Methodological studies of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI) in the US national comorbidity survey (NCS)
Open accessAbstract
This paper reports the results of methodological studies carried out in conjunction with the US National Comorbidity Survey (NCS) to evaluate Version 1.0 of the World Health Organization (WHO) Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). These studies relied on recent survey data collection methodology literature to investigate problems regarding question comprehension, instruction comprehension, respondent motivation to report accurately, and regarding the limits of respondent ability to report accurately. Insights and strategies developed by survey methodologists were used to modify the CIDI in an effort to address these problems. The paper describes these strategies and methodological studies that evaluated their effects, including a clinical reappraisal study and a field experiment that evaluated the impact of question modifications on prevalence estimates. The paper closes with a discussion of remaining methodological problems with the CIDI and potentially useful future studies that might be able to develop solutions to these problems. Copyright © 1998 Whurr Publishers Ltd.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Concordance of CIDI diagnoses with clinician diagnoses has been demonstrated in previous studies.
“Concordance of these diagnoses with clinician diagnoses has been demonstrated in previous studies (39, 40).”
From Attitudes toward mental health help seeking as predictors of future help-seeking behavior and use of mental health treatments (2016) · cites this paper as [39]
Blinded clinical reappraisal interviews documented generally good concordance between diagnoses based on the CIDI and independent diagnoses based on blinded clinical reappraisal interviews.
“Blinded clinical reappraisal interviews administered to a probability sub-sample of respondents using the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R [30] in the NCS and the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID) [31] in the NCS-2 documented generally good concordance between diagnoses based on the CIDI and independent diagnoses based on blinded clinical reappraisal interviews [32,33].”
From Long-term effects of mental disorders on educational attainment in the National Comorbidity Survey ten-year follow-up (2015) · cites this paper as [32]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
A Coefficient of Agreement for Nominal Scales
Cohen, J. (1960) · Educational and Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/001316446002000104 · Cited by 42,398 · see citing works
The Handbook of Social Psychology
Gravatt, A. E., Lindzey, G. E., & Aronson, F. (1969) · The Family Coordinator · doi:10.2307/582242 · Cited by 12,518 · see citing works
Kessler, R. C. (1994) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1994.03950010008002 · Cited by 12,370 · see citing works
Self-citationPosttraumatic Stress Disorder in the National Comorbidity Survey
Kessler, R. C. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950240066012 · Cited by 10,379 · see citing works
Self-citationDeLamater, J., & Ward, A. (2013) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6772-0 · Cited by 7,565 · see citing works
Discrete Multivariate Analysis: Theory and Practice.
Beniger, J. R., Bishop, Y. M. M., Feinberg, S. E., Holland, P. W., Light, R. J., & Mosteller, F. C. (1975) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2063625 · Cited by 5,119 · see citing works
Ericsson (1993) · doi:10.1037/0033-295x.87.3.215 · Cited by 4,539 · see citing works
Book Review: Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data
Venkatesan, M., Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1986) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151491 · Cited by 4,361 · see citing works
The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID): I: History, Rationale, and Description
Spitzer, R. L. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080032005 · Cited by 4,336 · see citing works
Protocol Analysis: Verbal Reports as Data
Ericsson, K. A., & Simon, H. A. (1993) · doi:10.7551/mitpress/5657.001.0001 · Cited by 3,537 · see citing works
Psychiatric disorders in America: the epidemiologic catchment area study
(1991) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.28-5931 · Cited by 2,561 · see citing works
Wittchen, H.-U. (1994) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)90036-1 · Cited by 2,348 · see citing works
Kessler, R. C. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830160031005 · Cited by 2,085 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R (SCID)
Williams, J. B. W. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820080038006 · Cited by 1,627 · see citing works
Thinking About Answers: The Application of Cognitive Processes to Survey Methodology
Sudman, S., Bradburn, N. M., & Schwarz, N. (1995) · Cited by 1,586 · see citing works
Self-citation(1994) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.151.7.979 · Cited by 1,485 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Aspects of the clinical reappraisal study have been reported previously (Blazer et al. 1994; Kessler et al. 1995; Warner et al. 1995; Wittchen et al. 1995, 1996; Kendler et al. 1997; Kessler, Crum et al. 1997).”
