The Nodes of Ranvier: Molecular Assembly and Maintenance
Open accessAbstract
Action potential (AP) propagation in myelinated nerves requires clustered voltage gated sodium and potassium channels. These channels must be specifically localized to nodes of Ranvier where the AP is regenerated. Several mechanisms have evolved to facilitate and ensure the correct assembly and stabilization of these essential axonal domains. This review highlights the current understanding of the axon intrinsic and glial extrinsic mechanisms that control the formation and maintenance of the nodes of Ranvier in both the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and central nervous system (CNS).
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Healthy, myelinated axons contain organized clusters of proteins within and surrounding the node of Ranvier, including Caspr in the paranode and Kv1.2 in the juxtaparanode.
“Healthy, myelinated axons contain organized clusters of proteins within and surrounding the node of Ranvier, which includes contactin associated protein (Caspr) in the paranode and the potassium voltage-gated ion channel, Kv1.2, in the juxtaparanode [60–62].”
From Delayed short-term tamoxifen treatment does not promote remyelination or neuron sparing after spinal cord injury (2020) · cites this paper as [62]
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Dependence of nodal sodium channel clustering on paranodal axoglial contact in the developing CNS
Rasband, M. N., Peles, E., Trimmer, J. S., Levinson, S. R., Lux, S. E., & Shrager, P. (1999) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.19-17-07516.1999 · Cited by 325 · see citing works
Self-citationGliomedin mediates Schwann cell-axon interaction and the molecular assembly of the nodes of Ranvier
Eshed, Y., Feinberg, K., Poliak, S., Sabanay, H., Sarig-Nadir, O., Spiegel, I., Bermingham, J. R., & Peles, E. (2005) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2005.06.026 · Cited by 321 · see citing works
Self-citationNeurofascin assembles a specialized extracellular matrix at the axon initial segment
Hedstrom, K. L., Xu, X., Ogawa, Y., Frischknecht, R., Seidenbecher, C. I., Shrager, P., & Rasband, M. N. (2007) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.200705119 · Cited by 268 · see citing works
Self-citationThree mechanisms assemble central nervous system nodes of Ranvier
Susuki, K., Chang, K.-J., Zollinger, D. R., Liu, Y., Ogawa, Y., Eshed-Eisenbach, Y., Dours-Zimmermann, M. T., Oses-Prieto, J. A., Burlingame, A. L., Seidenbecher, C. I., et al. (2013) · Neuron · doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2013.03.005 · Cited by 186 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Rasband, M. N., & Peles, E.
- Affiliations
- Baylor College of Medicine (US)
- Weizmann Institute of Science (IL)
- Venue
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology
- Publisher
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
- Published
- 2015-09-09
- Volume
- 8
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- a020495
- ISSN
- 1943-0264 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4772103
- OpenAlex
- W2209818202
- Cited by
- 190
- References
- 4
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 12 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 26 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 26 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 1 · 2013: 2
- Type
- posted content
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Dr. Miriam and Sheldon G. Adelson Medical Research Foundation
- E-Rare
- Multiple Sclerosis Society
- Israel Science Foundation
- National Institutes of Health (NS044916, NS50220)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS 044916, R01NS069688, R01NS050220, R01NS044916, NS50220, NS069688, R37NS044916)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion Transport and Channel Regulation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- nodes of Ranvier, action potential propagation, myelinated axons, voltage-gated sodium channels, voltage-gated potassium channels, channel clustering, peripheral nervous system, central nervous system, axon maintenance
- MeSH terms
- Action Potentials, Axons, Central Nervous System, Models, Biological, Nerve Fibers, Myelinated, Synaptic Transmission, Ranvier's Nodes, Peripheral Nervous System
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