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Cited by 4,762Traffic control and managementEvacuation and Crowd DynamicsTraffic Prediction and Management Techniques

Congested traffic states in empirical observations and microscopic simulations

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Treiber, Martin, Hennecke, Ansgar, Helbing, Dirk·2000·Physical Review E
DOI 10.1103/physreve.62.1805
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Abstract

We present data from several German freeways showing different kinds of congested traffic forming near road inhomogeneities, specifically lane closings, intersections, or uphill gradients. The states are localized or extended, homogeneous or oscillating. Combined states are observed as well, like the coexistence of moving localized clusters and clusters pinned at road inhomogeneities, or regions of oscillating congested traffic upstream of nearly homogeneous congested traffic. The experimental findings are consistent with a recently proposed theoretical phase diagram for traffic near on-ramps [D. Helbing, A. Hennecke, and M. Treiber, Phys. Rev. Lett. 82, 4360 (1999)]. We simulate these situations with a continuous microscopic single-lane model, the "intelligent driver model," using empirical boundary conditions. All observations, including the coexistence of states, are qualitatively reproduced by describing inhomogeneities with local variations of one model parameter. We show that the results of the microscopic model can be understood by formulating the theoretical phase diagram for bottlenecks in a more general way. In particular, a local drop of the road capacity induced by parameter variations has essentially the same effect as an on-ramp.

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Authors
Treiber, M., Hennecke, A., & Helbing, D.
Affiliations
University of Stuttgart (DE)
ORCID
Venue
Physical Review E
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
2000-08-01
Volume
62
Issue
2
Pages
1805-1824
ISSN
  • 1063-651X (ISSN-L)
  • 1095-3787
DOI
10.1103/physreve.62.1805
OpenAlex
W1965455100
Cited by
4,762
References
0
Citations by year
2026: 447 · 2025: 519 · 2024: 517 · 2023: 459 · 2022: 396 · 2021: 343 · 2020: 291 · 2019: 262 · 2018: 207 · 2017: 155 · 2016: 123 · 2015: 140 · 2014: 136 · 2013: 113 · 2012: 112
FWCI
58.76
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license (vor)
Locations
  • Physical review. E, Statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Funders
  • Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  • Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Control and Systems Engineering › Traffic control and management
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Ocean Engineering › Evacuation and Crowd Dynamics
  • Physical Sciences › Engineering › Building and Construction › Traffic Prediction and Management Techniques
Keywords
traffic congestion, intersections, phase diagram, Intelligent Driver Model, microscopic traffic simulation, on-ramps, road capacity, motorways

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