The DOI matches its Crossref record; 25 of the 27 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Multichannel Reflective PPG Earpiece Sensor With Passive Motion Cancellation
Abstract
This paper addresses the design considerations of a novel earpiece photoplethymograph (PPG) sensor and its in-situ evaluation results. The device is encapsulated with multiple LEDs and photodiodes based on a reflective PPG design. A compact and low power circuitry was developed for signal control and conditioning. PPG signals with an averaged ac/dc ratio of 0.001-0.01 and 10% relative strength (compared to finger-based approach) were recorded from the superior and posterior auricular skins. The integrity of PPG signal and accuracy of heart rate detection were evaluated and the results showed that with adequate optical shielding and the proposed passive motion cancellation, the device was able to reliably detect heart rate both during rest and moderate exercise. The proposed sensor design is low power, easy to wear compared to conventional earlobe PPG devices.
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“This method was found to be effective in shielding from noise due to ambient light, as the DC level of the PPG signal was considerably low (measured to be less than 2 nA) when the LEDs were switched off.”
From Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring (2021) · cites this paper as [200]
Citations
Cites
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Exercise and Sports Cardiology
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Exercise and Sports Cardiology
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Celka, Motion resistant earphone located infrared based heart rate measurement device, 582
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Wearable photoplethysmographic sensors—past and present
Tamura, T., Maeda, Y., Sekine, M., & Yoshida, M. (2014) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics3020282 · Cited by 912
“01 and 10% relative strength compared with the finger-based approach were recorded from superior and posterior auricular skin [25].”
BackgroundResultUnobtrusive Sensing and Wearable Devices for Health Informatics
Zheng, Y.-L., Ding, X., Poon, C. C. Y., Lo, B. P. L., Zhang, H., Zhou, X.-L., Yang, G., Zhao, N., & Zhang, Y. (2014) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2014.2309951 · Cited by 725
Photoplethysmography Revisited: From Contact to Noncontact, From Point to Imaging
Sun, Y., & Thakor, N. V. (2015) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering · doi:10.1109/tbme.2015.2476337 · Cited by 589
Bonato, P. (2010) · IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine · doi:10.1109/memb.2010.936554 · Cited by 423
Sources of inaccuracy in photoplethysmography for continuous cardiovascular monitoring
Fine, J., Branan, K. L., Rodriguez, A. J., Boonya-ananta, T., Ajmal, Ramella-Roman, J. C., McShane, M. J., & Coté, G. L. (2021) · Biosensors · doi:10.3390/bios11040126 · Cited by 348
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, L., Lo, B. P., & Yang, G.-Z.
- Affiliations
- Imperial College London (GB)
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems
- Published
- 2007-12
- Volume
- 1
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 235-241
- ISSN
- 1932-4545 (ISSN-L)
- 1940-9990
- OpenAlex
- W2109125512
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 5 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.30
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/E044298/1, EP/C547586/1)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Non-Invasive Vital Sign Monitoring
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Heart Rate Variability and Autonomic Control
- Physical Sciences › Engineering › Biomedical Engineering › Advanced Sensor and Energy Harvesting Materials
- Keywords
- photoplethysmography, heartbeat detection, optical shielding, exercise monitoring
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