The DOI matches its Crossref record, with a small difference in title or year; 119 of the 119 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Fear-Avoidance Model of Chronic Pain: The Next Generation
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: The fear-avoidance (FA) model of chronic pain describes how individuals experiencing acute pain may become trapped into a vicious circle of chronic disability and suffering. We propose to extend the FA model by adopting a motivational perspective on chronic pain and disability. METHODS: A narrative review. RESULTS: There is ample evidence to support the validity of the FA model as originally formulated. There are, however, some key challenges that call for a next generation of the FA model. First, the FA model has its roots in psychopathology, and investigators will have to find a way to account for findings that do not easily fit within such framework. Second, the FA model needs to address the dynamics and complexities of disability and functional recovery. Third, the FA model should incorporate the idea that pain-related fear and avoidance occurs in a context of multiple and often competing personal goals. DISCUSSION: To address these 3 key challenges, we argue that the next generation of the FA model needs to more explicitly adopt a motivational perspective, one that is built around the organizing powers of goals and self-regulatory processes. Using this framework, the FA model is recast as capturing the persistent but futile attempts to solve pain-related problems to protect and restore life goals.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“However, the assumptions that underlie these paradigms and models remain often untested for chronic pain [3,5].”
From Attentional bias and chronic pain: Where to go from here? (2014) · cites this paper as [3]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Multiple authors have pointed out the lack of other relevant psychological phenomena such as motivation (Crombez et al., 2012), associative learning (Krypotos et al., 2022;Vlaeyen, 2015), attentionregulation (Boselie & Vlaeyen, 2017;Crombez et al., 2012), personality (Crofford, 2015;Goubert et al., 2004;Wong et al., 2015), trauma (Afari et al., 2014), and social relationships (Edwards et al., 2016”
From Beyond yellow flags: The Big‐Five personality traits and psychologically informed musculoskeletal rehabilitation. (2023) · cites this paper as Crombez et al., 2012
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“This fear can cause avoidance behaviors even in the absence of pain, creating a cycle of inactivity and disability, as described in the Fear-Avoidance Model.16, 17, 18”
From Role of Anxiety in Individuals with Generalized Joint Hypermobility: A Systematic Review (2025) · cites this paper as [17]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“The Fear-Avoidance Model (FAM)65–71 describes core cognitive–behavioural processes, including pain catastrophising, pain-related fear, pain hypervigilance and pain avoidance, which contribute to the transition from acute to persistent pain, including maintaining and exacerbating processes.”
From Optimising psychological treatment for pain after breast cancer: a factorial design study protocol in Denmark (2023) · cites this paper as [67]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“It is worth noting that fear avoidance limits the opportunity to attune expectations to actual experiences, leading to long-term disability [79].”
From Virtual Reality–Based Training in Chronic Low Back Pain: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials (2024) · cites this paper as [79]
In the citing paper
“It is also associated with elevated pain severity and disability among abuse victims 73, 74.”
From Evaluating psychosocial contributions to chronic pain outcomes (2018) · cites this paper as [73]
In the citing paper
“As a recent review of the model clarifies, 'at the core of the FA model is how patients interpret pain' (p 476) 12 and changing these interpretations is the key process of change within this approach.”
From The Psychological Flexibility Model: A Basis for Integration and Progress in Psychological Approaches to Chronic Pain Management (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“Recently some of those involved in the development of the FA model proposed that it needs to meet several important challenges and that this would create a next generation of the model. 12”
From The Psychological Flexibility Model: A Basis for Integration and Progress in Psychological Approaches to Chronic Pain Management (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
In the citing paper
“Three primary elements of the model were identified as lacking: (a) a model of normal psychological processes rather than pathological ones, (b) a proposal for how recovery from fear and avoidance is to occur, and (c) appreciation of the context of multiple goals, meaning, in their words, that 'pain-related fear and avoidance cooccur [sic] in a context of multiple and often competing goals.' 12”
From The Psychological Flexibility Model: A Basis for Integration and Progress in Psychological Approaches to Chronic Pain Management (2014) · cites this paper as [12]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: Development and validation.
