The DOI matches its Crossref record; 153 of the 153 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Dynamics of hot bulk QCD matter: From the quark-gluon plasma to hadronic freeze-out
Open accessAbstract
We introduce a combined macroscopic-microscopic transport approach employing relativistic hydrodynamics for the early, dense, deconfined stage of the reaction and a microscopic nonequilibrium model for the later hadronic stage where the equilibrium assumptions are not valid anymore. Within this approach we study the dynamics of hot, bulk QCD matter, which is expected to be created in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the Super Proton Synchrotron, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider, and the Large Hadron Collider. Our approach is capable of self-consistently calculating the freeze-out of the hadronic system, while accounting for the collective flow on the hadronization hypersurface generated by the QGP expansion. In particular, we perform a detailed analysis of the reaction dynamics, hadronic freeze-out, and transverse flow.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“This figure reveals an abnormal suppression when the energy density is ε > 2 . 5 GeV / fm 3 .”
From Phase Transitions in the Early and Present Universe (2006) · cites this paper as [131]
Citations
Cites
(1990) · Cited by 4,363
Witten, E. (1984) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.30.272 · Cited by 3,452
Highly relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions: The central rapidity region
Bjorken, J. D. (1983) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.27.140 · Cited by 2,796
Chodos, A., Jaffe, R. L., Johnson, K., Thorn, C. B., & Weisskopf, V. F. (1974) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.9.3471 · Cited by 2,670
Parton fragmentation and string dynamics
Andersson, B., Gustafson, G., Ingelman, G., & Sjöstrand, T. (1983) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(83)90080-7 · Cited by 2,493
Barnett, R. M., Carone, C. D., Groom, D. E., TRIPPE, T. G., Wohl, C. G., Armstrong, B., Gee, P. S., Wagman, G. S., James, F., Mangano, M., et al. (1996) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.54.1 · Cited by 2,416
Relativistic hadron-hadron collisions in the ultra-relativistic quantum molecular dynamics model
Bleicher, M., Zabrodin, E. E., Spieles, C., Bass, S. A., Ernst, C., Soff, S., Bravina, L. V., Belkacem, M., Weber, H., Horst Stöcker, B., et al. (1999) · Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/25/9/308 · Cited by 1,730
Self-citationAichelin, J. (1991) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(91)90094-3 · Cited by 1,381
Remarks on the chiral phase transition in chromodynamics
Pisarski, R. D., & Wilczek, F. (1984) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.29.338 · Cited by 1,252
Quantum chromodynamics and the theory of superdense matter
Shuryak, E. (1980) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(80)90105-2 · Cited by 1,137
Superdense Matter: Neutrons or Asymptotically Free Quarks?
Collins, J. C., & Perry, M. J. (1975) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.34.1353 · Cited by 1,123
Cooper, F., & Frye, G. (1974) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.10.186 · Cited by 997
Event-by-event fluctuations in heavy ion collisions and the QCD critical point
Stephanov, M. A., Rajagopal, K., & Shuryak, E. (1999) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.60.114028 · Cited by 848
Andersson, B., Gustafson, G., & Nilsson-Almqvist, B. (1987) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(87)90257-4 · Cited by 786
Landau, L. D., Lifshitz, E. M., Sykes, J. B., Reid, W. H., & Feshbach, H. (1961) · Physics Today · doi:10.1063/1.3057567 · Cited by 786
(2018) · Physics Subject Headings (PhySH) · doi:10.29172/8c924dda-2265-44a8-9f05-24dcd1673123 · Cited by 652
Dissipative phenomena in quark-gluon plasmas
Danielewicz, P., & Gyulassy, M. (1985) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.31.53 · Cited by 548
Low, F. E. (1975) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.12.163 · Cited by 531
Formation of superdense hadronic matter in high energy heavy-ion collisions
Li, B.-A., & Ko, C. M. (1995) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.52.2037 · Cited by 502
Sorge, H., STÖCKER, H., & Greiner, W. (1989) · Annals of Physics · doi:10.1016/0003-4916(89)90136-x · Cited by 460
Aichelin, J., Rosenhauer, A., Peilert, G., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1987) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.58.1926 · Cited by 426
Quarks and gluons at high temperatures and densities
Cleymans, J. (1986) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(86)90169-9 · Cited by 399
