The DOI matches its Crossref record; 12 of the 12 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The evolution of RNAi as a defence against viruses and transposable elements
Open accessAbstract
RNA interference (RNAi) is an important defence against viruses and transposable elements (TEs). RNAi not only protects against viruses by degrading viral RNA, but hosts and viruses can also use RNAi to manipulate each other's gene expression, and hosts can encode microRNAs that target viral sequences. In response, viruses have evolved a myriad of adaptations to suppress and evade RNAi. RNAi can also protect cells against TEs, both by degrading TE transcripts and by preventing TE expression through heterochromatin formation. The aim of our review is to summarize and evaluate the current data on the evolution of these RNAi defence mechanisms. To this end, we also extend a previous analysis of the evolution of genes of the RNAi pathways. Strikingly, we find that antiviral RNAi genes, anti-TE RNAi genes and viral suppressors of RNAi all evolve rapidly, suggestive of an evolutionary arms race between hosts and parasites. Over longer time scales, key RNAi genes are repeatedly duplicated or lost across the metazoan phylogeny, with important implications for RNAi as an immune defence.
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“For example, if RNAi is used experimentally to knock down gene expression, it can result in systemic silencing in moths and beetles (Baum et al. 2007; Mao et al. 2007), while in flies, which have no SID-1-like genes, transgene silencing has only a localized effect.”
The Piwi-piRNA Pathway Provides an Adaptive Defense in the Transposon Arms Race
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Endogenous siRNAs Derived from Transposons and mRNAs in Drosophila Somatic Cells
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Restricting retrotransposons: a review
Goodier, J. L. (2016) · Mobile DNA · doi:10.1186/s13100-016-0070-z · Cited by 436
Molecular mechanisms influencing efficiency of RNA interference in insects
Cooper, A. M., Silver, K., Zhang, J., Park, Y., & Zhu, K. Y. (2019) · Pest Management Science · doi:10.1002/ps.5126 · Cited by 435
Virus-Encoded microRNAs: An Overview and a Look to the Future
Kincaid, R. P., & Sullivan, C. S. (2012) · PLoS Pathogens · doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1003018 · Cited by 396
Revisiting the Relationship between Transposable Elements and the Eukaryotic Stress Response
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Metadata
- Authors
- Obbard, D. J., Gordon, K. H. J., Buck, A. H., & Jiggins, F. M.
- Venue
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2008-10-16
- Volume
- 364
- Issue
- 1513
- Pages
- 99-115
- ISSN
- 0962-8436 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-2970
- OpenAlex
- W2096246936
- Cited by
- 516
- References
- 12
- FWCI
- 32.78
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
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- Obbard, D. J., Gordon, K. H. J., Buck, A. H., & Jiggins, F. M. (2009). The evolution of RNAi as a defence against viruses and transposable elements. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2008.0168
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