Sullivan, M. J. L., Bishop, S. R., & Pivik, J. (1995) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037//1040-3590.7.4.524 · Cited by 8,227
Fear-avoidance and its consequences in chronic musculoskeletal pain: a state of the art.
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Linton, S. J. (2000) · Pain · doi:10.1016/s0304-3959(99)00242-0 · Cited by 4,931
Self-citationThe biopsychosocial approach to chronic pain: Scientific advances and future directions.
Gatchel, R. J., Peng, Y. B., Peters, M. L., Fuchs, P. N., & Turk, D. C. (2007) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.4.581 · Cited by 3,392
The clinical application of the biopsychosocial model
ENGEL, G. L. (1980) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.137.5.535 · Cited by 3,345
Waddell, G., Newton, M., Henderson, I., Somerville, D., & Main, C. J. (1993) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(93)90127-b · Cited by 3,167
The role of rumination in depressive disorders and mixed anxiety/depressive symptoms.
Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2000) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037//0021-843x.109.3.504 · Cited by 2,998
Attention and Self-Regulation : A Control-Theory Approach to Human Behavior
Carver, C. S., & Scheier, M. F. (1981) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,580
Fear of movement/(re)injury in chronic low back pain and its relation to behavioral performance
Vlaeyen, J. W. S., Kole-Snijders, A. M. J., Boeren, R. G. B., & van Eek, H. (1995) · Pain · doi:10.1016/0304-3959(94)00279-n · Cited by 2,446
Self-citationThe fear-avoidance model of musculoskeletal pain: Current state of scientific evidence
Leeuw, M., Goossens, M. E. J. B., Linton, S. J., Crombez, G., Boersma, K., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2007) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-006-9085-0 · Cited by 2,261
Self-citationPain demands attention: A cognitive–affective model of the interruptive function of pain.
Eccleston, C., & Crombez, G. (1999) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.3.356 · Cited by 1,718
Self-citation
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Malec, 1977, Coping with pain: a self-management approach., JSAS Catalog of Selected Documents in Psychology, 7, 113
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 601–700 of 960
Pain Experiences and Their Relation to Opioid Misuse Risk and Emotion Dysregulation
Nauser, J., Nelson, C. I., Gross, R. T., & Vargovich, A. M. (2020) · Pain Research and Management · doi:10.1155/2020/7234625 · Cited by 6
Bonhof, C. S., van de Graaf, D. L., Wasowicz, D. K., Vreugdenhil, G., & Mols, F. (2022) · Supportive Care in Cancer · doi:10.1007/s00520-022-06971-1 · Cited by 6
Jain, N. K., Sharma, M., Wang, D., Ugiliweneza, B., Drazin, D. G., & Boakye, M. (2022) · Neurosurgery · doi:10.1227/neu.0000000000001935 · Cited by 6
Chojnacka-Szawłowska, G., Kloc, W., Zdun‐Ryżewska, A., Basiński, K., Majkowicz, M., Leppert, W., Kurlandt, P., & Libionka, W. (2019) · Pain Management Nursing · doi:10.1016/j.pmn.2019.02.009 · Cited by 6
Vandael, K., Meulders, M., Boer, C. V., & Meulders, A. (2019) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2019-0065 · Cited by 6
López-Roig, S., Peñacoba, C., Martínez‐Zaragoza, F., Abad, E., Catalá, P., Suso‐Ribera, C., & Pastor-Mira, M. D. L. Á. (2021) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000980 · Cited by 6
Williams, H., Silva, S. G., Simmons, L. A., & Tanabe, P. J. (2017) · Trials · doi:10.1186/s13063-017-1948-x · Cited by 6
Stress and Musculoskeletal Injury
Hartzell, M. M., Dodd, C. D. T., & Gatchel, R. J. (2017) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781118993811.ch12 · Cited by 6
