The DOI matches its Crossref record.
Relations Between the Timing of the Second Heart Sound and Aortic Blood Pressure
Abstract
The second heart sound (S2) is triggered by an aortic valve closure as a result of the ventricular-arterial interaction of the cardiovascular system. The objective of this paper is to investigate the timing of S2 in response to the changes in hemodynamic parameters and its relation to aortic blood pressure (BP). An improved model of the left ventricular-arterial interaction was proposed based on the combination of the newly established pressure source model of the ventricle and the nonlinear pressure-dependent compliance model of the arterial system. The time delay from the onset of left ventricular pressure rise to the onset of S2 (RS2) was used to measure the timing of S2. The results revealed that RS2 bears a strong negative correlation with both systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure under the effect of changing peripheral resistance, heart rate, and contractility. The results were further validated by a series of measurements of 16 normal subjects submitted to dynamic exercise. This study helps understand the relationship between the timing of S2 and aortic BP under various physiological and pathological conditions.
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Zhang's paper found strong correlations between individual blood pressure and the duration of systole in 16 subjects using a custom stethoscope for both ECG and PCG.
“In addition, strong correlations between the individual BP and the duration of systole in 16 subjects were found using a custom stethoscope for both ECG and PCG, according to Zhang's paper.47”
From A Chest‐Laminated Ultrathin and Stretchable E‐Tattoo for the Measurement of Electrocardiogram, Seismocardiogram, and Cardiac Time Intervals (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
Quite a few papers have mentioned the correlation between STI and blood pressure.
“So far, quite a few papers have mentioned the correlation between the STI and BP.13, 46, 47, 48, 49”
From A Chest‐Laminated Ultrathin and Stretchable E‐Tattoo for the Measurement of Electrocardiogram, Seismocardiogram, and Cardiac Time Intervals (2019) · cites this paper as [47]
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Cited by
Sorted by citations
Ha, T., Tran, J., Liu, S., Jang, H., Jeong, H., Mitbander, R., Huh, H., Qiu, Y., Duong, J., Wang, R. L., et al. (2019) · Advanced Science · doi:10.1002/advs.201900290 · Cited by 220
A non-invasive approach to investigation of ventricular blood pressure using cardiac sound features
Tang, H., Zhang, J., Chen, H., Mondal, A., & Park, Y. (2017) · Physiological Measurement · doi:10.1088/1361-6579/aa552a · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhang, X.-Y., MacPherson, E., & Zhang, Y.-T.
- Affiliations
- Chinese University of Hong Kong (HK)
- ORCID
- Yuan-Ting Zhang
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering
- Published
- 2008-04
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 1291-1297
- ISSN
- 0018-9294 (ISSN-L)
- 1558-2531
- OpenAlex
- W2153141680
- Cited by
- 26
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2020: 2 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2015: 3 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Shenzhen University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Health and Disease Prevention
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine › Phonocardiography and Auscultation Techniques
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Function and Risk Factors
- Keywords
- second heart sound, aortic pressure, aortic valve closure, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, systemic vascular resistance, heart rate, ventricular contractility, physical activity
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aorta, Blood Pressure, Computer Simulation, Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted, Heart Sounds, Humans, Male, Models, Cardiovascular, Myocardial Contraction, Sensitivity and Specificity, Statistics as Topic, Reproducibility of Results, Ventricular Function, Left
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