Evidence for a Blast Wave from Compressed Nuclear Matter
Siemens, P. J., & Rasmussen, J. O. (1979) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.42.880 · Cited by 390
Intranuclear cascade calculation of high-energy heavy-ion interactions
Yariv, Y., & Fraenkel, Z. (1979) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.20.2227 · Cited by 387
Thermal and hadrochemical equilibration in nucleus-nucleus collisions at the SPS
Braun‐Munzinger, P., Stachel, J., Wessels, J. P., & Xu, N. (1996) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(95)01258-3 · Cited by 380
Pion interferometry of quark-gluon plasma
Pratt, S. (1986) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.33.1314 · Cited by 354
Dynamics of parton cascades in highly relativistic nuclear collisions
Geiger, K., & Müller, B. (1992) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(92)90280-o · Cited by 342
Unified Description of Freeze-Out Parameters in Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions
Cleymans, J., & Redlich, K. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.81.5284 · Cited by 341
Production of deuterons and pions in a transport model of energetic heavy-ion reactions
Danielewicz, P., & Bertsch, G. F. (1991) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(91)90541-d · Cited by 332
Microscopic Theory of Pion Production and Sidewards Flow in Heavy-Ion Collisions
Kruse, H., Jacak, B. V., & STÖCKER, H. (1985) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.54.289 · Cited by 332
Non-equilibrium properties of hadronic mixtures
Prakash, M., Prakash, M., Raju Venugopalan, B., & Welke, G. M. (1993) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(93)90092-r · Cited by 318
THE SEARCH FOR THE QUARK-GLUON PLASMA
Harris, J. W., & Müller, B. (1996) · Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science · doi:10.1146/annurev.nucl.46.1.71 · Cited by 317
Eskola, K., Kajantie, K., Ruuskanen, P. V., & Tuominen, K. (2000) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/s0550-3213(99)00720-8 · Cited by 306
The physics of the quark-gluon plasma
McLerran, L. (1986) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.58.1021 · Cited by 296
Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Bailey, S., Barnby, L. S., Bartke, J. G., Barton, R. A., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blyth, C. O., Bock, R., et al. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.2471 · Cited by 282
Relativistic hydrodynamics for heavy-ion collisions. I. General aspects and expansion into vacuum
Rischke, D. H., Bernard, S., & Maruhn, J. A. (1995) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(95)00355-1 · Cited by 278
Signatures of quark-gluon plasma formation in high energy heavy-ion collisions: a critical review
Bass, S. A., Gyulassy, M., Stöcker, H., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/25/3/013 · Cited by 269
Self-citationPrimordial black hole formation during the QCD epoch
Jedamzik, K. (1997) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.55.r5871 · Cited by 264
Multifragmentation, fragment flow, and the nuclear equation of state
Peilert, G., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, W., Rosenhauer, A., Bohnet, A., & Aichelin, J. (1989) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.39.1402 · Cited by 262
Parton equilibration in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Bíró, T. S., van Doorn, E., Müller, B., Thoma, M. H., & Wang, X.-N. (1993) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.48.1275 · Cited by 261
Two-stage equilibration in high energy heavy ion collisions
Shuryak, E. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.3270 · Cited by 253
The time-delay signature of quark-gluon plasma formation in relativistic nuclear collisions
Rischke, D. H., & Gyulassy, M. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(96)00259-x · Cited by 244
Hydrodynamics near the QCD Phase Transition: Looking for the Longest-Lived Fireball
Hung, C. M., & Shuryak, E. (1995) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.4003 · Cited by 243
Relativistic transport approach for nucleus-nucleus collisions from SIS to SPS energies
Ehehalt, W., & Cassing, W. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(96)00097-8 · Cited by 239
Relativistic hydrodynamics and heavy ion reactions
Clare, R., & Strottman, D. (1986) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(86)90090-6 · Cited by 233
Collective Expansion in High Energy Heavy Ion Collisions
Bearden, I. G., Boggild, H., Boissevain, J. G., Dodd, J. R., Erazmus, B., Esumi, S., Fabjan, C. W., Ferenc, D., Fields, D. E., Franz, A., et al. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.2080 · Cited by 233