MethodSelf-citationAnswering Autobiographical Questions: The Impact of Memory and Inference on Surveys
Bradburn, N. M., Rips, L. J., & Shevell, S. K. (1987) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.3563494 · Cited by 1,183 · see citing works
Asking questions: A practical guide to questionnaire design
(1990) · Computers Environment and Urban Systems · doi:10.1016/0198-9715(90)90052-u · Cited by 867 · see citing works
Asking questions: A practical guide to questionnaire design
Conley, J. J. (1983) · Personality and Individual Differences · doi:10.1016/0191-8869(83)90107-1 · Cited by 735 · see citing works
Stewart, D. W., Schwarz, N., & Sudman, S. (1996) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3152152 · Cited by 694 · see citing works
Self-citationWhat is autobiographical memory?
Brewer, W. F. (1986) · Autobiographical Memory · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511558313.006 · Cited by 660 · see citing works
Response Effects in Surveys: A Review and Synthesis.
King, B. F., Sudman, S., & Bradburn, N. M. (1976) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2285784 · Cited by 648 · see citing works
Cognitive Aspects of Survey Methodology: Building a Bridge Between Disciplines.
Schaible, W. L., Jabine, T. B., Straf, M. L., Tanur, J. M., & Tourangeau, R. (1987) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2289187 · Cited by 618 · see citing works
Research Methods in Personality and Social Psychology
Hendrick, C., & Clark, M. S. (1990) · Cited by 566 · see citing works
Limitations of Diagnostic Criteria and Assessment Instruments for Mental Disorders
Regier, D. A., Kaelber, C. T., Rae, D. S., Farmer, M. E., Knaüper, B., Kessler, R. C., & NORQUIST, G. S. (1998) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.2.109 · Cited by 549 · see citing works
Self-citationConversation: An Interdisciplinary Perspective
Scovel, T., Roger, D., & Bull, P. E. (1989) · Modern Language Journal · doi:10.2307/327045 · Cited by 547 · see citing works
A Handbook of Social Psychology
Marshall, T. H. (1946) · International Affairs · doi:10.2307/3018219 · Cited by 514 · see citing works
Prevalence and Correlates of Drug Use and Dependence in the United States
Warner, L. A. (1995) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1995.03950150051010 · Cited by 511 · see citing works
Autobiographical Memory and the Validity of Retrospective Reports
Schwarz, N., & Sudman, S. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2624-6 · Cited by 496 · see citing works
Self-citationContext Effects in Social and Psychological Research
Schwarz, N., & Sudman, S. (1992) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2848-6 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Self-citationResearch on Interviewing Techniques
Cannell, C. F., Miller, P. V., & Oksenberg, L. (1981) · Sociological Methodology · doi:10.2307/270748 · Cited by 438 · see citing works
Epidemiology: Reflections on Testing the Validity of Psychiatric Interviews
Robins, L. N. (1985) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1985.01790320090013 · Cited by 413 · see citing works
Questions About Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys.
Herting, J. R., & Tanur, J. M. (1993) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2291301 · Cited by 385 · see citing works
Recall of Psychiatric History in Cross-sectional Surveys: Implications for Epidemiologic Research
Simon, G. E., & VonKorff, M. (1995) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.epirev.a036180 · Cited by 269 · see citing works
Jefferson, G. (1989) · Cited by 264 · see citing works
Questions about Questions: Inquiries into the Cognitive Bases of Surveys.
Schuman, H., & Tanur, J. M. (1993) · Contemporary Sociology A Journal of Reviews · doi:10.2307/2075046 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
The Design and Understanding of Survey Questions.
Morton-Williams, J., & Belson, W. A. (1984) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2981742 · Cited by 250 · see citing works
A Study of Response Errors in Expenditures Data from Household Interviews
Neter, J., & Waksberg, J. (1964) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.1080/01621459.1964.10480699 · Cited by 245 · see citing works
Long-term Reliability of Diagnosing Lifetime Major Depression in a Community Sample
Bromet, E. J. (1986) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800050033004 · Cited by 242 · see citing works
Burton, S., & Blair, E. (1991) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/269241 · Cited by 231 · see citing works
Asking questions and influencing answers.
Clark, H. H., & Schober, M. F. (1992) · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Schuman, H., Bradburn, N. M., Sudman, S., Blair, E., Locander, W. B., Miles, C., Singer, E., & Stocking, C. (1980) · Social Forces · doi:10.2307/2577870 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
Reliability and clinical validity of UM-CIDI DSM-III-R generalized anxiety disorder
Wïttchen, H., Kessler, R. C., Zhao, S., & Abelson, J. M. (1995) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/0022-3956(94)00044-r · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Self-citationRobins, L. N., Schoenberg, S. P., Holmes, S. J., Ratcliff, K. S., Benham, A., & Works, J. (1985) · American Journal of Orthopsychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.1985.tb03419.x · Cited by 163 · see citing works
Reliability and procedural validity of UM-CIDI DSM-III-R phobic disorders
Wïttchen, H., Zhao, S., Abelson, J. M., Abelson, J. L., & Kessler, R. C. (1996) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700035893 · Cited by 153 · see citing works
Self-citationReliability of Anxiety Assessment
Mannuzza, S. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810120035007 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Cognitive interviewing techniques: In the lab and in the field.
