Cited by 852Sentiment Analysis and Opinion MiningEmotion and Mood RecognitionHate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection

Multimodal Sentiment Intensity Analysis in Videos: Facial Gestures and Verbal Messages

Zadeh, Amir, Zellers, Rowan, Pincus, Eli, Morency, Louis-Philippe·2016·IEEE Intelligent Systems

Abstract

People share their opinions, stories, and reviews through online video sharing websites every day. The automatic analysis of these online opinion videos is bringing new or understudied research challenges to the field of computational linguistics and multimodal analysis. Among these challenges is the fundamental question of exploiting the dynamics between visual gestures and verbal messages to be able to better model sentiment. This article addresses this question in four ways: introducing the first multimodal dataset with opinion-level sentiment intensity annotations; studying the prototypical interaction patterns between facial gestures and spoken words when inferring sentiment intensity; proposing a new computational representation, called multimodal dictionary, based on a language-gesture study; and evaluating the authors' proposed approach in a speaker-independent paradigm for sentiment intensity prediction. The authors' study identifies four interaction types between facial gestures and verbal content: neutral, emphasizer, positive, and negative interactions. Experiments show statistically significant improvement when using multimodal dictionary representation over the conventional early fusion representation (that is, feature concatenation).

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1109/mis.2016.94

Cites

13 of 13 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

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  • CMU-MOSI includes 93 randomly selected videos from YouTube, involving 89 different speakers-41 females and 48 males.

    “The dataset includes 93 randomly selected videos from YouTube, involving 89 different speakers—41 females and 48 males.”
  • CMU-MOSI videos are segmented into 2199 clips, each rated on an emotional polarity scale from +3 to −3.

    “The videos are segmented into 2199 clips, each rated on an emotional polarity scale, from +3 (signifying strongly positive sentiment) to −3 (signifying strongly negative sentiment).”
  • CMU-MOSI dataset was introduced by Zadeh et al. in 2016.

    “The Multimodal Opinion-level Sentiment Intensity (CMU-MOSI) dataset, introduced by Zadeh et al. in 2016 [28], marks a significant milestone in multimodal sentiment analysis databases due to its unique characteristic of incorporating subjective sentiment and emotional intensity annotations.”
  • Zadeh et al. proposed a new computational representation called multimodal dictionary based on a language-gesture study and evaluated it in a speaker-independent model for sentiment intensity prediction.

    “They proposed a new computational representation, called multimodal dictionary, based on a language-gesture study and evaluated the proposed approach in a speaker-independent model for sentiment intensity prediction [6].”
  • Zadeh et al. introduced the first multimodal dataset (MOSI) with opinion-level sentiment intensity annotations.

    “Zadeh et al. introduced the first multimodal dataset (MOSI) with opinion-level sentiment intensity annotations and studying the prototypical interaction patterns between facial gestures and spoken words when inferring sentiment intensity.”

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Authors
Zadeh, A., Zellers, R., Pincus, E., & Morency, L.-P.
Affiliations
  • Carnegie Mellon University (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Southern California (US)
Venue
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Published
2016-11
Volume
31
Issue
6
Pages
82-88
ISSN
1541-1672 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2556418146
Cited by
852
References
13
Citations by year
2026: 174 · 2025: 186 · 2024: 133 · 2023: 93 · 2022: 86 · 2021: 42 · 2020: 43 · 2019: 44 · 2018: 32 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 2
FWCI
26.08
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
IEEE Intelligent Systems (publishedVersion)
Funders
National Science Foundation
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Sentiment Analysis and Opinion Mining
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Emotion and Mood Recognition
  • Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
Keywords
sentiment intensity, facial gestures, verbal messages, multimodal dataset, feature-level fusion, online video sharing

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