Cited by 143Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patientsMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerDiabetes Management and Research

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Glucose metabolism in lymphoid and inflammatory cells and tissues

Calder, Philip C, Dimitriadis, George, Newsholme, Philip·2007·Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care

DOI 10.1097/mco.0b013e3281e72ad4

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Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To examine the role of glucose as a fuel for immune cells and the influence of glucose supply on immune-cell functional responses. RECENT FINDINGS: Immune cells express the insulin receptor and a range of glucose-transporter isoforms. Glucose transporters are responsive to both immune stimulation and insulin. The pattern of glucose-transporter upregulation differs among different types of immune cell. In-vitro studies reveal that both hypo- and hyperglycaemia impair immune-cell functions and promote inflammatory responses. Clamp studies have revealed proinflammatory effects of hyperglycaemia and antiinflammatory and immune-promoting effects of insulin. SUMMARY: Glucose is readily utilized by cells of the immune system and is used to generate energy and biosynthetic precursors. Activation of immune cells is associated with increased glucose utilization and this is facilitated, in part, by increased expression of glucose transporters. Immune cells express the insulin receptor and respond to insulin. Both hypo- and hyperglycaemia impair immune-cell functions and promote inflammatory responses. Insulin therapy in hyperglycaemic subjects may be of benefit through effects of both insulin itself and lowered glucose concentration. Excessive lowering of blood glucose concentration may also be harmful to the immune response.

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Nutrient sensing and inflammation in metabolic diseases
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“In vitro experiments demonstrate a substantial increase in glucose consumption by activated immune cells, as glucose is their primary fuel and an important biosynthetic precursor (Calder et al., 2007; Palsson-McDermott and O’Neill, 2013).”
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Authors: Calder, P. C., Dimitriadis, G., & Newsholme, P.
Affiliations: University of Southampton (GB)
University General Hospital Attikon (GR)
University College Dublin (IE)
Corresponding author: Calder, Philip C
ORCID: Calder, Philip C
Dimitriadis, George
Newsholme, Philip
Venue: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 2007-07
Volume: 10
Issue: 4
Pages: 531-540
ISSN: 1363-1950 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1097/mco.0b013e3281e72ad4
OpenAlex: W2042827948
Cited by: 143
References: 113
Citations by year: 2026: 1 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 18 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 0.66
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
ePrints Soton (University of Southampton) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hyperglycemia and glycemic control in critically ill and hospitalized patients
Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
Keywords: glucose metabolism, immune cells, glucose transporters, insulin receptor, insulin, hyperglycemia, hypoglycemia, inflammation, lymphocytes, energy metabolism, insulin therapy, immune function
MeSH terms: Gene Expression Regulation, Glucose, Humans, Hypoglycemic Agents, Immune System, Insulin, Lymphocyte Activation, Lymphocytes, Macrophages, Monocytes, Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative

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Glucose metabolism in lymphoid and inflammatory cells and tissues

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