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Sequences flanking the hexameric G-box core CACGTG affect the specificity of protein binding.
Open accessAbstract
The CACGTG G-box motif is a highly conserved DNA sequence that has been identified in the 5' upstream region of plant genes exhibiting regulation by a variety of environmental signals and physiological cues. Gel mobility shift assays using a panel of G-box oligonucleotides differing in their flanking sequences identified two types of binding activity (A and B) in a cauliflower nuclear extract. Competition gel retardation assays demonstrated that the two types of binding activity were distinct. Type A binding activity interacted with oligonucleotides designated as class I elements, whereas type B binding activity interacted strongly with class II elements and weakly with class I elements. A third class of elements, null elements, did not exhibit any detectable binding under our assay conditions. Gel retardation analysis of nonpalindromic hybrid G-box oligonucleotides indicated that hybrid elements of the same class exhibited binding affinity commensurate with the affinity of the weaker element, hybrid class I/II elements exhibited only type B binding, and hybrid class I/null and class II/null elements did not show any detectable binding activity. These binding activities can be explained by the affinity of bZip G-box binding homo- or heterodimer subunits for G-box half sites. These experiments led to a set of classification rules that can predict the binding activity of all reported plant G-box motifs containing the consensus hexameric core. Tissue- and/or development-specific expression of genes containing G-box motifs may be regulated by the affinity of G-box proteins for the different classes of G-box elements.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Williams, M. E., Foster, R., & Chua, N. H.
- Venue
- The Plant Cell
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Published
- 1992-04
- Volume
- 4
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 485-496
- ISSN
- 1040-4651 (ISSN-L)
- 1532-298X
- OpenAlex
- W2000683158
- Cited by
- 259
- References
- 39
- FWCI
- 40.28
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
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