Testosterone in Newly Diagnosed, Antipsychotic-Naive Men With Nonaffective Psychosis: A Test of the Accelerated Aging Hypothesis
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVE: Schizophrenia has been associated with age-related abnormalities, including abnormal glucose tolerance, increased pulse pressure, increased inflammation, abnormal stem cell signaling, and shorter telomere length. These metabolic abnormalities and other findings suggest that schizophrenia and related disorders might be associated with accelerated aging. Testosterone activity has a progressive decline with increasing age. METHODS: We tested the hypothesis that circulating biologically active testosterone is lower in newly diagnosed, antipsychotic-naive male patients with nonaffective psychosis than in matched control subjects. RESULTS: Patients (n = 33) were matched to control subjects (n = 33) for age, sex, body mass index, socioeconomic status of the family of origin, and smoking. The free androgen index, a measure of biologically active testosterone, was significantly lower in the psychosis group (mean [standard deviation] = 57.7% [26.1]) than in control subjects (71.6% [27.0], p = .04), with an effect size of 0.53. Multivariate analysis also supported the findings. In the psychosis group, free androgen index had a significant negative correlation with the conceptual disorganization item (r = -0.35, p = .049) but not with reality distortion (r = -0.21, p = .24), negative symptoms (r = 0.004, p = .98), or depression (r = -0.014, p = .94). CONCLUSIONS: Lower testosterone level is consistent with accelerated aging in nonaffective psychosis, but further testing of this hypothesis is needed.
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A study in age-dependent cognitive tests found a discrepancy of 20 years between persons with schizophrenia and the general population.
“A study in age-dependent cognitive tests found a discrepancy of 20 years between persons with schizophrenia and the general population (Fernandez-Egea et al. 2011), in accordance with the 20 years' shorter life expectancy.”
From Excess early mortality in schizophrenia. (2014) · cites this paper as Fernandez-Egea et al. 2011
The Introduction describes a hypothesis of accelerated aging in schizophrenia, but the Methods and Results examine testosterone activity, not age-dependent cognitive tests. Neither the supplied passages nor searches for cognitive tests and a 20-year difference found the claimed comparison with the general population in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.76)
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- Authors
- Fernandez-Egea, E., García-Rizo, C., Miller, B., Parellada, E., Justicia, A., Bernardo, M., & Kirkpatrick, B.
- Affiliations
- Augusta University (US)
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (ES)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Baylor Scott & White Health (US)
- Venue
- Psychosomatic Medicine
- Published
- 2011-10
- Volume
- 73
- Issue
- 8
- Pages
- 643-647
- ISSN
- 0033-3174 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4185195
- OpenAlex
- W2033479939
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 37
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2021: 3 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 4.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Psychosomatic Medicine (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK069265)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Schizophrenia research and treatment
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Hormonal and reproductive studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Sexual Differentiation and Disorders
- Keywords
- testosterone, free androgen index, non-affective psychosis, schizophrenia, accelerated aging, age-related testosterone decline, conceptual disorganization, negative symptoms, depression
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aging, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Psychotic Disorders, Testosterone, Time Factors, Antipsychotic Agents, Young Adult
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