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Structural basis of human LRRK2 membrane recruitment and activation
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1126/science.adi9926
Abstract
Summary: Mutations in LRRK2 are the most common genetic cause of late-onset Parkinson’s disease (PD). LRRK2 encodes the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2), whose kinase activity is regulated by Rab29, a membrane-anchored GTPase. However, molecular mechanisms underlying Rab29-dependent recruitment and activation of LRRK2 remain unclear. Here we report cryo-EM structures of LRRK2–Rab29 complexes in three oligomeric states, illustrating snapshots of key steps during LRRK2 membrane recruitment and activation. Rab29 binds to the ARM domain of LRRK2, and disruption at the interface abrogates LRRK2 kinase activity. Activation of LRRK2 is underpinned by the formation of an unexpected Rab29-induced super-assembly containing two central kinase-active and two peripheral kinase-inactive LRRK2 protomers. Central protomers undergo pronounced oligomerization-associated rearrangements and adopt an active conformation. Our work reveals the structural mechanism for LRRK2’s spatial regulation controlled by Rab GTPases, provides mechanistic insights into pathogenic mutations and identifies new opportunities to design LRRK2 inhibitors for PD treatment.
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Highly accurate protein structure prediction with AlphaFold
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Metadata
- Authors
- Zhu, H., Tonelli, F., Alessi, D. R., & Sun, J.
- Affiliations
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (US)
- University of Dundee (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Zhu, Hanwen
- Tonelli, Francesca
- Sun, Ji
- Venue
- Science
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2022-04-26
- Volume
- 382
- Issue
- 6677
- Pages
- 1404-1411
- ISSN
- 0036-8075 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC10786121
- OpenAlex
- W4390046099
- Cited by
- 108
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 23 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 6
- FWCI
- 17.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Science (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- Discovery Research Portal (University of Dundee) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research (ASAP‐000463)
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital
- University of Dundee
- American Lebanese Syrian Associated Charities
- National Institutes of Health
- Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00018/1)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R00HL143037)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS129795)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Clinical Neurology › Parkinson's Disease Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Kinase Regulation and GTPase Signaling
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Cell Biology › Cellular transport and secretion
- Keywords
- LRRK2, Rab29, Parkinson's disease, kinase activation, protein oligomerization, tetrameric assembly, kinase inhibitor design, cryo-EM structure, protein complex structure
- MeSH terms
- Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2, Gain of Function Mutation, Antiparkinson Agents, Humans, Parkinson Disease, Drug Design, Catalytic Domain, Cryoelectron Microscopy, rab GTP-Binding Proteins, Protein Subunits, Protein Kinase Inhibitors, Protein Multimerization
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