The DOI matches its Crossref record; 8 of the 8 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Use of Alcohol and Drugs to Self-Medicate Anxiety Disorders in a Nationally Representative Sample
Abstract
This study examined the prevalence and correlates of self-medication of anxiety disorders with alcohol and drugs in a nationally representative sample (N = 5877). A modified version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview was used to make DSM-III-R mental disorder diagnoses. Frequencies of self-medication ranged from 7.9% (social phobia, speaking subtype) to 35.6% (generalized anxiety disorder). Among respondents with an anxiety disorder, self-medication was significantly associated with an increased likelihood of comorbid mood disorders, substance use disorders, distress, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempts. Self-medication behavior remained significantly associated with an increased likelihood of suicidal ideation (adjusted odds ratio = 1.66; 1.17-2.36) as well as suicide attempts (adjusted odds ratio = 2.23; 1.50-3.31), even after adjusting for a number of sociodemographic and psychiatric variables. These results suggest that individuals with anxiety disorders who self-medicate their symptoms with alcohol or drugs may be at increased risk for mood and substance use disorders and suicidal behavior.
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Cites
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052
The Self-Medication Hypothesis of Substance Use Disorders: A Reconsideration and Recent Applications
Khantzian, E. J. (1997) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10673229709030550 · Cited by 3,242 · cited 2×
“Although self-medication is proposed to result in alcohol dependence in vulnerable individuals (Frances, 1997; Khantzian, 1997), is it possible that moderate use of alcohol or drugs could actually be an efficacious strategy to treat anxiety and as such result in less distress? If moderate alcohol use reduces anxiety w…”
BackgroundKessler, R. C. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830160031005 · Cited by 2,085
Kraemer, H. C., Stice, E., Kazdin, A., Offord, D., & Kupfer, D. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.848 · Cited by 1,712
Stress and alcohol use: Moderating effects of gender, coping, and alcohol expectancies.
Cooper, M. L., Russell, M., Skinner, J. B., Frone, M. R., & Mudar, P. (1992) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.101.1.139 · Cited by 817
II. Reinforcement Theory and the Dynamics of Alcoholism
Conger, J. J. (1956) · Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/qjsa.1956.17.296 · Cited by 617
Kessler, R. C., Wittchen, H., Abelson, J. M., Mcgonagle, K., Schwarz, N., Kendler, K. S., Knäuper, B., & Zhao, S. (1998) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.33 · Cited by 483
Social Phobia Subtypes in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C., Stein, M. B., & Berglund, P. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.5.613 · Cited by 398
Cited by
McLean, C. P., Asnaani, A., Litz, B. T., & Hofmann, S. G. (2011) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2011.03.006 · Cited by 2,519
Bolton, J. M., Robinson, J., & Sareen, J. (2009) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2008.10.003 · Cited by 448
Self-citationTurner, S., Mota, N., Bolton, J., & Sareen, J. (2018) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22771 · Cited by 432
Self-citationNepon, J., Belik, S.-L., Bolton, J., & Sareen, J. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20674 · Cited by 374
Self-citationLeeies, M., Pagura, J., Sareen, J., & Bolton, J. M. (2010) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20677 · Cited by 300
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Bolton, J., Cox, B., Clara, I., & Sareen, J.
- Venue
- Journal of Nervous & Mental Disease
- Published
- 2006-11
- Volume
- 194
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 818-825
- ISSN
- 0022-3018 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W1984139938
- Cited by
- 206
- References
- 8
- FWCI
- 5.53
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