DeMaio, T. J., & Rothgeb, J. M. (1996) · Cited by 139 · see citing works
Decisions about ignorance: Knowing that you don't know.
Glucksberg, S., & McCloskey, M. E. (1981) · Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Learning & Memory · doi:10.1037/0278-7393.7.5.311 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
When personal history repeats itself: Decomposing memories for recurring events
Means, B., & Loftus, E. F. (1991) · Applied Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1002/acp.2350050402 · Cited by 130 · see citing works
The Design and Understanding of Survey Questions
Cox, E. P., & Belson, W. A. (1982) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3151631 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Strategies for communication research
Hirsch, P. M., Miller, P. V., & Kline, F. G. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Personal recall and the limits of retrospective questions in surveys.
Pearson, R. W., Ross, M. A., & Dawes, R. M. (1992) · Cited by 113 · see citing works
The reliability of life event reports in a community survey
Kessler, R. C., & Wethington, E. (1991) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291700022364 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Recall Method in Social Surveys
Blair, E., Moss, L., & Goldstein, H. (1980) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150941 · Cited by 112 · see citing works
Schwarz, N. (1990) · Social Science Open Access Repository (GESIS – Leibniz Institute for the Social Sciences) · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Self-citationReevaluation of Secular Trends in Depression Rates
Simon, G. E., & VonKorff, M. (1992) · American Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116252 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Recall Strategies and Memory for Health-Care Visits
Jobe, J. B., White, A. A., Kelley, C. L., Mingay, D. J., Sanchez, M. J., & Loftus, E. F. (1990) · Milbank Quarterly · doi:10.2307/3350095 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Hardly Ever or Constantly? Group Comparisons Using Vague Quantifier
Schaeffer, N. C. (1991) · Public Opinion Quarterly · doi:10.1086/269270 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Judgments of Behavioral Frequencies: Memory Search and Retrieval Strategies
Menon, G. (1994) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-2624-6_11 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Using behavioral coding to identify cognitive problems with survey questions.
Fowler, F. J., & Cannell, C. F. (1996) · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Studies of inference from lack of knowledge
Gentner, D., & Collins, A. (1981) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197569 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
The Recall Method in Social Surveys.
Spitz, K. E., Moss, L., & Goldstein, H. (1980) · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series A (General) · doi:10.2307/2981781 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Striving for Response Accuracy: Experiments in New Interviewing Techniques
Cannell, C. F., Oksenberg, L., & Converse, J. M. (1977) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.1177/002224377701400305 · Cited by 67 · see citing works
Cannell, C. F., Fowler, F. J., & Marquis, K. H. (1968) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e416812004-001 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Color blend retrievals: Compromise memories or deliberate compromise responses?
Belli, R. F. (1988) · Memory & Cognition · doi:10.3758/bf03197042 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Experiments in Interviewing Techniques
Black, W. C., Cannell, C. F., Oksenberg, L., & Converse, J. M. (1980) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150519 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Striving for Response Accuracy: Experiments in New Interviewing Techniques
Cannell, C. F., Oksenberg, L., & Converse, J. M. (1977) · Journal of Marketing Research · doi:10.2307/3150768 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
McLeod, J. D., Turnbull, J. E., Kessler, R. C., & Abelson, J. M. (1990) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(90)90117-n · Cited by 28 · see citing works
Self-citationSurvey Interviewing: Theory and Techniques
Beed, T. W., & Stimson, R. (1985) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 27 · see citing works
The Recall Method in Social Surveys.
Sirken, M. G., Moss, L., & Goldstein, H. (1986) · Journal of the American Statistical Association · doi:10.2307/2289043 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Shanon, B. (1979) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/0001-6918(79)90039-8 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 11
- Cannell CF. Overview: response bias and interviewer vari- ability in surveys. In Beed TW, Stimson RJ (eds) Survey Interviewing: Theory and Techniques. Winchester MA: Allen & Unwin, 1985b, pp. 1-23.
- Cannell CF, Miller PV, Oksenberg L. Research on interview- ing techniques. In Leinhardt S (ed.) Sociological Methodology. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass, 1981, pp. 389-437.
- Fleiss JL. Statistical methods for rates and proportion (2 edn) New York: John Wiley & Sons, 1981.
