Cited by 101Pain Mechanisms and TreatmentsMusculoskeletal pain and rehabilitationPain Management and Treatment

The Association of Pain With Protein Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Review of the Literature

DeVon, Holli A., Piano, Mariann R., Rosenfeld, Anne G., Hoppensteadt, Debra A.·2014·Nursing Research

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Pain is a key diagnostic criterion in many medical conditions. In the absence of self-reported pain, measurement of a proxy for pain, such as an inflammatory biomarker, could aid in diagnosis and disease management. OBJECTIVES: The aim was to determine if there is an association between inflammatory biomarkers and self-reported pain in individuals with medical conditions associated with the symptom of pain and to clarify whether inflammatory biomarkers might aid in the diagnostic process. METHODS: An integrative literature review was conducted. PubMed, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases were searched for articles published between January 2000 and September 2012. Inclusion criteria were original research testing a relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and pain, pain measurement, laboratory measure of inflammatory biomarkers, and a prospective single-group experimental design or comparative nonrandomized or randomized design. Excluded were studies describing an association between inflammatory biomarkers and treatment, risk, and generation; pathophysiology; or genetic polymorphisms/transcripts. Ten studies meeting inclusion criteria were reviewed. RESULTS: In most of the studies, baseline elevations in both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines were reported in painful conditions compared with healthy controls. In half of the studies, higher levels of proinflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-2 [IL-2], IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and CD40 ligand) were associated with greater pain. Proinflammatory cytokines decreased after treatment for pain in only two studies. DISCUSSION: The association between inflammatory markers varied in the direction and magnitude of expression, which may be explained by differences in designs and assays, disease condition and duration, variations in symptom severity, and timing of measurement. Elevation in anti-inflammatory cytokines in the presence of pain represents a homeostatic immune response. Further study is required to determine the value of cytokines as biomarkers of pain.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1097/nnr.0000000000000013

Cites

27 of 27 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
DeVon, H. A., Piano, M. R., Rosenfeld, A. G., & Hoppensteadt, D. A.
Affiliations
University of Arizona (US)
Venue
Nursing Research
Published
2014-01
Volume
63
Issue
1
Pages
51-62
ISSN
0029-6562 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2019421527
Cited by
101
References
27
Citations by year
2026: 8 · 2025: 13 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 8 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 6
FWCI
4.18
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nursing Research (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Institute of Nursing Research (R01NR012012)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pharmacology › Musculoskeletal pain and rehabilitation
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Treatment
Keywords
pain, inflammatory markers, cytokines, inflammatory cytokines, anti-inflammatory cytokines, C-reactive protein, TNF-α, interleukins, CD40 ligand, pain assessment, immune homeostasis
MeSH terms
Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Pain, Pain Measurement, Prospective Studies, Biomarkers, Cytokines

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review