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Dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter: From the quark-gluon plasma to hadronic freeze-out
Open accessAbstract
We introduce a combined macroscopic-microscopic transport approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter, which is expected to be created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Super Proton Synchrotron, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the Large Hadron Collider. Our approach is capable of self-consistently calculating the freeze-out of the hadronic system, while accounting for the collective flow on the hadronization hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion. In particular, we perform a detailed analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and transverse flow.
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“This figure reveals an abnormal suppression when the energy density is ε > 2 . 5 GeV / fm 3 .”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [131]
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“[83]), or in a more simple approach the unstable particle resonances are allowed to decay, without further evolving the stable particle distributions.”
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“rature and chemical potential decrease. Once the temperature and chemical potential reach the phase transition critical values, the system starts to turn into a hadron gas, which happens at ˝ˇ10 fm/c [19]. After hadronization, the hadrons continue to interact with each other inelastically. When the inelastic hadronic…”
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“Note that more realistic than have an isothermal fireball is to admit that the fireball presents an inner region dominated by baryons (with higher effective temperature) and an outer layer, with lower effective temperature dominated by mesons, an image more compatible with hydro or transport calculations [25]-[30].”
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Self-citationAboona, B. E., Adam, J., Agakishiev, G., Aggarwal, I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Aitbayev, A., Alekseev, I. G., Alpatov, E., Alshammri, A. K., et al. (2026) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/4161-dflc
Metadata
- Authors
- Bass, S. A., & Dumitru, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Physical Review C
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2000-05-22
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- ISSN
- 0556-2813 (ISSN-L)
- 1089-490X
- OpenAlex
- W2079231314
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 10.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review C (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- quark-gluon plasma, relativistic hydrodynamics, hadronization, collective flow, crossflow, ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
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