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Cited by 114Smoking Behavior and CessationPrenatal Substance Exposure EffectsPregnancy and Medication Impact

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 30 of the 31 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Nicotine Gum for Pregnant Smokers: A Randomized Controlled Trial

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Oncken, Cheryl, Dornelas, Ellen, Greene, John, Sankey, Heather, Glasmann, Allen, Feinn, Richard, Kranzler, Henry R.·2008·Obstetrics & Gynecology
DOI 10.1097/aog.0b013e318187e1ecPMC PMC2630492
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the safety and efficacy of treatment with 2-mg nicotine gum for smoking cessation during pregnancy. METHODS: Pregnant women who smoked daily received individualized behavioral counseling and random assignment to a 6-week treatment with 2-mg nicotine gum or placebo followed by a 6-week taper period. Women who did not quit smoking were instructed to reduce the number of cigarettes smoked by substituting with gum. Measures of tobacco exposure were obtained throughout the study. RESULTS: Participants in the nicotine (n = 100) and placebo (n = 94) groups were comparable in age, race/ethnicity, and smoking history. Biochemically validated smoking-cessation rates were not significantly higher with nicotine gum compared with placebo (after 6 weeks of treatment: 13% compared with 9.6%, P=.45; at 32-34 weeks of gestation: 18% compared with 14.9%, P=.56). Using a completer analysis, nicotine gum significantly reduced the number of cigarettes smoked per day (nicotine gum: -5.7 [standard deviation (SD)=6.0]; placebo: -3.5 [SD=5.7], P=.035), and cotinine concentration (nicotine gum: -249 ng/mL [SD=397]; placebo: -112 ng/mL [SD=333]; P=.04). Birth weights were significantly greater with nicotine gum compared with placebo (3,287 g [SD=566] and 2,950 g [SD=653], respectively, P<.001). Gestational age was also greater with nicotine-replacement therapy than with placebo (38.9 weeks [SD=1.7] and 38.0 weeks [SD=3.3], respectively; P=.014). CONCLUSION: Although nicotine gum did not increase quit rates, use of nicotine gum increased birth weight and gestational age, two key parameters in predicting neonatal wellbeing.

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  1. First, 2002, Structured clinical interview for DSM-IV-TR axis I disorders, research version, patient edition with psychotic screen (SCID-I/P W/PSY SCREEN).

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Metadata

Authors
Oncken, C., Dornelas, E., Greene, J., Sankey, H., Glasmann, A., Feinn, R., & Kranzler, H. R.
Affiliations
  • University of Connecticut (US)
  • Hartford Hospital (US)
  • Baystate Medical Center (US)
  • Yale University (US)
ORCID
Venue
Obstetrics & Gynecology
Publisher
Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published
2008-10
Volume
112
Issue
4
Pages
859-867
ISSN
0029-7844 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1097/aog.0b013e318187e1ec
PMC
PMC2630492
OpenAlex
W2135464095
Cited by
114
References
31
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 10
FWCI
7.70
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Obstetrics and Gynecology (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (K24 AA13736, P50AA015632, K24AA013736)
  • National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA015167, R01-DA15167, P50DA013334)
  • National Center for Research Resources (M01RR006192)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Prenatal Substance Exposure Effects
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Pregnancy and Medication Impact
Keywords
nicotine gum, smoking cessation, pregnancy, nicotine replacement therapy, birth weight, gestational age, cotinine, tobacco smoke exposure, behavioral counseling
MeSH terms
Birth Weight, Chewing Gum, Cotinine, Counseling, Double-Blind Method, Female, Humans, Nicotine, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, Prospective Studies, Smoking Cessation, Nicotinic Agonists

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