Cited by 315Artificial Intelligence in EducationTechnology Adoption and User BehaviourAI in Service Interactions

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What drives students toward ChatGPT? An investigation of the factors influencing adoption and usage of ChatGPT

Tiwari, Chandan Kumar, Bhat, Mohd. Abass, Khan, Shagufta Tariq, Subramaniam, Rajaswaminathan, Khan, Mohammad Atif Irshad·2024·Interactive Technology and Smart Education

DOI 10.1108/itse-04-2023-0061

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Abstract

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the factors determining students’ attitude toward using newly emerged artificial intelligence (AI) tool, Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT), for educational and learning purpose based on technology acceptance model. Design/methodology/approach The recommended model was empirically tested with partial least squares structural equation modeling using 375 student survey responses. Findings The study revealed that students have a favorable view of the instructional use of ChatGPT. Usefulness, social presence and legitimacy of the tool, as well as enjoyment and motivation, contribute to a favorable attitude toward using this tool in a learning environment. However, perceived ease of use was not found to be a significant determinant in the adoption and utilization of ChatGPT by the students. Practical implications This research is intended to benefit enterprises, academic institutions and the global community by offering light on how students perceive the ChatGPT service in an educational setting. Furthermore, the application enhances confidence and interest among learners, leading to improved literacy and general awareness. Eventually, the outcome of this research will help AI developers to improve their product and service delivery, as well as benefit regulators in regulating the usage of AI-based bots. Originality/value Due to its novelty, the current research on AI-based ChatGPT usage in the education sector is rather restricted. This study provides the adoption aspects of ChatGPT, a new AI-based technology for students, thereby contributing significantly to the existing research on the adoption of advanced education technologies. In addition, the literature lacks research on the adoption of ChatGPT by students for educational purposes; this study addresses this gap by identifying adoption determinants of ChatGPT in education.

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See all 315

Authors: Tiwari, C. K., Bhat, M. A., Khan, S. T., Subramaniam, R., & Khan, M. A. I.
Affiliations: University of Technology and Applied Sciences, Muscat (OM)
German University of Technology (OM)
ORCID: Tiwari, Chandan Kumar
Bhat, Mohd. Abass
Venue: Interactive Technology and Smart Education
Publisher: Emerald
Published: 2023-08-29
Volume: 21
Issue: 3
Pages: 333-355
ISSN: 1741-5659 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1108/itse-04-2023-0061
OpenAlex: W4386178880
Cited by: 315
References: 109
Citations by year: 2026: 75 · 2025: 135 · 2024: 96 · 2023: 9
FWCI: 73.94
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.emerald.com/insight/site-policies (tdm)
Locations: Interactive Technology and Smart Education (publishedVersion)
Topics: Social Sciences › Education › Artificial Intelligence in Education
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Information Systems and Management › Technology Adoption and User Behaviour
Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Marketing › AI in Service Interactions
Keywords: ChatGPT, generative AI in education, student attitudes, technology acceptance, technology adoption, perceived usefulness, social presence, perceived legitimacy, enjoyment, motivation, perceived ease of use

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What drives students toward ChatGPT? An investigation of the factors influencing adoption and usage of ChatGPT

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