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A Survey of Data Mining and Machine Learning Methods for Cyber Security Intrusion Detection
Abstract
This survey paper describes a focused literature survey of machine learning (ML) and data mining (DM) methods for cyber analytics in support of intrusion detection. Short tutorial descriptions of each ML/DM method are provided. Based on the number of citations or the relevance of an emerging method, papers representing each method were identified, read, and summarized. Because data are so important in ML/DM approaches, some well-known cyber data sets used in ML/DM are described. The complexity of ML/DM algorithms is addressed, discussion of challenges for using ML/DM for cyber security is presented, and some recommendations on when to use a given method are provided.
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In the citing paper
“The C4.5 algorithm [200], the ID3 algorithm [199], and the CART algorithm [55] are among the well-known decision tree algorithms used for intrusion detection.”
From Comparative Analysis of Intrusion Detection Systems and Machine Learning Based Model Analysis through Decision Tree (2023) · cites this paper as [55]
In the citing paper
“Though there are various surveys on ML in networking [18,61,82,142,246,339], this survey is purposefully different.”
From A comprehensive survey on machine learning for networking: Evolution, applications and research opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [82]
In the citing paper
“Whereas, Fadlullah et al. [142] and Buczak et al. [82], both state-of-theart surveys, have a specialized treatment of ML to specific problems in networking.”
From A comprehensive survey on machine learning for networking: Evolution, applications and research opportunities (2018) · cites this paper as [82]
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Enterprise human resource management based on big data mining technology of internet of things
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How to Effectively Collect and Process Network Data for Intrusion Detection?
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Detection of Diseases Using Machine Learning Image Recognition Technology in Artificial Intelligence
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On the application of active learning for efficient and effective IoT botnet detection
Guerra-Manzanares, A., & Bahşi, H. (2022) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2022.10.024 · Cited by 22
Tokenized Markets Using Blockchain Technology: Exploring Recent Developments and Opportunities
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“These are just a few examples of commonly used ML algorithms in cybersecurity, as documented by research surveys [29,30].”
BackgroundMethodRobust genetic machine learning ensemble model for intrusion detection in network traffic
Akhtar, M. A., Qadri, S. M. O., Siddiqui, M. A., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-43816-1 · Cited by 22
Adversarial robustness of deep reinforcement learning-based intrusion detection
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Network Traffic Classification Techniques-A Review
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Unsw-Nb15 Dataset and Machine Learning Based Intrusion Detection Systems
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User Behaviour based Insider Threat Detection in Critical Infrastructures
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Generative AI in Intrusion Detection Systems for Internet of Things: A Systematic Literature Review
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Enhanced Intrusion Detection for IoT Networks Using Machine Learning Approach
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A Self Healing Microservices Architecture: A Case Study in Docker Swarm Cluster
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A Frontier: Dependable, Reliable and Secure Machine Learning for Network/System Management
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A machine learning based golden-free detection method for command-activated hardware Trojan
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Intrusion detection systems for IoT: Opportunities and challenges offered by edge computing
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Diabetes Risk Data Mining Method Based on Electronic Medical Record Analysis
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MethodRetractedSpiking Neural Networks with Single-Spike Temporal-Coded Neurons for Network Intrusion Detection
Zhou, S., & Li, X. (2021) · Proceedings - International Conference on Pattern Recognition/Proceedings/International Conference on Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/icpr48806.2021.9412580 · Cited by 22
DDOS Detection on Internet of Things Using Unsupervised Algorithms
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Blockchain-based synergistic solution to current cybersecurity frameworks
Yadav, S. K., Sharma, K., Kumar, C., & Arora, A. (2021) · Multimedia Tools and Applications · doi:10.1007/s11042-021-11465-z · Cited by 21
“Another research paper provides the literature survey of data mining and machine learning techniques for cybersecurity intrusion detection [7].”