Space-time description of ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions in the QCD parton picture
Geiger, K. (1995) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/0370-1573(95)96931-z · Cited by 228
Growth of bubbles in cosmological phase transitions
Ignatius, J., Kajantie, K., Kurki-Suonio, H., & Laine, M. (1994) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.3854 · Cited by 225
Choquet–Bruhat, Y. (2014) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780199666454.003.0010 · Cited by 218
Numerical simulation of medium energy heavy ion reactions
Aichelin, J., & Bertsch, G. F. (1985) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.31.1730 · Cited by 206
Csörgő, T., & Lörstad, B. (1996) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.54.1390 · Cited by 204
Hydrodynamical description of200AGeV/cS+Au collisions: Hadron and electromagnetic spectra
Sollfrank, J., Huovinen, P., Kataja, M., Ruuskanen, P. V., Prakash, M., & Raju Venugopalan, B. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.55.392 · Cited by 202
Evidence of Early Multistrange Hadron Freeze-Out in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Hecke, H. V., Sorge, H., & Xu, N. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.81.5764 · Cited by 192
Nature of the Deconfining Phase Transition in SU(3) Lattice Gauge Theory
Brown, F. R., Christ, N. H., Deng, Y., Gao, M., & Woch, T. J. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.2058 · Cited by 189
Primordial black hole formation during first-order phase transitions
Jedamzik, K., & Niemeyer, J. C. (1999) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.59.124014 · Cited by 180
Medium Effects in Kaon and Antikaon Production in Nuclear Collisions at Subthreshold Beam Energies
Laue, F., Sturm, C., Böttcher, I., Dȩbowski, M., Förster, A., Grosse, E., Koczoń, P., Kohlmeyer, B., Mang, M., Naumann, L., et al. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.1640 · Cited by 174
Cascade for relativistic nucleus collisions
Pang, Y., Schlagel, T. J., & Kahana, S. H. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.2743 · Cited by 162
Equation of state, radial flow, and freeze-out in high energy heavy ion collisions
Hung, C. M., & Shuryak, E. (1998) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.57.1891 · Cited by 159
The parton to hadron phase transition observed in Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon
Stock, R. (1999) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(99)00482-7 · Cited by 154
Monte Carlo calculation of high-energy heavy-ion interactions
Cugnon, J. (1980) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.22.1885 · Cited by 151
Dynamics of the QCD phase transition
Csernai, L. P., & Kapusta, J. I. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.69.737 · Cited by 145
Kajantie, K., & Matsui, T. (1985) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(85)90343-0 · Cited by 145
Amplification of cosmological inhomogeneities by the QCD transition
Schmid, C., Schwarz, D. J., & Widerin, P. (1999) · Physical Review D · doi:10.1103/physrevd.59.043517 · Cited by 132
Enhancement of central Λ, Ξ and yields in Pb-Pb collisions at 158 A GeV/c
Andersen, E., Antinori, F., Armenise, N., Bakke, H., Ban, J., Barberis, D., Beker, H., Beusch, W., Bloodworth, I. J., Böhm, J., et al. (1998) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(98)00689-3 · Cited by 132
Hadronic expansion dynamics in central Pb+Pb collisions at 158 GeV per nucleon
al., H. A. E. (1998) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/s100520050168 · Cited by 122
Geiger, K. (1992) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.46.4965 · Cited by 118
Deconfining phase transition in lattice QCD
Christ, N. H., & Terrano, A. E. (1986) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.56.111 · Cited by 114
Hadron yields and hadron spectra from the NA49 experiment
Jones, P. G., Afanasiev, S., Alber, T., Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Barnby, L. S., Bartke, J. G., Białkowska, H., Blyth, C. O., Bock, R., et al. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(96)00354-5 · Cited by 108
Particle production in high-energy nuclear collisions: Parton cascade—cluster hadronization model
Geiger, K. (1993) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.47.133 · Cited by 108
Evidence for a phase with high specific entropy in nuclear collisions
Jean Letessier, B., Tounsi, A., Heinz, U., Sollfrank, J., & Johann Rafelski, A. (1993) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.70.3530 · Cited by 105
Chemical equilibration of partons in high-energy heavy-ion collisions?
