Human influences on evolution, and the ecological and societal consequences
Open accessAbstract
Humans have dramatic, diverse and far-reaching influences on the evolution of other organisms. Numerous examples of this human-induced contemporary evolution have been reported in a number of ‘contexts’, including hunting, harvesting, fishing, agriculture, medicine, climate change, pollution, eutrophication, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, biological invasions and emerging/disappearing diseases. Although numerous papers, journal special issues and books have addressed each of these contexts individually, the time has come to consider them together and thereby seek important similarities and differences. The goal of this special issue, and this introductory paper, is to promote and expand this nascent integration. We first develop predictions as to which human contexts might cause the strongest and most consistent directional selection, the greatest changes in evolutionary potential, the greatest genetic (as opposed to plastic) changes and the greatest effects on evolutionary diversification . We then develop predictions as to the contexts where human-induced evolutionary changes might have the strongest effects on the population dynamics of the focal evolving species, the structure of their communities, the functions of their ecosystems and the benefits and costs for human societies. These qualitative predictions are intended as a rallying point for broader and more detailed future discussions of how human influences shape evolution, and how that evolution then influences species traits, biodiversity, ecosystems and humans. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Human influences on evolution, and the ecological and societal consequences’.
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Rapid evolutionary responses to human drivers are now seen in all major taxonomic groups.
“In addition, rapid evolutionary responses to human drivers are now seen in all major taxonomic groups ( 61 ).”
From Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change (2019) · cites this paper as [61]
The Introduction says humans frequently drive rapid evolution and describes an accelerating accumulation of diverse examples. The Abstract lists many human-driven contexts, but neither passage establishes that responses have been seen in all major taxonomic groups; a search for that taxonomic claim did not locate one in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.82)
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Pervasive human-driven decline of life on Earth points to the need for transformative change
Díaz, S., Settele, J., Brondízio, E. S., Ngo, H. T., Agard, J., Arneth, A., Balvanera, P., Brauman, K. A., Butchart, S. H. M., Chan, K. M. A., et al. (2019) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aax3100 · Cited by 2,773 · see citing works
- Authors
- Hendry, A. P., Gotanda, K. M., & Svensson, E. I.
- Affiliations
- McGill University (CA)
- University of Cambridge (GB)
- Lund University (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Gotanda, Kiyoko M.
- Venue
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
- Publisher
- The Royal Society
- Published
- 2017-01-19
- Volume
- 372
- Issue
- 1712
- Pages
- 20160028
- ISSN
- 0962-8436 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-2970
- PMC
- PMC5182424
- OpenAlex
- W2550892331
- Cited by
- 298
- References
- 144
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 25 · 2023: 25 · 2022: 64 · 2021: 39 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 22 · 2017: 23 · 2016: 9
- FWCI
- 22.60
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Apollo (University of Cambridge) (acceptedVersion)
- Lund University Publications (Lund University) (submittedVersion)
- Apollo
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Le Fonds Québécois de la Recherche sur la Nature et les Technologies
- Swedish Research Council
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Land Use and Ecosystem Services
- Keywords
- rapid evolution, directional selection, adaptive potential, genetic alterations, evolutionary diversification, population dynamics, community structure, ecosystem functioning, biodiversity, fishing, climate change, pollution, eutrophication, urbanization, habitat fragmentation, biological invasions, emerging infectious diseases, social consequences
- MeSH terms
- Biological Evolution, Humans, Human Activities, Phenotype, Ecosystem, Biodiversity, Climate Change
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
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