- Kessler RC, Mroczek DK, Belli RF. Retrospective adult assessment of childhood psychopathology. In Schaeffer D, Richters J (eds) Assessment in and Adolescent Child Psychopathology. New York: Guilford Press, in press.
- Knäuper B, Kessler RC, Cannell CF, Schwarz N, Bruce ML. 'When Was the First Time . . .?' Improving the Reliability and Validity of Age of Onset Reports, in press.
- Means B, Swan GE, Jobe, JB, Esposito JL. Estimating fre- quencies for habitual behaviors: reports of cigarette smok- ing. In Schwartz N, Sudman S (eds) Autobiographical Memory and the Validity of Retrospective Reports. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1993, pp. 107-20.
- Oksenberg L, Cannell CF, Kalton G. New strategies for pretesting survey questions. Journal of Official Statistics 1991; 7: 349-65.
- Oksenberg L, Vinokur A, Cannell CF. Effects of commitment to being a good respondent on interview performance. In Cannell CF, Oksenberg L, Converse JM (eds) Experiments in Interviewing Techniques. Washington DC: Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, pp. 74-108, DHEW Publication No. (HRA) 78-3204, 1979b.
- Robins LN, Regier DA. Psychiatric Disorders in America: The Epidemiologic Catchment Study. New York: Free Press, 1991.
- Schaeffer NC. Hardly ever or constantly? Group compar- isons using vague quantifiers. Public Opinion Quarterly 1991; 55(3): 395-423.
- Spitzer RL, Williams JBW, Gibbon M, First MB. The struc- tured clinical interview for DSM-III-R. History, rationale and description. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1992; 49: 624-9.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052 · see citing works
Self-citationKESSLER, R. C., ANDREWS, G., COLPE, L. J., HIRIPI, E., MROCZEK, D. K., NORMAND, S.-L. T., WALTERS, E. E., & ZASLAVSKY, A. M. (2002) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291702006074 · Cited by 10,327 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Koretz, D., Merikangas, K. R., Rush, A. J., Walters, E. E., & Wang, P. S. (2003) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.289.23.3095 · Cited by 7,988 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., & Üstün, T. B. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.168 · Cited by 4,771 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., Zaslavsky, A. M., & Wittchen, H. (2012) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.1359 · Cited by 2,947 · see citing works
“The AOO curves are reported here in addition to the estimates of LMR. Special probing procedures that have been shown experimentally to increase recall of lifetime disorders (Kessler et al., 1998) were used in asking about lifetime prevalence.”
Self-citationHasin, D. S., Stinson, F. S., Ogburn, E., & Grant, B. F. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.7.830 · Cited by 2,908 · see citing works
The Epidemiology of Depression Across Cultures
Kessler, R. C., & Bromet, E. J. (2013) · Annual Review of Public Health · doi:10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031912-114409 · Cited by 2,657 · see citing works
Self-citationThe world health organization composite international diagnostic interview short-form (CIDI-SF)
Kessler, R. C., Andrews, G., Mroczek, D., Ustun, B., & Wittchen, H. (1998) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.47 · Cited by 2,242 · see citing works
Self-citationCross-national epidemiology of DSM-IV major depressive episode
Bromet, E., Andrade, L. H., Hwang, I., Sampson, N. A., Alonso, J., de Girolamo, G., de Graaf, R., Demyttenaere, K., Hu, C., Iwata, N., et al. (2011) · BMC Medicine · doi:10.1186/1741-7015-9-90 · Cited by 2,221 · see citing works
Self-citationEpidemiology of women and depression
Kessler, R. (2003) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0165-0327(02)00426-3 · Cited by 2,006 · see citing works
Self-citationPrevalence and Treatment of Mental Disorders, 1990 to 2003
Kessler, R. C., Demler, O., Frank, R. G., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Walters, E. E., Wang, P., Wells, K. B., & Zaslavsky, A. M. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmsa043266 · Cited by 1,910 · see citing works
Self-citationHasin, D. S., Goodwin, R. D., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1097 · Cited by 1,645 · see citing works
Kessler, R. C., Green, J. G., Gruber, M. J., Sampson, N. A., Bromet, E., Cuitan, M., Furukawa, T. A., Gureje, O., Hinkov, H., Hu, C., et al. (2010) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.310 · Cited by 1,434 · see citing works
Self-citationA Handbook for the Study of Mental Health Second Edition
Scheid, T. L., & Brown, T. N. (2009) · Cited by 1,320 · see citing works
Child sexual abuse and subsequent psychopathology: results from the National Comorbidity Survey
Molnar, B. E., Buka, S. L., & Kessler, R. C. (2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.5.753 · Cited by 1,193 · see citing works
Self-citationGrant, B. F., Dawson, D. A., Stinson, F. S., Chou, P. S., Kay, W., & Pickering, R. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00070-x · Cited by 1,110 · see citing works
Haro, J. M., Arbabzadeh-Bouchez, S., Brugha, T. S., De Girolamo, G., Guyer, M. E., Jin, R., Lepine, J. P., Mazzi, F., Reneses, B., Vilagut, G., et al. (2006) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.196 · Cited by 1,082 · see citing works
Self-citationAndrade, L., Caraveo‐anduaga, J. J., Berglund, P., Bijl, R. V., Graaf, R. D., Vollebergh, W., Dragomirecka, E., Kohn, R., Keller, M., Kessler, R. C., et al. (2003) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.138 · Cited by 1,068 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C. (2005) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.293.20.2487 · Cited by 1,071 · see citing works
Self-citationAvenevoli, S. (2012) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.160 · Cited by 1,149 · see citing works
Sareen, J., Cox, B. J., Afifi, T. O., de Graaf, R., Asmundson, G. J. G., ten Have, M., & Stein, M. B. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.11.1249 · Cited by 824 · see citing works
Work-family conflict and employee psychiatric disorders: The national comorbidity survey.