Geiger, K., & Kapusta, J. I. (1993) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.47.4905 · Cited by 102
Kataja, M., Ruuskanen, P. V., McLerran, L., & von Gersdorff, H. (1986) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.34.2755 · Cited by 102
Molitoris, J., & STÖCKER, H. (1985) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.32.346 · Cited by 101
Belkacem, M., Brandstetter, M., Bass, S. A., Bleicher, M., Bravina, L. V., Gorenstein, M. I., Konopka, J., Neise, L., Spieles, C., Soff, S., et al. (1998) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.58.1727 · Cited by 100
Self-citationSignificance of temperature measurements in relativistic nuclear collisions
St�cker, H., Ogloblin, A. A., & Greiner, W. (1981) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1007/bf01421522 · Cited by 99
Smilga, A. V. (1997) · Physics Reports · doi:10.1016/s0370-1573(97)00014-8 · Cited by 96
Primordial hadrosynthesis in the little bang
Heinz, U. (1999) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(99)85016-7 · Cited by 95
Nonequilibrium Phase Transition in Rapidly Expanding Matter
Mishustin, I. N. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.82.4779 · Cited by 95
Thermal and chemical equilibration in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Wong, S. M. H. (1996) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.54.2588 · Cited by 91
Shock-like freeze-out in relativistic hydrodynamics
Bugaev, K. A. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(96)00189-3 · Cited by 91
Physics and signatures of the quark-gluon plasma
Müller, B. (1995) · Reports on Progress in Physics · doi:10.1088/0034-4885/58/6/002 · Cited by 89
Bass, S. A., Dumitru, A., Bleicher, M., Bravina, L. V., Zabrodin, E. E., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.60.021902 · Cited by 88
Self-citationThe maximum lifetime of the quark-gluon plasma
Rischke, D. H., & Gyulassy, M. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(95)00447-5 · Cited by 87
Extracting source parameters from Gaussian fits to two-particle correlations
Chapman, S., Nix, J. R., & Heinz, U. (1995) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.52.2694 · Cited by 85
Srivastava, D. K., Mustafa, M. G., & Müller, B. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.56.1064 · Cited by 82
Temperatures and non-ideal expansion in ultrarelativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions
Sorge, H. (1996) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00110-4 · Cited by 78
Probing parton thermalization time with charm production
Müller, B., & Wang, X.-N. (1992) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.68.2437 · Cited by 76
A statistical model for quark fragmentation into mesons with emphasis on vector meson contributions
Andersson, B., Gustafson, G., & Peterson, C. (1978) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(78)90132-3 · Cited by 70
Geiger, K. (1997) · Computer Physics Communications · doi:10.1016/s0010-4655(97)00048-9 · Cited by 68
Freeze-out in hydrodynamical models
Anderlik, C., Csernai, L. P., Grassi, F., Greiner, W., Hama, Y., Kodama, T., Lázár, Z. I., Magas, V. K., & Horst Stöcker, B. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.59.3309 · Cited by 68
Space-time structure of initial parton production in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions
Eskola, K., & Wang, X.-N. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.49.1284 · Cited by 67
Transverse flow effects on high-energy photons emitted by expanding quark-gluon plasma
Alam, J., Srivastava, D. K., Sinha, B., & Basu, D. N. (1993) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.48.1117 · Cited by 67
Baryon-to-entropy ratio in very high energy nuclear collisions
Eskola, K., & Kajantie, K. (1997) · Zeitschrift für Physik C · doi:10.1007/s002880050495 · Cited by 65
Pion and thermal photon spectra as a possible signal for a phase transition
Dumitru, A., Katscher, U., Maruhn, J. A., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, W., & Rischke, D. H. (1995) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.51.2166 · Cited by 64
Self-citationTransverse baryon flow as possible evidence for a quark-gluon-plasma phase
Lévai, P., & Müller, B. (1991) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.67.1519 · Cited by 63
Transverse energy evolution as a test of parton cascade models
Gyulassy, M., Pang, Y., & Zhang, B. (1997) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(97)00604-0 · Cited by 62
Iwasaki, Y., Kanaya, K., Kaya, S., Sakai, S., & Yoshié, T. (1996) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.54.7010 · Cited by 62
