Cited by 571Bone Metabolism and DiseasesSignaling Pathways in DiseaseNuclear Receptors and Signaling

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Regulation of NFATc1 in Osteoclast Differentiation

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Kim, Jung Ha, Kim, Nacksung·2014·Journal of Bone Metabolism

Abstract

Osteoclasts are unique cells that degrade the bone matrix. These large multinucleated cells differentiate from the monocyte/macrophage lineage upon stimulation by two essential cytokines, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL). Activation of transcription factors such as microphthalmia transcription factor (MITF), c-Fos, NF-κB, and nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) is required for sufficient osteoclast differentiation. In particular, NFATc1 plays the role of a master transcription regulator of osteoclast differentiation. To date, several mechanisms, including transcription, methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, and non-coding RNAs, have been shown to regulate expression and activation of NFATc1. In this review, we have summarized the various mechanisms that control NFATc1 regulation during osteoclast differentiation.

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Crossref · 10.11005/jbm.2014.21.4.233

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Fig. 1 Induction of nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in osteoclasts. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) induces the NFATc1 gene via the NF-κB and c-Fos signaling pathway. Cooperation between RANKL and the costimulatory signals for receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) synergistically activates phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) and calcium signaling, which are critical for NFATc1 induction and activation. Activation of calcium signaling leads to the recruitment of NFATc1 to its own promoter for the robust induction of NFATc1. In contrast, RANKL downregulates anti-osteoclastogenic genes such as interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), V-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB), inhibitors of differentiation (Ids) and LIM homeobox 2 (Lhx2), which inhibit NFATc1 expression mediated by RANKL. RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand; OSCAR, osteoclast-associated receptor; PIR-A, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor-A; RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B; TREM-2, triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells-2; SIRPβ1, signal-regulatory protein β1; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6; FcRγ, Fc receptor common γ subunit; DAP12, DNAX-activating protein 12; IRF8, interferon regulatory factor-8; MafB, V-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B; Ids, inhibitors of differentiation; Lhx2, LIM homeobox 2; PLC-γ, phospholipase C-γ; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; NFATc1, nuclear factor-activated T cells c1.
Fig. 1 Induction of nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in osteoclasts. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL) induces the NFATc1 gene via the NF-κB and c-Fos signaling pathway. Cooperation between RANKL and the costimulatory signals for receptor activator of NF-κB (RANK) synergistically activates phospholipase Cγ (PLCγ) and calcium signaling, which are critical for NFATc1 induction and activation. Activation of calcium signaling leads to the recruitment of NFATc1 to its own promoter for the robust induction of NFATc1. In contrast, RANKL downregulates anti-osteoclastogenic genes such as interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8), V-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B (MafB), inhibitors of differentiation (Ids) and LIM homeobox 2 (Lhx2), which inhibit NFATc1 expression mediated by RANKL. RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand; OSCAR, osteoclast-associated receptor; PIR-A, paired immunoglobulin-like receptor-A; RANK, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B; TREM-2, triggering receptor expressed in myeloid cells-2; SIRPβ1, signal-regulatory protein β1; TRAF6, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6; FcRγ, Fc receptor common γ subunit; DAP12, DNAX-activating protein 12; IRF8, interferon regulatory factor-8; MafB, V-maf avian musculoaponeurotic fibrosarcoma oncogene homolog B; Ids, inhibitors of differentiation; Lhx2, LIM homeobox 2; PLC-γ, phospholipase C-γ; NF-κB, nuclear factor-kappa B; GSK3, glycogen synthase kinase 3; NFATc1, nuclear factor-activated T cells c1.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central
Fig. 2 Epigenetic regulation of nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in osteoclasts. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) induces phosphorylation of Cbl-b and c-Cbl in a Src kinase-dependent manner and subsequently induces NFATc1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) induces acetylation of NFATc1 via p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), and NFATc1 acetylation induces its stability. This acetylation is reversed by histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). RANKL induces the Jmjd3 gene, which enhances demethylation of H3K27me3 at the transcription start site (TSS) of NFATc1 and enhances RANKL-induced NFATc1 expression. RANKL reduces miR-124 expression, which directly targets NFATc1. M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; NFATc1, nuclear factor-activated T cells c1; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand; PCAF, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) and p300/CBP-associated factor; HDAC5, histone deacetylase 5; Jmjd3, jumonji domain-containing protein 3; TSS, transcription start site.
Fig. 2 Epigenetic regulation of nuclear factor-activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) in osteoclasts. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) induces phosphorylation of Cbl-b and c-Cbl in a Src kinase-dependent manner and subsequently induces NFATc1 ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL) induces acetylation of NFATc1 via p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF), and NFATc1 acetylation induces its stability. This acetylation is reversed by histone deacetylase 5 (HDAC5). RANKL induces the Jmjd3 gene, which enhances demethylation of H3K27me3 at the transcription start site (TSS) of NFATc1 and enhances RANKL-induced NFATc1 expression. RANKL reduces miR-124 expression, which directly targets NFATc1. M-CSF, macrophage colony-stimulating factor; NFATc1, nuclear factor-activated T cells c1; RANKL, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) ligand; PCAF, cyclic adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP) and p300/CBP-associated factor; HDAC5, histone deacetylase 5; Jmjd3, jumonji domain-containing protein 3; TSS, transcription start site.CC BY-NC · PubMed Central

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Metadata

Authors
Kim, J. H., & Kim, N.
Affiliations
Chonnam National University (KR)
Corresponding author
Kim, Nacksung
Venue
Journal of Bone Metabolism
Published
2014
Volume
21
Issue
4
Pages
233
ISSN
  • 2287-6375 (ISSN-L)
  • 2287-7029
OpenAlex
W2132541910
Cited by
570
References
69
Citations by year
2026: 54 · 2025: 43 · 2024: 54 · 2023: 64 · 2022: 58 · 2021: 57 · 2020: 68 · 2019: 51 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 17
FWCI
2.28
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Bone Metabolism (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bone Metabolism and Diseases
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Signaling Pathways in Disease
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
Keywords
NFATc1, osteoclastogenesis, transcriptional regulation, epigenetic regulation, DNA methylation, ubiquitination, acetylation, non-coding RNA, macrophage colony-stimulating factor, RANKL, MITF, c-fos, NF-κB, bone resorption

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