Ehsani, F., Masoudi, M., Hedayati, R., & Jaberzadeh, S. J. (2023) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/ejn.16090 · Cited by 5
Mind–body treatments for children with functional gastrointestinal disorders
Stein, K., Howarth, L. J., & Zucker, N. L. (2025) · BJPsych Advances · doi:10.1192/bja.2024.76 · Cited by 5
You, M. S., Mou, Q., Cao, X., Luo, M., Song, Y., Li, Q., Hu, H., & Song, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1584789 · Cited by 6
Black, W. R., Hart, H., Christofferson, J. L., Connelly, M. A., Goubert, L., Wallace, D. P., Ellingson, L. D., & Davis, A. M. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14217621 · Cited by 5
Maunder, L., Dargie, E., & Pukall, C. F. (2022) · The Journal of Sexual Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.02.016 · Cited by 5
Zhou, Y., Gao, X., Xu, J.-Y., Ding, X., Yuan, J., Du, S., Shi, X., & Wang, Y. (2024) · Heart & Lung · doi:10.1016/j.hrtlng.2023.12.006 · Cited by 5
Beyond the Hip: Clinical Phenotypes of Hip Osteoarthritis Across the Biopsychosocial Spectrum
Sergooris, A., Verbrugghe, J., Bonnechère, B., Klaps, S., Matheve, T., Vandeputte, F.-J., Corten, K., Bogaerts, K., & Timmermans, A. A. A. (2024) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm13226824 · Cited by 5
Kissi, A., Hughes, S., Ryckeghem, D. M. L. V., Houwer, J. D., & Crombez, G. (2020) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002088 · Cited by 5
Self-citationDibaj, I. S., Halvorsen, J. Ø., Kennair, L. E. O., & Stenmark, H. I. (2020) · Torture Journal · doi:10.7146/torture.v30i2.119788 · Cited by 6
Fabero‐Garrido, R., Plaza‐Manzano, G., Martín-Casas, P., del Corral, T., Navarro‐Santana, M. J., & López‐de‐Uralde‐Villanueva, I. (2022) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2021.12.011 · Cited by 5
Gevers‐Montoro, C., Deldar, Z., Furlan, A. D., Lazar, E. A., Ghalibaf, E., Ortega, A., & Khatibi, A. (2022) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.1968 · Cited by 4
Pérez, A. M. L., Collado‐Mateo, D., Gil-Arias, A., Gutiérrez, L., Écija, C., Catalá, P., & Peñacoba, C. (2023) · Biology · doi:10.3390/biology12010085 · Cited by 9
Buzzanca-Fried, K. E., Morgan‐Daniel, J., Snyder, A., Bauer, R. M., Lahey, S. M., Addeo, R., Houck, Z. M., Perez, C., & Beneciuk, J. M. (2023) · Campbell Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/cl2.1311 · Cited by 5
Fischer-Jbali, L. R., Alacreu‐Crespo, A., Galvez-Sánchez, C. M., & Montoro, C. I. (2024) · International Journal of Psychophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2024.112327 · Cited by 6
Forgács‐Kristóf, K., Ádám, S., Vargay, A., & Major, J. (2024) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.14031 · Cited by 5
Emotional Aspects of Chronic Pain
Allaz, A., & Cedraschi, C. (2015) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-12033-1_2 · Cited by 8
Action observation as a treatment option for fear avoidance behavior in chronic spinal pain
Neelapala, Y. V. R., & Shankaranarayana, A. M. (2019) · Medical Hypotheses · doi:10.1016/j.mehy.2019.109535 · Cited by 6
Clauwaert, A., Schouppe, S., Oosterwijck, J. V., Danneels, L. A., & Damme, S. V. (2020) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000823 · Cited by 5
Blanco, S., Luque-Reca, O., Catalá, P., Bedmar, D., Furlong, L. V., & Peñacoba, C. (2020) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph17228442 · Cited by 5
Fear-Avoidance Behavior and Sickness Absence in Patients with Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders
Macías-Toronjo, I., Sánchez‐Ramos, J. L., Ocaña, M. J. R., & Garcia-Navarro, E. B. (2020) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina56120646 · Cited by 5
