A Conversation on Artificial Intelligence, Chatbots, and Plagiarism in Higher Education
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Several authors have noted that ChatGPT tends to cite works that do not actually exist.
“Several authors have noted that ChatGPT tends to cite works that do not actually exist12,16–25”
From Fabrication and errors in the bibliographic citations generated by ChatGPT (2023) · cites this paper as [21]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredChatGPT has been listed as the first author of four papers.
“ChatGPT has been listed as the first author of four papers, (26, 40, 41, 42)”
From ChatGPT and the rise of large language models: the new AI-driven infodemic threat in public health (2023) · cites this paper as [40]
AI tools can aid the researcher in collecting relevant research articles, identifying knowledge gaps in the literature, formulating research questions, recommending appropriate statistical methods for the available data, creating a graphical representation of the data, and manuscript writing.
“AI tools can aid the researcher in collecting relevant research articles, identifying the knowledge gaps in the literature, formulating research questions, recommending appropriate statistical methods for the available data, creating a graphical representation of the data, and manuscript writing [32-35].”
From Artificial Intelligence Revolutionizing the Field of Medical Education (2023) · cites this paper as [33]
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Research works printed but not linked: 5
- [1]1. Ali, S., and M. Imran. Fighting plagiarism in higher education: a review of anti-plagiarism strategies. Int. J. Educ. Res. 4(3):91-100, 2016.
- [2]2. Bapna, R. The ethics of AI and chatbots: a frame- work for discussion. J. Bus. Ethics. 147(2):259-276, 2017.
- [3]3. Lee, K.-H., and J.-Y. Lin. The role of chatbots in higher education: opportunities and challenges. Educ. Technol. Soc. 20(1):70-79, 2017.
- [4]4. Mohit, M. Chatbots and AI: the future of com- munication? Commun. ACM. 60(1):55-57, 2017.
- [5]5. Ro¨mer, U. Plagiarism in the digital age: challenges and solutions. J. Educ. Learn. 4(4):62-68, 2015.
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“In this context, recent studies on ChatGPT also support our argument that although there are negative sides to adopting ChatGPT, it also presents educational opportunities which can be leveraged, for instance, to improve instruction delivery and learning (Kasneci et al., 2023; King & chatGPT, 2023).”
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“In a third example, a researcher presents the results of a conversation with ChatGPT around AI, chatbots using LLMs, and plagiarism in higher education [8].”
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“In fact, majority of the prior studies consist of theoretical discussions, commentaries, interviews, reviews, or editorials on the use of ChatGPT in academia (e.g., Cooper, 2023; Cotton et al., 2023; Dwivedi et al., 2023; King, 2023; Peters et al., 2023).”
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- Authors
- King, M. R., & chatGPT
- Affiliations
- Vanderbilt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- King, Michael R.
- ORCID
- King, Michael R.
- Venue
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering
- Published
- 2023-01-02
- Volume
- 16
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-2
- ISSN
- 1865-5025 (ISSN-L)
- 1865-5033
- PMC
- PMC9842816
- OpenAlex
- W4313479734
- Cited by
- 602
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 93 · 2024: 215 · 2023: 248 · 2022: 2
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Cellular and Molecular Bioengineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Academic integrity and plagiarism
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Information Systems › Artificial Intelligence in Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Health Informatics › Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education
- Keywords
- artificial intelligence, chatbots, plagiarism, academic integrity, higher education
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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