to be generically termed on the basis of language, actually constitute a markedly heterogeneous group of subjects.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus
Tan, E. M., Cohen, A. S., Fries, J. F., Masi, A. T., Mcshane, D. J., Rothfield, N. F., Schaller, J. G., Talal, N., & Winchester, R. J. (1982) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780251101 · Cited by 14,519
Derivation of the sledai. A disease activity index for lupus patients
Bombardier, C., Gladman, D. D., Urowitz, M. B., Caron, D., Chang, C. H., Austin, A., Bell, A., Bloch, D. A., Corey, P. N., Decker, J. L., et al. (1992) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780350606 · Cited by 4,570
Gladman, D., Ginzler, E., Goldsmith, C., Fortin, P., Liang, M., Sanchez‐Guerrero, J., Urowitz, M., Bacon, P., Bombardieri, S., Hanly, J., et al. (1996) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780390303 · Cited by 2,582
Cervera, R., Khamashta, M. A., Font, J., Sebastiani, G. D., Gil, A., Lavilla, P., Mejía, J. C., Aydintug, A. O., Chwalinska-Sadowska, H., de Ramón, E., et al. (2003) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.md.0000091181.93122.55 · Cited by 1,377
Mortality in systemic lupus erythematosus
Bernatsky, S., Boivin, J. ‐., Joseph, L., Manzi, S., Ginzler, E., Gladman, D. D., Urowitz, M., Fortin, P. R., Petri, M., Barr, S., et al. (2006) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.21955 · Cited by 1,181
The bimodal mortality pattern of systemic lupus erythematosus
Urowitz, M. B., Bookman, A. A. M., Koehler, B. E., Gordon, D. A., Smythe, H. A., & Ogryzlo, M. A. (1976) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/0002-9343(76)90431-9 · Cited by 1,000
CERVERA, R., KHAMASHTA, M. A., FONT, J., SEBASTIANI, G. D., GIL, A., LAVILLA, P., DOMÉNECH, I., AYDINTUG, A. O., JEDRYKA-GÓRAL, A., RAMÓN, E. D., et al. (1993) · Medicine · doi:10.1097/00005792-199303000-00005 · Cited by 979
Prokunina, L., Castillejo-López, C., Öberg, F., Gunnarsson, I., Berg, L., Magnusson, V., Brookes, A. J., Tentler, D., Kristjansdóttir, H., Gröndal, G., et al. (2002) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng1020 · Cited by 769
Self-citationGladman, D. D., Urowitz, M. B., Goldsmith, C. H., Fortin, P., Ginzler, E., Gordon, C., Hanly, J. G., Isenberg, D. A., Kalunian, K., Nived, O., et al. (1997) · Arthritis & Rheumatism · doi:10.1002/art.1780400506 · Cited by 759
Fc gamma RIIA alleles are heritable risk factors for lupus nephritis in African Americans.
Salmon, J. E., Millard, S., Schachter, L. A., Arnett, F. C., Ginzler, E. M., Gourley, M. F., Ramsey-Goldman, R., Peterson, M. G., & Kimberly, R. P. (1996) · Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1172/jci118552 · Cited by 469
Cited by
González Burchard, E., Borrell, L. N., Choudhry, S., Naqvi, M., Tsai, H.-J., Rodriguez-Santana, J. R., Chapela, R., Rogers, S. D., Mei, R., Rodriguez-Cintron, W., et al. (2005) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2005.068668 · Cited by 373
Gordon, C., Amissah-Arthur, M.-B., Gayed, M., Brown, S., Bruce, I. N., D’Cruz, D., Empson, B., Griffiths, B., Jayne, D., Khamashta, M., et al. (2018) · Rheumatology · doi:10.1093/rheumatology/kex286 · Cited by 365
Pons‐Estel, G. J., Alarcón, G. S., McGwin, G., Danila, M. I., Zhang, J., Bastian, H. M., Reveille, J. D., & Vilá, L. M. (2009) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.24538 · Cited by 306
Argentine population genetic structure: Large variance in Amerindian contribution
Seldin, M. F., Tian, C., Shigeta, R., Scherbarth, H. R., Silva, G., Belmont, J. W., Kittles, R., Gamron, S., Allevi, A., Palatnik, S. A., et al. (2007) · American Journal of Physical Anthropology · doi:10.1002/ajpa.20534 · Cited by 90
Self-citationRemission and withdrawal of therapy in lupus nephritis
Moroni, G., Raffiotta, F., & Ponticelli, C. (2016) · Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s40620-016-0313-6 · Cited by 31
Metadata
- Authors
- Pons-Estel, B. A., Catoggio, L. J., Cardiel, M. H., Soriano, E. R., Gentiletti, S., Villa, A. R., Abadi, I., Caeiro, F., Alvarellos, A., & Alarcón-Segovia, D.
- Venue
- Medicine
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 83
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-17
- ISSN
- 0025-7974 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1974156856
- Cited by
- 447
- References
- 61
- FWCI
- 5.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: The GLADEL Multinational Latin American Prospective Inception Cohort of 1,214 Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Ethnic and Disease Heterogeneity Among “Hispanics”. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1097/01.md.0000104742.42401.e2
- The paper
- Pons-Estel, B. A., Catoggio, L. J., Cardiel, M. H., Soriano, E. R., Gentiletti, S., Villa, A. R., Abadi, I., Caeiro, F., Alvarellos, A., & Alarcón-Segovia, D. (2004). The GLADEL Multinational Latin American Prospective Inception Cohort of 1,214 Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Ethnic and Disease Heterogeneity Among “Hispanics”. Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.md.0000104742.42401.e2
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
