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Cited by 189Relativity and Gravitational TheoryCosmology and Gravitation TheoriesBlack Holes and Theoretical Physics

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 28 of the 28 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Pseudotensors and Quasilocal Energy-Momentum

Open access
Chang, Chia-Chen, Nester, James M., Chen, Chiang-Mei·1999·Physical Review Letters
DOI 10.1103/physrevlett.83.1897
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Abstract

Early energy-momentum investigations for gravitating systems gave reference-frame-dependent pseudotensors; later the quasilocal idea was developed. Quasilocal energy-momentum can be determined by the Hamiltonian boundary term, which also identifies the variables to be held fixed on the boundary. We show that a pseudotensor corresponds to a Hamiltonian boundary term. Hence, they are quasilocal and acceptable; each is the energy-momentum density for a definite physical situation with certain boundary conditions. These conditions are identified for well-known pseudotensors.

Overview

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Crossref · 10.1103/physrevlett.83.1897

Cites

28 of 28 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • There is some resistance to such claims, including new ideas for dealing with the two main problems, the non-uniqueness and coordinate dependence of pseudotensors; in both cases there is suggestion that multiplicity is a meaningful virtue rather than a defect.

    “There is some resistance to such claims, however, including new ideas for dealing with the two main problems, the non-uniqueness (Chang et al. 1999) and coordinate dependence (Pitts 2010) of pseudotensors; in both cases there is suggestion that multiplicity is a meaningful virtue rather than a defect.”

    From General Relativity, Mental Causation, and Energy Conservation (2022) · cites this paper as Chang et al. 1999

  • The quasi-local quantities can be obtained from the covariant Hamiltonian formalism of general relativity under certain assumptions.

    “These authors show that, under assumptions that I will discuss in Sections 5 and 6, this expression can be obtained from the covariant Hamiltonian formalism of general relativity.”

    From Noether's Theorems and Energy in General Relativity (2021) · cites this paper as Chang et al. (1999)

  • The understanding of the superpotential ambiguity as a boundary-term ambiguity agrees with results by Chang et al. (1999) in the Hamiltonian formalism.

    “(this then agrees with results by Chang et al. (1999: p. 1898) in the Hamiltonian formalism).”

    From Noether's Theorems and Energy in General Relativity (2021) · cites this paper as Chang et al. (1999: p. 1898)

Citations

Cites

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. A. Papapetrou, 1948, Proc. R. Ir. Acad. A, 52, 11
  2. C. W. Misner, 1973, Gravitation
  3. R. P. Wallner, 1980, Acta Phys. Austriaca, 52, 121

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Metadata

Authors
Chang, C.-C., Nester, J. M., & Chen, C.-M.
Affiliations
  • National Central University (TW)
  • Lomonosov Moscow State University (RU)
ORCID
Venue
Physical Review Letters
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Published
1999-09-06
Volume
83
Issue
10
Pages
1897-1901
ISSN
  • 0031-9007 (ISSN-L)
  • 1079-7114
DOI
10.1103/physrevlett.83.1897
OpenAlex
W2017768306
Cited by
189
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 4 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 7 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 10
FWCI
4.37
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
link.aps.org/licenses/aps-default-license (vor)
Locations
  • Physical Review Letters (publishedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
  • CERN Document Server (European Organization for Nuclear Research) (submittedVersion)
  • arXiv (Cornell University)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Relativity and Gravitational Theory
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Astronomy and Astrophysics › Cosmology and Gravitation Theories
  • Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Nuclear and High Energy Physics › Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Keywords
pseudotensors, energy-momentum density, boundary conditions, gravitational energy, reference frame dependence

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