Pain anxiety and rehabilitation outcomes after acquired brain injury
Williams, M., Rapport, L. J., Sander, A. M., & Parker, H. A. (2020) · Brain Injury · doi:10.1080/02699052.2020.1859614 · Cited by 5
Crosstalk of Pain and Thirst Perception: A Brief Review
Adams, J. D., Darcy, C., DeGrasse, A. G., Jordan, R., & Boscia, C. S. (2021) · Chemosensory Perception · doi:10.1007/s12078-021-09286-3 · Cited by 5
Gustavsson, C., & von Koch, L. (2022) · Health Expectations · doi:10.1111/hex.13469 · Cited by 5
Chronic pain, a narrative review for the internist in 2024
Sovaila, S., Purcărea, A., & Neculau, A. E. (2023) · Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.2478/rjim-2023-0035 · Cited by 6
Entstehung und Aufrechterhaltung von chronischen Schmerzen
Kappesser, J., & Hermann, C. (2013) · Psychotherapeut · doi:10.1007/s00278-013-1004-6 · Cited by 5
Coping is Important for Spouses Too
Suso‐Ribera, C., Yakobov, E., & Ribera, M. V. (2015) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000000328 · Cited by 5
Brooks, J., Deiches, J., Xiang, X., Batsis, J. A., Chan, F., DiMilia, P. R., Chiu, C., Thompson, K. L., & Bartels, S. J. (2018) · PubMed · Cited by 5
Gottlieb, U., & Springer, S. (2021) · Journal of Sport Rehabilitation · doi:10.1123/jsr.2020-0035 · Cited by 5
Well, I wouldn't start from here
Morley, S., & Williams, A. C. D. C. (2015) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000183 · Cited by 5
Koho, P. (2015) · Työväentutkimus Vuosikirja · Cited by 5
Buskbjerg, C., O'Toole, M. S., Zachariae, R., Jensen, A. B., Frederiksen, Y., Johansen, C., von Heymann, A., Speckens, A., & Johannsen, M. (2023) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2022-066505 · Cited by 4
ACT with Pain : measurement, efficacy and mechanisms of Acceptance & Commitment Therapy
Trompetter, H. (2014) · doi:10.3990/1.9789036537087 · Cited by 4
Fear of happiness and emotion regulation: Implications for personal and relational well‐being
Lee, H. A., Wan, C., & Yang, Y. (2025) · Asian Journal Of Social Psychology · doi:10.1111/ajsp.12672 · Cited by 5
Illness and treatment beliefs and health outcomes in chronic pain: a meta-analysis
Hagger, M. S., McKinley-Rodriguez, L. E., & Hamilton, K. (2025) · Psychology and Health · doi:10.1080/08870446.2025.2497417 · Cited by 7
Pain sensitivity mediates the relationship between empathy for pain and psychopathic traits
Atanassova, D. V., Brazil, I. A., Tomassen, C. E. A., & Oosterman, J. M. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-025-87892-x · Cited by 4
Black, L. L., Conroy, K., Lustberg, M. B., Salani, R., Andersen, B. L., & Carpenter, K. M. (2025) · Journal of Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s10865-025-00560-3 · Cited by 4
Humeau, T., Savard, I., Daniel Lemire, A., Dionne, P.-O., Mendoza, G. A. A., Plante, P., Pinard, A. M., & Roy, J. (2022) · Médiations et médiatisations · doi:10.52358/mm.vi12.287 · Cited by 4
Reconceptualizing pain‐related behaviour: Introducing the concept of bodily doubt
Fernandez, A. V., Hartvigsen, J., Ravn, S., Stilwell, P., & Kongsted, A. (2023) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/ejp.2105 · Cited by 4
Beckmann, E. A., Peterson, C. M., & Mano, K. E. J. (2023) · Children · doi:10.3390/children10091539 · Cited by 4
Biggs, E. E., Timmers, I., Heathcote, L. C., Tremblay-McGaw, A. G., Noel, M. E., Borsook, D., & Simons, L. E. (2024) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000003382 · Cited by 4
Becker, M. E., Levey, N., Yeh, G. Y., Giacino, J. T., Iverson, G. L., Silverberg, N. D., Parker, R. A., McKinnon, E., Siravo, C., Shah, P., et al. (2024) · JMIR Formative Research · doi:10.2196/64540 · Cited by 4