Frone, M. R. (2000) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.85.6.888 · Cited by 780 · see citing works
Small, M. L. (2009) · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195384352.001.0001 · Cited by 737 · see citing works
The National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS‐R): background and aims
Kessler, R. C., & Merikangas, K. R. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.166 · Cited by 718 · see citing works
Self-citationDisability and Quality of Life in Social Phobia: Epidemiologic Findings
Stein, M. B., & Kean, Y. M. (2000) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.157.10.1606 · Cited by 685 · see citing works
Nock, M. K., & Kessler, R. C. (2006) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.115.3.616 · Cited by 680 · see citing works
Self-citation(2001) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.91.6.933 · Cited by 671 · see citing works
Self-citationDocumentation of Affective Functioning Measures in the Health and Retirement Study
Steffick, D. (2000) · doi:10.7826/isr-um.06.585031.001.05.0005.2000 · Cited by 643 · see citing works
Rumpf, H., Meyer, C., Hapke, U., & John, U. (2001) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/s0165-1781(01)00329-8 · Cited by 606 · see citing works
Swendsen, J. D., Conway, K. P., Degenhardt, L. J., Glantz, M. D., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., Sampson, N. A., & Kessler, R. C. (2010) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02902.x · Cited by 599 · see citing works
Self-citationAdequacy of Treatment for Serious Mental Illness in the United States
Wang, P. S., Demler, O., & Kessler, R. C. (2002) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.92.1.92 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
Self-citationThe clinical significance of drug craving
Tiffany, S. T., & Wray, J. M. (2012) · Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06298.x · Cited by 556 · see citing works
Sareen, J., Cox, B. J., Stein, M. B., Afifi, T. O., Fleet, C., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2007) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e31803146d8 · Cited by 541 · see citing works
Wittchen, H.-U., Lachner, G., Wunderlich, U., & Pfister, H. (1998) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s001270050095 · Cited by 668 · see citing works
Rosenfield, S., & Mouzon, D. M. (2012) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5_14 · Cited by 553 · see citing works
The social consequences of psychiatric disorders, III: probability of marital stability
Kessler, R. C., Walters, E. E., & Forthofer, M. S. (1998) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.155.8.1092 · Cited by 518 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Gruber, M., Hettema, J. M., Hwang, I., Sampson, N., & Yonkers, K. A. (2008) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291707002012 · Cited by 493 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Abelson, J., Demler, O., Escobar, J. I., Gibbon, M., Guyer, M. E., Howes, M. J., Jin, R., Vega, W. A., Walters, E. E., et al. (2004) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.169 · Cited by 489 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., DuPont, R. L., Berglund, P. A., & Wïttchen, H. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.12.1915 · Cited by 486 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Merikangas, K. R., & Wang, P. S. (2007) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.3.022806.091444 · Cited by 468 · see citing works
Self-citationSareen, J., Jagdeo, A., Cox, B. J., Clara, I., ten Have, M., Belik, S.-L., de Graaf, R., & Stein, M. B. (2007) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/ps.2007.58.3.357 · Cited by 470 · see citing works
Berlin, L. J., Carmody, K. A., & Dodge, K. A. (2011) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01547.x · Cited by 476 · see citing works
Eviction's Fallout: Housing, Hardship, and Health
Desmond, M., & Kimbro, R. T. (2015) · Social Forces · doi:10.1093/sf/sov044 · Cited by 458 · see citing works
Blues from the Neighborhood? Neighborhood Characteristics and Depression
Kim, D. J. (2008) · Epidemiologic Reviews · doi:10.1093/epirev/mxn009 · Cited by 391 · see citing works
Sareen, J., Cox, B. J., Clara, I., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2005) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20072 · Cited by 389 · see citing works
Changing Profiles of Service Sectors Used for Mental Health Care in the United States
Wang, P., Demler, O., Olfson, M., Pincus, H. A., Wells, K. B., & Kessler, R. C. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.163.7.1187 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Self-citationMild Disorders Should Not Be Eliminated From the DSM-V
Kessler, R. C., Merikangas, K. R., Berglund, P., Eaton, W. W., Koretz, D. S., & Walters, E. E. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.11.1117 · Cited by 348 · see citing works
