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Dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter: From the quark-gluon plasma to hadronic freeze-out

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Bass, S. A., Dumitru, A.·2000·Physical Review C

DOI 10.1103/physrevc.61.064909

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Abstract

We introduce a combined macroscopic-microscopic transport approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter, which is expected to be created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Super Proton Synchrotron, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the Large Hadron Collider. Our approach is capable of self-consistently calculating the freeze-out of the hadronic system, while accounting for the collective flow on the hadronization hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion. In particular, we perform a detailed analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and transverse flow.

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Steinheimer, J., Aichelin, J., Bleicher, M., & Horst Stöcker, B. (2017) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.95.064902 · Cited by 54
High-Energy Collision of Quarks and Mesons in the Schwinger Model: From Tensor Networks to Circuit QED
Belyansky, R., Whitsitt, S., Mueller, N., Fahimniya, A., Bennewitz, E. R., Davoudi, Z., & Gorshkov, A. V. (2024) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.132.091903 · Cited by 54
“The scattering proceeds in a multi-stage process and may encompass a wide range of phenomena, including the formation of exotic matter [2, 9], such as quark-gluon plasma [10, 11], thermal-ization [12, 13], fragmentation [14, 15], and hadronization [16, 17].”
Background
Hydro-kinetic approach to relativistic heavy ion collisions
Akkelin, S. V., Hama, Y., Karpenko, I., & Sinyukov, Y. M. (2008) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.78.034906 · Cited by 51
Hydrodynamics at large baryon densities: Understanding proton versus anti-proton v2 and other puzzles
Steinheimer, J., Koch, V., & Bleicher, M. (2012) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.86.044903 · Cited by 50
The quark-gluon plasma at RHIC
Heinz, U. (2003) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(03)01014-5 · Cited by 50
Rapid hydrodynamic expansion in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Bożek, P., & Wyskiel, I. (2009) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.79.044916 · Cited by 49
Strange hadron production in heavy ion collisions from SPS to RHIC
Blume, C., & Markert, C. (2011) · Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics · doi:10.1016/j.ppnp.2011.05.001 · Cited by 48
Correlation femtoscopy
Lednicky, R. (2006) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2006.06.040 · Cited by 48
Dynamical freeze-out in three-fluid hydrodynamics
Russkikh, V. N., & Ivanov, Y. B. (2007) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.76.054907 · Cited by 47
Emission angle dependent pion interferometry at RHIC and beyond
Heinz, U., & Kolb, P. F. (2002) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(02)02372-9 · Cited by 46
Ideal hydrodynamics for bulk and multistrange hadrons in sNN=200A GeV Au-Au collisions
He, M., Fries, R. J., & Rapp, R. (2012) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.85.044911 · Cited by 45
Ideal hydrodynamics and elliptic flow at CERN Super Proton Synchrotron (SPS) energies: Importance of the initial conditions
Elfner, H., & Bleicher, M. (2009) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.79.054904 · Cited by 45
Reconstruction of hadronization stage in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 AGeV/c
Akkelin, S. V., Braun‐Munzinger, P., & Sinyukov, Y. M. (2002) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(02)01165-x · Cited by 45
Eccentricity fluctuations in an integrated hybrid approach: Influence on elliptic flow
Elfner, H., & Bleicher, M. (2010) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.81.044906 · Cited by 44

Authors: Bass, S. A., & Dumitru, A.
Affiliations: Duke University (US)
ORCID: Bass, S. A.
Dumitru, A.
Venue: Physical Review C
Publisher: American Physical Society (APS)
Published: 2000-05-22
Volume: 61
Issue: 6
ISSN: 0556-2813 (ISSN-L)
1089-490X
DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.61.064909
OpenAlex: W2079231314
Cited by: 275
References: 153
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
FWCI: 10.00
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
arxiv.org
Licence: link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license (vor)
Locations: Physical Review C (publishedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
Keywords: quark-gluon plasma, relativistic hydrodynamics, hadronization, collective flow, crossflow, ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions

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Dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter: From the quark-gluon plasma to hadronic freeze-out

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