Effect of Exercise on Cancer-Related Fatigue: A Meta-analysis
Abstract
Numerous randomized controlled trials have been conducted to determine efficacy of exercise on cancer-related fatigue. However, many trials lacked sufficient power to demonstrate significant differences, and little is known about how the effect of exercise differs depending on patient- and intervention-level characteristics. A meta-analysis was performed to determine whether exercise reduces fatigue compared with usual care or nonexercise control intervention in patients with cancer. The authors searched Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, The Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and CINAHL. Two authors independently extracted the data. Randomized controlled trials comparing exercise with control intervention in cancer patients in which fatigue was quantified were eligible. Seventy-two randomized controlled trials were identified, 71 in adults and 1 in children. Exercise had a moderate effect on reducing fatigue compared with control intervention. Exercise also improved depression and sleep disturbance. Type of exercise did not significantly influence the effect on fatigue, depression, or sleep disturbance. Exercise effect was larger in the studies published 2009 or later. There was only one pediatric study. The results of this study suggest that exercise is effective for the management of cancer-related fatigue.
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Moderate intensity aerobic training three times per week for at least 12 weeks or twice weekly combined aerobic plus resistance training for 6-12 weeks significantly reduces depressive symptoms in cancer survivors during and after treatment.
“Moderate intensity aerobic training performed three times per week and for at least 12 weeks or twice weekly combined aerobic plus resistance training lasting 6–12 weeks can significantly reduce depressive symptoms in cancer survivors during and after treatment(18, 19).”
From Exercise Guidelines for Cancer Survivors: Consensus Statement from International Multidisciplinary Roundtable (2019) · cites this paper as [19]
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Hacker, E. D. (2009) · Clinical journal of oncology nursing · doi:10.1188/09.cjon.31-39 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Does Exercise Reduce Cancer-Related Fatigue in Hospitalised Oncology Patients? A Systematic Review
Arnold, M., & Taylor, N. F. (2010) · Onkologie · doi:10.1159/000321145 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Physical exercise for cytotoxic drug-induced fatigue
Hartvig, P., Aulin, J., Wallenberg, S., & Wagenius, G. (2006) · Journal of Oncology Pharmacy Practice · doi:10.1177/1078155206070776 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Burr, J. F., Shephard, R. J., & Jones, L. W. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 10 · see citing works
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Exercise as medicine - evidence for prescribing exercise as therapy in 26 different chronic diseases
Pedersen, B. K., & Saltin, B. (2015) · Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports · doi:10.1111/sms.12581 · Cited by 3,514 · see citing works
CAMPBELL, K. L., WINTERS-STONE, K. M., WISKEMANN, J., MAY, A. M., SCHWARTZ, A. L., COURNEYA, K. S., ZUCKER, D. S., MATTHEWS, C. E., LIGIBEL, J. A., GERBER, L. H., et al. (2019) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000002116 · Cited by 2,988 · see citing works
Distress Management, Version 3.2019, NCCN Clinical Practice Guidelines in Oncology
Riba, M. B., Donovan, K. A., Andersen, B., Braun, I., Breitbart, W. S., Brewer, B. W., Buchmann, L. O., Clark, M. M., Collins, M., Corbett, C., et al. (2019) · Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network · doi:10.6004/jnccn.2019.0048 · Cited by 871 · see citing works
Clinical Oncology Society of Australia position statement on exercise in cancer care
Cormie, P., Atkinson, M., Bucci, L., Cust, A., Eakin, E., Hayes, S., McCarthy, A. L., Murnane, A., Patchell, S., & Adams, D. (2018) · Medical Journal of Australia · doi:10.5694/mja18.00199 · Cited by 452 · see citing works
Hilfiker, R., Meichtry, A., Eicher, M., Nilsson Balfe, L., Knols, R. H., Verra, M. L., & Taeymans, J. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2016-096422 · Cited by 396 · see citing works
Exercise and sleep: a systematic review of previous meta‐analyses
Kelley, G. A., & Kelley, K. S. (2017) · Journal of Evidence-Based Medicine · doi:10.1111/jebm.12236 · Cited by 258 · see citing works
Fuller, J. T., Hartland, M. C., Maloney, L. T., & Davison, K. (2018) · British Journal of Sports Medicine · doi:10.1136/bjsports-2017-098285 · Cited by 199 · see citing works
Seiler, A., Klaas, V., Tröster, G., & Fagundes, C. P. (2017) · Psycho-Oncology · doi:10.1002/pon.4489 · Cited by 176 · see citing works
Exercise interventions to improve sleep in cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Mercier, J., Savard, J., & Bernard, P. (2017) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2016.11.001 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Diorio, C., Schechter, T., Lee, M., O’Sullivan, C., Hesser, T., Tomlinson, D., Piscione, J., Armstrong, C., Tomlinson, G., & Sung, L. (2015) · BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12906-015-0529-3 · Cited by 66 · see citing works
Self-citationLin, K.-Y., Frawley, H. C., Denehy, L., Feil, D., & Granger, C. L. (2016) · Physiotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.physio.2016.02.006 · Cited by 38 · see citing works
- Authors
- Tomlinson, D., Diorio, C., Beyene, J., & Sung, L.
- Affiliations
- Hospital for Sick Children (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Sung, Lillian
- Venue
- American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation
- Published
- 2014-08
- Volume
- 93
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 675-686
- ISSN
- 0894-9115 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2334279947
- Cited by
- 220
- References
- 97
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 2
- FWCI
- 2.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Journal of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › Cancer survivorship and care
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Cancer-related cognitive impairment studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Childhood Cancer Survivors' Quality of Life
- Keywords
- physical activity, cancer-related fatigue, fatigue management, depression, sleep disorders, exercise type, cancer patients, childhood cancer, usual care comparison
- MeSH terms
- Depression, Fatigue, Female, Humans, Male, Motor Activity, Neoplasms, Sleep Wake Disorders, Yoga, Exercise, Comorbidity, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Walking
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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