Self-citationThe National Comorbidity Survey Adolescent Supplement (NCS-A): I. Background and Measures
Merikangas, K., Avenevoli, S., Costello, E., Koretz, D., & Kessler, R. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819996f1 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Self-citationGalea, S., Tracy, M., Norris, F., & Coffey, S. F. (2008) · Journal of Traumatic Stress · doi:10.1002/jts.20355 · Cited by 340 · see citing works
Borges, G., Angst, J., Nock, M. K., Ruscio, A. M., & Kessler, R. C. (2008) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2007.01.036 · Cited by 334 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Stang, P., Wittchen, H., Üstün, T. B., Roy-Burne, P. P., & Walters, E. (1998) · The British journal of psychiatry : the journal of mental science · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.55.9.801 · Cited by 357 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Ormel, J., Demler, O., & Stang, P. (2003) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/01.jom.0000100000.70011.bb · Cited by 330 · see citing works
Self-citationVeterans Aging Cohort Study (VACS)
Justice, A. C., Dombrowski, E., Conigliaro, J. C., Fultz, S. L., Gibson, D., Madenwald, T., Goulet, J. L., Simberkoff, M. S., Butt, A. A., Rimland, D., et al. (2006) · Medical Care · doi:10.1097/01.mlr.0000223741.02074.66 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
The Prevalence Of Treated And Untreated Mental Disorders In Five Countries
Bijl, R. V., de Graaf, R., Hiripi, E., Kessler, R. C., Kohn, R., Offord, D. R., Üstün, T. B., Vicente, B., Vollebergh, W., Walters, E. E., et al. (2003) · Health Affairs · doi:10.1377/hlthaff.22.3.122 · Cited by 322 · see citing works
Self-citationSareen, J., Cox, B. J., Afifi, T. O., Stein, M. B., Belik, S.-L., Meadows, G., & Asmundson, G. J. G. (2007) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.64.7.843 · Cited by 319 · see citing works
Kellam, S. G., Brown, C. H., Poduska, J. M., Ialongo, N. S., Wang, W., Toyinbo, P., Petras, H., Ford, C., Windham, A., & Wilcox, H. C. (2008) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.01.004 · Cited by 431 · see citing works
Prevalence of mood and anxiety disorders in women with systemic lupus erythematosus
Bachen, E. A., Chesney, M. A., & Criswell, L. A. (2009) · Arthritis Care & Research · doi:10.1002/art.24519 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Chronic Pain Conditions and Suicidal Ideation and Suicide Attempts: An Epidemiologic Perspective
Ratcliffe, G. E., Enns, M. W., Belik, S.-L., & Sareen, J. (2008) · The Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31815ca2a3 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Link, B. G., & Phelan, J. C. (2012) · Handbooks of sociology and social research · doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4276-5_25 · Cited by 304 · see citing works
Andrade, L. H., Berglund, P. A., Bijl, R. C., Walters, E. E., Offord, D. R., & Üstün, T. B. (2000) · Europe PMC (PubMed Central) · Cited by 288 · see citing works
Lifetime prevalence of psychiatric disorders in South Africa
Stein, D. J., Seedat, S., HERMAN, A. A. B., Moomal, H., Heeringa, S. G., Kessler, R. C., & Williams, D. R. (2008) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.bp.106.029280 · Cited by 287 · see citing works
Self-citationPatterns and mental health predictors of domestic violence in the United States
Kessler, R. C., Molnar, B. E., Feurer, I. D., & Appelbaum, M. I. (2001) · International Journal of Law and Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0160-2527(01)00080-2 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Avenevoli, S., Green, J., Gruber, M. J., Guyer, M., He, Y., Jin, R., Kaufman, J., Sampson, N. A., Zaslavsky, A. M., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e31819a1cbc · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Self-citationPatterns and Correlates of Contacting Clergy for Mental Disorders in the United States
Wang, P. S., Berglund, P. A., & Kessler, R. C. (2003) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/1475-6773.00138 · Cited by 281 · see citing works
Self-citationChanges in depression and anxiety after resective surgery for epilepsy
Devinsky, O., Barr, W., Vickrey, B. G., Berg, A. T., Bazil, C. W., Pacia, S. V., Langfitt, J. T., Walczak, T. S., Sperling, M. R., Shinnar, S., et al. (2005) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000187114.71524.c3 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Psychiatric disorders and stages of smoking
Breslau, N., Novak, S. P., & Kessler, R. C. (2004) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0006-3223(03)00317-2 · Cited by 274 · see citing works
Self-citationHousing Quality, Housing Instability, and Maternal Mental Health
Suglia, S. F., Duarte, C. S., & Sandel, M. T. (2011) · Journal of Urban Health · doi:10.1007/s11524-011-9587-0 · Cited by 265 · see citing works
Educational attainment and cigarette smoking: a causal association?