BackgroundA Review on Machine Learning based Security Approaches in Intrusion Detection System
Suthishni, D. N. P., & Kumar, K. S. S. (2022) · International Conference on Computing for Sustainable Global Development · doi:10.23919/indiacom54597.2022.9763261 · Cited by 21
CUPID: A labeled dataset with Pentesting for evaluation of network intrusion detection
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An Efficient Intrusion Detection Model Based on Convolutional Neural Network and Transformer
Zhang, Z.-Y., & Wang, L. (2022) · International Conference on Advanced Cloud and Big Data · doi:10.1109/cbd54617.2021.00050 · Cited by 14
Bio-inspired Hybrid Feature Selection Model for Intrusion Detection
Mohammad, A. H., Alwada’n, T., Almomani, O., Smadi, S., & El-Omari, N. K. T. (2022) · Computers, materials & continua/Computers, materials & continua (Print) · doi:10.32604/cmc.2022.027475 · Cited by 29
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PassFlow: Guessing Passwords with Generative Flows
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BackgroundHeterogeneous Ensemble Feature Selection for Network Intrusion Detection System
Damtew, Y. G., Chen, H., & Zhong, Y. (2023) · International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems · doi:10.1007/s44196-022-00174-6 · Cited by 21
Event-Based Fault Detection for Networked Switched Systems Subject to Hybrid Attacks
Zhang, Z., Liu, J., Zhang, S., et al. (2024) · IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering · doi:10.1109/tnse.2024.3354913 · Cited by 21
Security Enrichment in Intrusion Detection System Using Classifier Ensemble
Salunkhe, U. R., & Mali, S. N. (2017) · Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering · doi:10.1155/2017/1794849 · Cited by 21
“Hybrid IDSmakes combined use of signature based and anomaly based ones in order to gain advantages of both [4].”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialA Toolset for Intrusion and Insider Threat Detection
Ring, M., Wunderlich, S., Grüdl, D., Landes, D., & Andreas Hotho, A. (2017) · Data analytics · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-59439-2_1 · Cited by 21
“A recent survey of data mining and machine learning methods for cyber security intrusion detection is published by [4].”
BackgroundA Survey on Cyber Security Threats and Challenges in Modern Society
Sajal, S., Jahan, I., & Nygard, K. E. (2019) · IEEE International Conference on Electro Information Technology · doi:10.1109/eit.2019.8833829 · Cited by 21
Nõmm, S., Guerra-Manzanares, A., & Bahşi, H. (2019) · International Conference on Machine Learning and Applications · doi:10.1109/icmla.2019.00193 · Cited by 20
Using Machine Learning to Build a Classification Model for IoT Networks to Detect Attack Signatures
Al-Akhras, M., Alawairdhi, M., Alkoudari, A., et al. (2020) · International journal of Computer Networks & Communications · doi:10.5121/ijcnc.2020.12607 · Cited by 21
Siddique, K., Akhtar, Z., Lee, H.-G., Kim, W., & Kim, Y. (2017) · Symmetry · doi:10.3390/sym9090197 · Cited by 21
Efficient Deep Learning-Based Cyber-Attack Detection for Internet of Medical Things Devices
Judith, A., Kathrine, G. J. W., Silas, S., & J, A. (2023) · RAiSE-2023 · doi:10.3390/engproc2023059139 · Cited by 21
Metadata
- Authors
- Buczak, A. L., & Guven, E.
- Affiliations
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- ORCID
- Buczak, Anna L.
- Venue
- IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials
- Published
- 2016
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 1153-1176
- ISSN
- 1553-877X (ISSN-L)
- 2373-745X
- OpenAlex
- W2342408547
- Semantic Scholar
- 971766088dfaf63fb55e6f0190b14f28f2c98ad0
- Cited by
- 3,332
- References
- 119
- Citations by year
- 2026: 460 · 2025: 395 · 2024: 297 · 2023: 319 · 2022: 403 · 2021: 447 · 2020: 394 · 2019: 314 · 2018: 217 · 2017: 73 · 2016: 11
- FWCI
- 115.39
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Department of Homeland Security Network Security Deployment Division (HSSA01-13-C-2709)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Networks and Communications › Network Security and Intrusion Detection
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Hardware and Architecture › Network Packet Processing and Optimization
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Artificial Immune Systems Applications
- Keywords
- intrusion detection, cybersecurity, machine learning, data mining, algorithmic complexity
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