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A deterministic, c-di-GMP-dependent genetic program ensures the generation of phenotypically similar, symmetric daughter cells during cytokinesis
Open accessPreprint — published as 10.1038/s41467-024-50444-4
Abstract
Phenotypic heterogeneity in bacteria results from stochastic processes or deterministic genetic programs. These deterministic programs often incorporate the versatile second messenger c-di-GMP, and by deploying c-di-GMP metabolizing enzyme(s) asymmetrically during cell division give rise to daughter cells with different c-di-GMP levels. By contrast, less is known about how phenotypic heterogeneity is kept to a minimum. Here, we identify a deterministic c-di-GMP-dependent genetic program that is hardwired into the cell cycle of Myxococcus xanthus to minimize phenotypic heterogeneity and guarantee the formation of phenotypically similar daughter cells during division. Cells lacking the diguanylate cyclase DmxA have an aberrant motility behaviour. DmxA is recruited to the cell division site and its activity switched on during cytokinesis, resulting in a dramatic but transient increase in the c-di-GMP concentration. During cytokinesis, this c-di-GMP burst ensures the symmetric incorporation and allocation of structural motility proteins and motility regulators at the new cell poles of the two daughters, thereby generating mirror-symmetric, phenotypically similar daughters with correct motility behaviours. These findings suggest a general c-di-GMP-dependent mechanism for minimizing phenotypic heterogeneity, and demonstrate that bacteria by deploying c-di-GMP metabolizing enzymes to distinct subcellular locations ensure the formation of dissimilar or similar daughter cells.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Pérez-Burgos, M., Herfurth, M., Kaczmarczyk, A., Harms, A., Huber, K., Jenal, U., Glatter, T., & Søgaard-Andersen, L.
- Affiliations
- Max Planck Institute for Terrestrial Microbiology (DE)
- University of Basel (CH)
- Venue
- Nature Communications
- Publisher
- openRxiv
- Published
- 2024-02-06
- Volume
- 15
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 6014-6014
- ISSN
- 2041-1723 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC11255338
- OpenAlex
- W4400735943
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 1
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 1
- FWCI
- 0.68
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Nature Communications (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) (acceptedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- National Science Foundation
- Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB987)
- Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (208107, 310030)
- Max-Planck-Gesellschaft
- Medizinischen Hochschule Hannover
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Bacterial biofilms and quorum sensing
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Bacterial Genetics and Biotechnology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Gene Regulatory Network Analysis
- Keywords
- c-di-GMP, phenotypic heterogeneity, Myxococcus xanthus, cytokinesis, diguanylate cyclase, cell division, motility, second messenger signaling, cell cycle regulation
- MeSH terms
- Bacterial Proteins, Cell Division, Cyclic GMP, Phenotype, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Myxococcus xanthus, Phosphorus-Oxygen Lyases, Escherichia coli Proteins, Cytokinesis
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