The tripartite structure of pain-related affect: a confirmatory factor analysis
Boichat, C., Eccleston, C., & Keogh, E. (2018) · Psychology Health & Medicine · doi:10.1080/13548506.2018.1488079 · Cited by 4
Self-citationDer Teufelskreis aus Schmerz, Angst und Bewegungsvermeidung: Ursachen und mögliche Auswege
Traxler, J., Glombiewski, J. A., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2020) · Der Schmerzpatient · doi:10.1055/a-0969-4227 · Cited by 4
Self-citationKipupystyvyyskyselyn ominaisuudet tuki- ja liikuntaelinkuntoutujilla
Karkkola, P., & Kuittinen, M. (2025) · Psykologia · doi:10.62443/psykologia.v52i4.144814 · Cited by 4
Aho, T., Sipilä, R. M., Kalso, E. A., & Harno, H. (2022) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2021-0163 · Cited by 4
Den Teufelskreis durchbrechen – Das Fear Avoidance Model und seine Therapieansätze
Traxler, J., Glombiewski, J. A., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2022) · physiopraxis · doi:10.1055/a-1737-8399 · Cited by 4
Self-citationGutiérrez, L., Pérez, A. M. L., Catalá, P., Écija, C., Collado‐Mateo, D., Gil-Arias, A., & Peñacoba, C. (2023) · Applied Sciences · doi:10.3390/app13021191 · Cited by 4
Chuchin, J., & Ornstein, T. J. (2023) · Disability and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1080/09638288.2023.2268520 · Cited by 5
Neuroticism and Fibromyalgia Syndrome: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis
Vesal, M., Asgari, K., Roohafza, H., & Adibi, P. (2023) · Middle East Journal of Rehabilitation and Health Studies · doi:10.5812/mejrh-139068 · Cited by 4
VULNERABILITY FACTORS, ADJUSTMENT, AND OPIOID MISUSE IN CHRONIC NON-CANCER PAIN INDIVIDUALS.
Ramírez-Maestre, C., Barrado-Moreno, V., Esteve, R., Serrano-Ibáñez, E., de la Vega, R., Ruíz-Párraga, G., Fernández-Baena, M., Jensen, M. P., & López-Martínez, A. E. (2024) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2024.104606 · Cited by 3
Fear reduction in subacute whiplash-associated disorders: The royal road to recovery?
Meulders, A., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2013) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2013.01.004 · Cited by 4
Self-citationDamme, S. V., & Moore, D. (2011) · Translational Behavioral Medicine · doi:10.1007/s13142-011-0083-6 · Cited by 4
Laker, S. R., Friedrich, J. M., Stanos, S. P., & Tyburski, M. D. (2015) · PM&R · doi:10.1016/j.pmrj.2015.09.017 · Cited by 4
Motor Responses to Noxious Stimuli Shape Pain Perception in Chronic Pain Patients
Heitmann, H., May, E. S., Tiemann, L., Schmidt, P. J., Nickel, M. M., Dinh, S. T., Hohn, V. D., Tölle, T. R., & Ploner, M. (2018) · eNeuro · doi:10.1523/eneuro.0290-18.2018 · Cited by 4
Jakobsen, M. D., Vinstrup, J., & Andersen, L. L. (2024) · Journal of Occupational Rehabilitation · doi:10.1007/s10926-024-10221-y · Cited by 3
Alnahdi, A. H., Aldaihan, M. M., & Alsubiheen, A. M. (2025) · Healthcare · doi:10.3390/healthcare13070800 · Cited by 3
Tan, S., Jaggi, A., Tasker, A. J., Borra, C., & Watson, F. C. E. (2025) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0324947 · Cited by 4
Sánchez-Sabater, A., Suso‐Martí, L., Núñez‐Cortés, R., López‐Bueno, R., Cruz‐Montecinos, C., Salazar‐Méndez, J., Orenga, V., Andersen, L. L., Casaña, J., & Calatayud, J. (2025) · Musculoskeletal Science and Practice · doi:10.1016/j.msksp.2025.103390 · Cited by 5
Espanioli, A., van den Hoogen, N. J., Kuziek, J. W. P., Sjonnesen, K., Noel, M. E., & Orr, S. L. (2025) · Headache The Journal of Head and Face Pain · doi:10.1111/head.15039 · Cited by 3
Gromakovskis, V., & Gūtmanis, M. (2025) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s564395 · Cited by 4
Rethinking coping in chronic pain: a systematic review and dynamic interaction model of coping
