Cited by 158Evolutionary Game Theory and CooperationExperimental Behavioral Economics StudiesEvolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior

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Multiple gossip statements and their effect on reputation and trustworthiness

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Sommerfeld, Ralf D, Krambeck, Hans-Jürgen, Milinski, Manfred·2008·Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences

DOI 10.1098/rspb.2008.0762PMC PMC2603203

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Abstract

Empirical and theoretical evidence from various disciplines indicates that reputation, reputation building and trust are important for human cooperation, social behaviour and economic progress. Recently, it has been shown that reputation gained in games of indirect reciprocity can be transmitted by gossip. But it has also been shown that gossiping has a strong manipulative potential. We propose that this manipulative potential is alleviated by the abundance of gossip. Multiple gossip statements give a better picture of the actual behaviour of a person, and thus inaccurate or fake gossip has little power as long as it is in the minority. In addition, we investigate the supposedly strong connection between reciprocity, reputation and trust. The results of this experimental study (with 11 groups of 12 students each) document that gossip quantity helps to direct cooperation towards cooperators. Moreover, reciprocity, trust and reputations transferred via gossip are positively correlated. This interrelation might have helped to reach the high levels of cooperation that can be observed in humans.

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Authors: Sommerfeld, R. D., Krambeck, H.-J., & Milinski, M.
Affiliations: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology (DE)
Max Planck Society (DE)
ORCID: Milinski, Manfred
Venue: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Publisher: The Royal Society
Published: 2008-07-29
Volume: 275
Issue: 1650
Pages: 2529-2536
ISSN: 0080-4649 (ISSN-L)
0962-8452
1471-2954
DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2008.0762
PMC: PMC2603203
OpenAlex: W2125299127
Cited by: 158
References: 73
Citations by year: 2026: 4 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 27.68
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Licence: royalsociety.org/journals/ethics-policies/data-sharing-mining/ (tdm)
Locations: Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
Social Sciences › Economics, Econometrics and Finance › Economics and Econometrics › Experimental Behavioral Economics Studies
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Keywords: gossip, reputation, trustworthiness, indirect reciprocity, cooperation, trust, reputation building
MeSH terms: Adult, Austria, Cooperative Behavior, Germany, Humans, Social Behavior, Social Desirability, Observation, Information Dissemination, Trust

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Multiple gossip statements and their effect on reputation and trustworthiness

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