Gilman, S. E., Martin, L. T., Abrams, D. B., Kawachi, I. I., Kubzansky, L. D., Loucks, E. B., Rende, R., Rudd, R. E., & Buka, S. L. (2008) · International Journal of Epidemiology · doi:10.1093/ije/dym250 · Cited by 263 · see citing works
Delays in Initial Treatment Contact after First Onset of a Mental Disorder
Wang, P. S., Berglund, P. A., Olfson, M., & Kessler, R. C. (2004) · Health Services Research · doi:10.1111/j.1475-6773.2004.00234.x · Cited by 249 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R., van Loo, H. V., Wardenaar, K., Bossarte, R., Brenner, L., Cai, T., Ebert, D., Hwang, I., Li, J.-L., de Jonge, P., et al. (2015) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2015.198 · Cited by 247 · see citing works
Self-citationCutrona, C. E., Russell, D. W., Brown, P. A., Clark, L. A., Hessling, R. M., & Gardner, K. A. (2005) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-843x.114.1.3 · Cited by 243 · see citing works
Depression With Atypical Features in the National Comorbidity Survey
Matza, L. S., Revicki, D. A., Davidson, J. R. T., & Stewart, J. W. (2003) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.60.8.817 · Cited by 237 · see citing works
Sonntag, H., Wïttchen, H., Höfler, M., Kessler, R. C., & Stein, M. B. (2000) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0924-9338(00)00209-1 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Self-citationAlderete, E., Vega, W. A., Kolody, B., & Aguilar‐Gaxiola, S. (2000) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.90.4.608 · Cited by 226 · see citing works
Composite International Diagnostic Interview screening scales for DSM-IV anxiety and mood disorders
Kessler, R. C., Calabrese, J. R., Farley, P. A., Gruber, M. J., Jewell, M. A., Katon, W. J., Keck, P. E., Nierenberg, A. A., Sampson, N. A., Shear, M. K., et al. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712002334 · Cited by 218 · see citing works
Self-citationMojtabai, R., Stuart, E. A., Hwang, I., Eaton, W. W., Sampson, N., & Kessler, R. C. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1083-5 · Cited by 215 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Heeringa, S. G., Stein, M. B., Colpe, L. J., Fullerton, C. S., Hwang, I., Naifeh, J. A., Nock, M. K., Petukhova, M., Sampson, N. A., et al. (2014) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2014.28 · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Self-citationTomlinson, M., Grimsrud, A., Stein, D. J., Williams, D. R., & Myer, L. (2009) · PubMed · Cited by 212 · see citing works
WELLS, J. E., & HORWOOD, L. J. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703001843 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Reed, V., Gander, F., Pfister, H., Steiger, A., Sonntag, H., Trenkwalder, C., Sonntag, A., Hundt, W., & Wittchen, H. (1998) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.44 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Income Differences in Persons Seeking Outpatient Treatment for Mental Disorders
Alegria, M. M., Bijl, R. V., Lin, E. H. B., Walters, E. E., & Kessler, R. C. (2000) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.57.4.383 · Cited by 210 · see citing works
Self-citationUse of Alcohol and Drugs to Self-Medicate Anxiety Disorders in a Nationally Representative Sample
Bolton, J. M., Cox, B. J., Clara, I. P., & Sareen, J. (2006) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/01.nmd.0000244481.63148.98 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Enns, M. W., Cox, B. J., Afifi, T. O., de Graaf, R., ten Have, M., & Sareen, J. (2006) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291706008646 · Cited by 206 · see citing works
Daily smoking and the subsequent onset of psychiatric disorders
Breslau, N., Novak, S. P., & Kessler, R. C. (2004) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291703008869 · Cited by 200 · see citing works
Self-citationChildhood abuse, chronic pain, and depression in the National Comorbidity Survey
Sachs‐Ericsson, N., Kendall-Tackett, K. A., & Hernandez, A. (2007) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2006.12.007 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
El-Gabalawy, R. M., Katz, L. Y., & Sareen, J. (2010) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181e10c7b · Cited by 198 · see citing works
BRUGHA, T. S., BEBBINGTON, P. E., & JENKINS, R. (1999) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291799008880 · Cited by 191 · see citing works