Blandhol, M., Lee, S. Y., & Ellingsen, D. (2026) · PAIN Reports · doi:10.1097/pr9.0000000000001421 · Cited by 4
Özden, F., Özkeskin, M., Tümtürk, İ., Özlek, E., & Özlek, B. (2023) · Journal of Basic and Clinical Health Sciences · doi:10.30621/jbachs.1173700 · Cited by 3
Engineering Psychology of Facial Plastic Surgery Patients
Tokgöz, E., & Carro, M. A. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-31168-0_11 · Cited by 2
Silva, G. Z. M., de Lira, M. R., Garcêz, L. R., George, S. Z., Neblett, R., Pezolato, A., de Lima, T. C., & Chaves, T. C. (2024) · Evaluation & the Health Professions · doi:10.1177/01632787241264588 · Cited by 3
Lepping, R. J., Hoffart, C. M., Bruce, A. S., Taylor, J. M., Mardis, N., Lim, S.-L., & Wallace, D. P. (2024) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0000000000001237 · Cited by 4
Prevalence of anhedonia in women with deep endometriosis
Mallorquí, A., Fortuna, A., Segura, E., Cardona, G. G., Espinosa, M., Quintas, L., Gràcia, M., Angulo-Antúnez, E., Carmona, F., & Martínez‐Zamora, M. Á. (2025) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-024-84772-8 · Cited by 3
Pagels, L., Meulders, A., Szikszay, T. M., Adamczyk, W. M., Barnekow, M., & Luedtke, K. (2025) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2025.105410 · Cited by 3
Pain-related fear and functional recovery in sciatica: results from a 2-year observational study
Haugen, A. J., Grøvle, L., Brox, J. I., Natvig, B., & Grotle, M. (2016) · Journal of Pain Research · doi:10.2147/jpr.s115003 · Cited by 3
Masuy, R., Bamelis, L. L. M., Bogaerts, K., Depreitere, B., Smedt, K. D., Ceuppens, J., Lenaert, B., Lonneville, S., Peuskens, D., Lerbeirghe, J. V., et al. (2022) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-022-00736-5 · Cited by 3
Self-citationDevelopment and validation of a military fear avoidance questionnaire
Cooper, C., Frey, B. B., & Day, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Rehabilitation Sciences · doi:10.3389/fresc.2022.979776 · Cited by 3
Odole, A., Alegbeleye, O. A., Ekediegwu, E., Onyeso, O. K., Mbada, C., & Akosile, C. O. (2022) · European Journal of Physiotherapy · doi:10.1080/21679169.2022.2140824 · Cited by 3
Relating the visceral factor of pain to domain‐specific risk attitudes
König, A., Linkohr, B., Peters, A., Ladwig, K., Laxy, M., & Schwettmann, L. (2023) · Journal of Behavioral Decision Making · doi:10.1002/bdm.2323 · Cited by 3
Catalá, P., Gutiérrez, L., Écija, C., & Peñacoba, C. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12010047 · Cited by 3
Pavlovian-to-instrumental transfer in individuals with chronic pain
Krypotos, A., Sjouwerman, R., Teppers, M., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2024) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104491 · Cited by 3
Self-citationKołodziejczak, K., Wilhelm, L. O., Diering, L., Zipper, V., Maas, J., Schäfer, T., Pumberger, M., Schmidt, H., Stein, C., & Fleig, L. (2025) · Applied Psychology Health and Well-Being · doi:10.1111/aphw.70080 · Cited by 3
Mahajan, P., Dayan, P., & Seymour, B. (2026) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1013538 · Cited by 4
Tribian, A., Vinstrup, J., Sundstrup, E., Jay, K., Bös, K., & Andersen, L. L. (2018) · Scandinavian Journal of Pain · doi:10.1515/sjpain-2017-0136 · Cited by 3
Turner, S. G., Hooker, K. A., & Stawski, R. S. (2020) · The Journals of Gerontology Series B · doi:10.1093/geronb/gbaa151 · Cited by 3
Chaves, T. C., Stanton, T. R., Grant, A. R., Pulling, B. W., Madden, V. J., Newport, R., & Moseley, G. L. (2021) · Journal of Pain · doi:10.1016/j.jpain.2021.01.004 · Cited by 3
Children’s Beliefs about Pain: An Exploratory Analysis