Color conductivity and evolution of the minijet plasma
Eskola, K., & Gyulassy, M. (1993) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.47.2329 · Cited by 61
Large scale inhomogeneities from the QCD phase transition
Ignatius, J., Kajantie, K., Kurki-Suonio, H., & Laine, M. (1994) · Physical review. D. Particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology/Physical review. D. Particles and fields · doi:10.1103/physrevd.50.3738 · Cited by 61
Emelyanov, V. V., Khodinov, A., Klein, S. R., & Vogt, R. (2000) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.61.044904 · Cited by 59
Kajantie, K., & McLerran, L. (1983) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(83)90662-4 · Cited by 58
Dumitru, A., Bass, S. A., Bleicher, M., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(99)00805-9 · Cited by 58
Self-citationHadronization with a confining equation of state
Bíró, T. S., Lévai, P., & Zimányi, J. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.59.1574 · Cited by 57
Collective dynamics in highly relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Dumitru, A., & Rischke, D. H. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.59.354 · Cited by 57
Self-citationFreeze-out in relativistic heavy ion collisions at AGS energies
Bravina, L. V., Mishustin, I. N., Amelin, N. S., Bondorf, J. P., & Csernai, L. P. (1995) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(95)00680-j · Cited by 56
Chemical equilibration of strangeness
Sollfrank, J. (1997) · Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/23/12/015 · Cited by 55
Peaks above the Harrison-Zel'dovich Spectrum due to the Quark-Gluon to Hadron Transition
Schmid, C., Schwarz, D. J., & Widerin, P. (1997) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.78.791 · Cited by 55
The three-dimensional (2 + 1)-fluid model for relativistic nuclear collisions
Katscher, U., Rischke, D. H., Maruhn, J. A., Greiner, W., Mishustin, I. N., & Satarov, L. M. (1993) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1007/bf01306081 · Cited by 54
Ξ and production in 158 GeV/nucleon Pb+Pb collisions
Appelshäuser, H., Bächler, J., Bailey, S., Barna, D., Barnby, L. S., Bartke, J. G., Barton, R. A., Białkowska, H., Billmeier, A., Blyth, C. O., et al. (1998) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(98)01399-9 · Cited by 52
Spieles, C., STÖCKER, H., & Greiner, C. (1998) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/s100520050145 · Cited by 49
Particle emission in the hydrodynamical description of relativistic nuclear collisions
Grassi, F., Hama, Y., & Kodama, T. (1996) · Zeitschrift für Physik C · doi:10.1007/s002880050305 · Cited by 48
Hammon, N., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.61.014901 · Cited by 45
Schlei, B. R., Ornik, U., Plümer, M., Strottman, D. D., & Weiner, R. M. (1996) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(96)00202-x · Cited by 44
Nonideal particle distributions from kinetic freeze-out models
Anderlik, C., Lázár, Z. I., Magas, V. K., Csernai, L. P., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.59.388 · Cited by 44
Thermal particle and photon production in Pb+Pb collisions with transverse flow
Cleymans, J., Redlich, K., & Srivastava, D. K. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.55.1431 · Cited by 42
Scavenius, O., & Dumitru, A. (1999) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.83.4697 · Cited by 38
Self-citationPhoton production in an expanding and chemically equilibrating gluon-enriched plasma
K�mpfer, B., & Pavlenko, O. P. (1994) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01555909 · Cited by 35
Hydrodynamical analysis of symmetric nucleus-nucleus collisions near 200AGeV
Ornik, U., Plümer, M., Schlei, B. R., Strottman, D. D., & Weiner, R. M. (1996) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.54.1381 · Cited by 34
Preequilibrium evolution of quark-gluon plasma
Nayak, G. C., & Ravishankar, V. (1998) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.58.356 · Cited by 33
Phase transition dynamics in ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions
Csernai, L. P., Kapusta, J. I., Kluge, G., & Zabrodin, E. E. (1993) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01557703 · Cited by 33
Creation of Strange Matter at Low Initial μ/T
Spieles, C., Gerland, L., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, C., Kuhn, C. C., & Coffin, J. P. (1996) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.76.1776 · Cited by 33
Sinyukov, Y. M. (1989) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/bf01506535 · Cited by 33