Coleman, J. R. I., Peyrot, W. J., Purves, K. L., Davis, K. A. S., Rayner, C., Choi, S. W., Hübel, C., Gaspar, H. A., Kan, C., der Auwera, S. V., et al. (2020) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-019-0546-6 · Cited by 195 · see citing works
Repeated Job Strain and the Risk of Depression: Longitudinal Analyses From the Whitehall II Study
Stansfeld, S. A., Shipley, M. J., Head, J. A., & Fuhrer, R. (2012) · American Journal of Public Health · doi:10.2105/ajph.2011.300589 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Social Determinants of Depression: The Intersections of Race, Gender, and Socioeconomic Status
Assari, S. (2017) · Brain Sciences · doi:10.3390/brainsci7120156 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
The web of coping resources and pathways to reemployment following a job loss.
Vinokur, A. D., & Schul, Y. (2002) · Journal of Occupational Health Psychology · doi:10.1037//1076-8998.7.1.68 · Cited by 178 · see citing works
BRUGHA, T. S., JENKINS, R., TAUB, N., MELTZER, H., & BEBBINGTON, P. E. (2001) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291701004184 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
Xu, Y., Schneier, F., Heimberg, R., Princisvalle, K., Liebowitz, M., Wang, S., & Blanco, C. (2012) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2011.08.006 · Cited by 172 · see citing works
Improving accuracy of major depression age‐of‐onset reports in the US National Comorbidity Survey
Knäuper, B., Cannell, C. F., Schwarz, N., Bruce, M. L., & Kessler, R. C. (1999) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.55 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Self-citationKessler, R. C., Santiago, P. N., Colpe, L. J., Dempsey, C. L., First, M. B., Heeringa, S. G., Stein, M. B., Fullerton, C. S., Gruber, M. J., Naifeh, J. A., et al. (2013) · International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1002/mpr.1398 · Cited by 162 · see citing works
Self-citationMojtabai, R., Evans-Lacko, S., Schomerus, G., & Thornicroft, G. (2016) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201500164 · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Mojtabai, R., Stuart, E. A., Hwang, I. H., Susukida, R., Eaton, W. W., Sampson, N. A., & Kessler, R. C. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1097-z · Cited by 160 · see citing works
Self-citationHigh Risk of Depression in High-Income African American Boys
Assari, S., & Caldwell, C. H. (2017) · Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities · doi:10.1007/s40615-017-0426-1 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Joe, S., Baser, R. S., Neighbors, H. W., Caldwell, C. H., & Jackson, J. S. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e318195bccf · Cited by 157 · see citing works
Patterns and Predictors of Treatment Seeking After Onset of a Substance Use Disorder
Kessler, R. C. (2001) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.58.11.1065 · Cited by 154 · see citing works
Self-citation
- Authors
- Kessler, R. C., Wittchen, H., Abelson, J. M., Mcgonagle, K., Schwarz, N., Kendler, K. S., Knäuper, B., & Zhao, S.
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- University of Michigan (US)
- Virginia Commonwealth University Medical Center (US)
- Temple University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kessler, Ronald C.
- Venue
- International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1998-02
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 33-55
- ISSN
- 1049-8931 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-0657
- OpenAlex
- W2145132171
- Cited by
- 483
- References
- 70
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 22 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 45.10
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- hdl.handle.net
- Locations
- International Journal of Methods in Psychiatric Research (publishedVersion)
- Deep Blue (University of Michigan) (submittedVersion)
- Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
- MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01 MH46376, MH 46376, 90135190, R01-MH49098)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Survey Methodology and Nonresponse
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- Composite International Diagnostic Interview, National Comorbidity Survey, question comprehension, instruction comprehension, respondent motivation, self-report accuracy, prevalence estimates, field experiments, psychiatric comorbidity
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