Ives, L. T., Stein, K., Rivera‐Cancel, A. M., Nicholas, J. K., Caldwell, K., Datta, N., Mauro, C., EGGER, H. L., Puffer, E. S., & Zucker, N. L. (2021) · Children · doi:10.3390/children8060452 · Cited by 3
A Biobehavioral Pain Hygiene Model: Narrative Review and Conceptualization
Saravanan, A., & Reagan, L. (2021) · Topics in Pain Management · doi:10.1097/01.tpm.0000756300.54102.46 · Cited by 3
Substantive review of the literature of medication treatment of chronic low back pain among adults
Falope, E. O., & Appel, S. J. (2014) · Journal of the American Association of Nurse Practitioners · doi:10.1002/2327-6924.12155 · Cited by 5
Role of Kinesiophobia in Lowback Pain
Agnihotri, M., & Gaurav, M. (2014) · IOSR Journal of Nursing and health Science · doi:10.9790/1959-03144446 · Cited by 3
Messing, K. (2015) · International Journal of Health Services · doi:10.1177/0020731415595337 · Cited by 3
An Ecological and Life Span Approach of Social Influences on Childhood Pain Experiences
Caes, L., Goubert, L., & Simons, L. E. (2018) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-78340-6_18 · Cited by 3
Kent, M., Mardian, A. S., Hustead, M. L.-R., Gress‐Smith, J. L., Ciciolla, L. M., Kim, J. L., & Scott, B. A. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2021.613341 · Cited by 5
Gandhi, W., de Vos, C. C., Becker, S., Hoge, R. D., Hoeppli, M., & Schweinhardt, P. (2021) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000002472 · Cited by 3
Expositionstherapie bei chronischen Rückenschmerzen: Nicht ohne Verhaltensexperimente
Schemer, L., Riecke, J., & Glombiewski, J. A. (2020) · Verhaltenstherapie · doi:10.1159/000510169 · Cited by 3
To focus on pain or not to focus? WHEN is the question
Sharpe, L. (2019) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001615 · Cited by 3
Balancing safety and efficiency in human decision makingPreprint
Mahajan, P., Tong, S., Lee, S. W., & Seymour, B. (2024) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.101371.1 · Cited by 3
Goldsmith, K., Hudson, J. L., Chalder, T., Dennison, L., & Moss-Morris, R. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103594 · Cited by 2
Vermeir, J. F., White, M. J., Johnson, D. M., Crombez, G., & Ryckeghem, D. M. L. V. (2024) · JMIR Serious Games · doi:10.2196/50635 · Cited by 2
Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Crombez, G., Eccleston, C., Van Damme, S., Vlaeyen, J. W. S., & Karoly, P.
- Affiliations
- Ghent University (BE)
- KU Leuven (BE)
- Maastricht University (NL)
- Arizona State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Crombez, Geert
- Venue
- The Clinical Journal of Pain
- Published
- 2012-07
- Volume
- 28
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 475-483
- ISSN
- 0749-8047 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2091637698
- Cited by
- 960
- References
- 116
- Citations by year
- 2026: 65 · 2025: 67 · 2024: 80 · 2023: 75 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 79 · 2020: 83 · 2019: 65 · 2018: 78 · 2017: 59 · 2016: 63 · 2015: 59 · 2014: 59 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- biblio.ugent.be
- Licence
- other-oa
- Locations
- Clinical Journal of Pain (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Lirias (KU Leuven) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- Universiteit Gent (BOF-GOA2006/001)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Pediatric Pain Management Techniques
- Keywords
- fear-avoidance model, chronic pain, fear of pain, avoidance behavior, disability, functional recovery, goals, self-regulation, psychopathology
- MeSH terms
- Anxiety, Avoidance Learning, Fear, Forecasting, Humans, Models, Psychological, Chronic Pain
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