Particle freeze-out and discontinuities in relativistic hydrodynamics
Bugaev, K. A., Gorenstein, M. I., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/25/10/312 · Cited by 33
Particle Freeze-out and Discontinuities in Relativistic HydrodynamicsPreprint
Bugaev, K. A., Gorenstein, M. I., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Cited by 33
Thermal open charm signals versus hard initial yields in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
Kämpfer, B., Pavlenko, O. P., Peshier, A., Hentschel, M., & Soff, G. (1997) · Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/23/12/025 · Cited by 32
αs dependence in the equilibration in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Wong, S. M. H. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.56.1075 · Cited by 32
Relativistic hydrodynamics for heavy-ion collisions. Freeze-out and particle spectra
Bernard, S., Maruhn, J. A., Greiner, W., & Rischke, D. H. (1996) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(96)00165-0 · Cited by 30
The relativistic buu approach: Analysis of retardation effects and meson-field radiation
Weber, K., Blättel, B., Koch, V., Lang, A. S., Cassing, W., & Mosel, U. (1990) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/0375-9474(90)90283-r · Cited by 29
Chemical Nonequilibrium in High Energy Nuclear CollisionsPreprint
Jean Letessier, B., & Johann Rafelski, A. (1999) · Cited by 29
Chemical nonequilibrium in high-energy nuclear collisions
Jean Letessier, B., & Johann Rafelski, A. (1999) · Journal of Physics G Nuclear and Particle Physics · doi:10.1088/0954-3899/25/2/018 · Cited by 27
Analytic solution for relativistic transverse flow at the softest point
Bíró, T. S. (2000) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(00)00018-6 · Cited by 26
Hadronization of a quark-gluon plasma in the chromodielectric model
Traxler, C. T., Mosel, U., & Bíró, T. S. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.59.1620 · Cited by 25
Idealized freeze-out in relativistic fluid dynamical models
Csernai, L. P., Lázár, Z. I., & Molnár, D. (1997) · Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics · doi:10.1007/bf03156121 · Cited by 25
Thermal equilibration in an expanding parton plasma
Heiselberg, H., & Wang, X.-N. (1996) · Nuclear Physics B · doi:10.1016/0550-3213(95)00680-x · Cited by 24
K�mpfer, B., Pavlenko, O. P., Gorenstein, M. I., Peshier, A., & Soff, G. (1995) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1007/bf01297729 · Cited by 23
Is the explosion of a quark-gluon plasma found?
Shuryak, E., & Zhirov, O. V. (1986) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/0370-2693(86)91006-3 · Cited by 23
Modeling the breakup stage of relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Pratt, S., & Murray, J. (1998) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.57.1907 · Cited by 22
Extracting the equation of state of nuclear matter through hydrodynamical analysis
Schlei, B. R. (1997) · Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics · doi:10.1007/bf03156116 · Cited by 20
Baryon junction stopping at the SPS and RHIC via HIJING/B
Vance, S. E., Gyulassy, M., & Wang, X. N. (1998) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(98)00394-7 · Cited by 20
Mass number scaling in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions from a hydrodynamical approach
Sollfrank, J., Huovinen, P., & Ruuskanen, P. V. (1999) · The European Physical Journal C · doi:10.1007/s100529800934 · Cited by 20
Bass, S. A., Hofmann, M., Bleicher, M., Bravina, L. V., Zabrodin, E., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (1999) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.60.021901 · Cited by 19
Self-citationThermal photons as a measure for the rapidity dependence of the temperature
Dumitru, A., Katscher, U., Maruhn, J. A., St�cker, H., Greiner, W., & Rischke, D. H. (1995) · The European Physical Journal A · doi:10.1007/bf01295896 · Cited by 19
Self-citationThe origin of transverse flow at the SPS
Bleicher, M., Spieles, C., Ernst, C., Gerland, L., Soff, S., Neise, L., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, W., & Bass, S. A. (1999) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(98)01599-8 · Cited by 18
Self-citationThermal photons as a measure for the rapidity dependence of the temperaturePreprint
Dumitru, A. B., Katscher, U., Maruhn, J., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, W., & Rischke, D.-H. (2006) · Publication Server of Goethe University Frankfurt am Main (Goethe University Frankfurt) · Cited by 18
