Medical Management of Endometriosis
Open accessAbstract
Endometriosis is a chronic medical condition that affects around 6% to 10% of reproductive age women. Pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, and infertility are the most common presenting symptoms. The disease is characterized by estrogen-dependent growth of the endometrial glands and stroma outside the endometrial cavity. The diagnosis requires a high degree of suspicion and can be only confirmed on histopathology. Treatment includes medical and surgical options. Both hormonal and nonhormonal medical options are available and are tried at first with a goal to control pain and stop the growth of the endometriotic lesions. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral contraceptive pills, gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonists, aromatase inhibitors are some of the commonly used medications. With more research on the molecular and biochemical aspects of endometriosis, newer targets of therapy are being developed like selective progesterone receptor modulators, antiangiogenic factors and immunomodulators. In women who do not respond to medical therapy or have severe symptoms, surgical excision of the endometrial lesions and adhesions is often helpful and offers confirmatory diagnosis by histopathology.
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Aromatase inhibitors block estrogen synthesis in the periphery and ovaries.
“Aromatase inhibitors (AIs) block estrogen synthesis both in the periphery and in the ovaries [276].”
From Hormonal treatments for endometriosis: The endocrine background (2022) · cites this paper as [276]
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Hormonal treatments for endometriosis: The endocrine background
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Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogues for endometriosis
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- Authors
- RAFIQUE, S., & DECHERNEY, A. H.
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- RAFIQUE, SAIMA
- Venue
- Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology
- Published
- 2017-09
- Volume
- 60
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 485-496
- ISSN
- 0009-9201 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC5794019
- OpenAlex
- W2624382807
- Cited by
- 173
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 7 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 27 · 2022: 32 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 15 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 12.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Clinical Obstetrics & Gynecology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99HD999999)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Reproductive Medicine › Endometriosis Research and Treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gynecological conditions and treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Ectopic Pregnancy Diagnosis and Management
- Keywords
- endometriosis, medical management, hormone therapy, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, oral contraceptives, GnRH agonist, aromatase inhibitors, selective progesterone receptor modulators, anti-angiogenic therapy, immunomodulators, pelvic pain, dysmenorrhea, infertility, surgical excision, adhesiolysis, histopathological diagnosis
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal, Combined Modality Therapy, Dysmenorrhea, Endometriosis, Endometrium, Female, Hormones, Humans, Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone, Treatment Outcome, Pelvic Pain, Angiogenesis Inhibitors, Pain Management
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