Self-citationSTOPPING POWER IN NUCLEUS-NUCLEUS COLLISIONS AT $\sqrt{s} =200\ {\rm AGeV}$
Schönfeld, T., Horst Stöcker, B., Greiner, W., & Sorge, H. (1993) · Modern Physics Letters A · doi:10.1142/s0217732393003019 · Cited by 16
Calculation of the expansion rate of the three-volume measure in high-energy heavy-ion collisions
Dumitru, A. (1999) · Physics Letters B · doi:10.1016/s0370-2693(99)01018-7 · Cited by 15
Self-citationChiral model for dense, hot and strange hadronic matter
Zschiesche, D., Papazoglou, P., Beckmann, C., Schramm, S., Schaffner–Bielich, J., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, W. (2000) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/s0375-9474(99)00707-1 · Cited by 15
Confronting Particle Emission Scenarios with Strangeness Data
Grassi, F., & Socolowski, O. (1998) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.80.1170 · Cited by 13
Hadron and hadron-cluster production in a hydrodynamical model including particle evaporation
Dumitru, A., Spieles, C., Horst Stöcker, B., & Greiner, C. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.56.2202 · Cited by 12
Self-citationFinite temperature phase diagramm of QCD with improved Wilson fermions
Oevers, M., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., & Schmidt, P. (1998) · Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements · doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(97)00780-9 · Cited by 10
Probing the equation of state in Au+Au at 11 GeV/nucleon with (3+1) -dimensional hydrodynamics
Arbex, N., Ornik, U., Plümer, M., & Weiner, R. M. (1997) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.55.860 · Cited by 9
Comparing particle emission scenarios in hydrodynamics: Continuous emission vs. freeze-out
Grassi, F., Hama, Y., Kodama, T., & Socolowski, O. (1997) · Acta Physica Hungarica A) Heavy Ion Physics · doi:10.1007/bf03156117 · Cited by 7
Finite temperature phase diagram of QCD with improved Wilson fermions
Oevers, M., Karsch, F., Laermann, E., & Schmidt, P. (1999) · Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements · doi:10.1016/s0920-5632(99)85106-8 · Cited by 4
Research works printed but not linked: 9
- J. Rafelski, 1982, Phys. Rep., 331
- I. Mishustin, 1983, Sov. J. Nucl. Phys., 37, 532
- V. K. Magas, 1999, Heavy Ion Phys., 9, 193
- E. Andersen, 1999, J. Phys. G, 25, 181
- S. A. Bass, 1998, Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys., 41, 225
- C. W. Misner, 1973, Gravitation
- E. V. Shuryak, 1979, Phys. Lett., 89B, 253
- U. A. Wiedemann, 1997, Nucl. Phys., A638, 475c
- C. Bormann, 1997, J. Phys. G, 23, 1817
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Adams, J. R., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Amonett, J., Anderson, B. D., Arkhipkin, D., Averichev, G. S., Badyal, S. K., Bai, Y., Balewski, J. T., et al. (2005) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2005.03.085 · Cited by 3,381
Collective Flow and Viscosity in Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions
Heinz, U., & Snellings, R. J. M. (2013) · Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science · doi:10.1146/annurev-nucl-102212-170540 · Cited by 1,589
New forms of QCD matter discovered at RHIC
Gyulassy, M., & McLerran, L. (2004) · Nuclear Physics A · doi:10.1016/j.nuclphysa.2004.10.034 · Cited by 1,121
Romatschke, P., & Romatschke, U. (2007) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.99.172301 · Cited by 1,082
Abelev, B. I., Aggarwal, M. M., Ahammed, Z., Anderson, B. D., Arkhipkin, D., Averichev, G. S., Bai, Y., Balewski, J. T., Barannikova, O., Barnby, L. S., et al. (2009) · Physical Review C · doi:10.1103/physrevc.79.034909 · Cited by 970
Metadata
- Authors
- Bass, S. A., & Dumitru, A.
- Affiliations
- Duke University (US)
- Venue
- Physical Review C
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Published
- 2000-05-22
- Volume
- 61
- Issue
- 6
- ISSN
- 0556-2813 (ISSN-L)
- 1089-490X
- OpenAlex
- W2079231314
- Cited by
- 275
- References
- 153
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 13 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 10.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Locations
- Physical Review C (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › High-Energy Particle Collisions Research
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Quantum Chromodynamics and Particle Interactions
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Particle physics theoretical and experimental studies
- Keywords
- quark-gluon plasma, relativistic hydrodynamics, hadronization, collective flow, crossflow, ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
