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Design and analysis of an adaptive transcutaneous power telemetry for biomedical implants
Abstract
Inductively coupled coil pair is the most common way of wirelessly transferring power to medical implants. However, the coil displacements and/or loading changes may induce large fluctuations in transmitted power into the implant if no adaptive control is used. In such cases, it is required to transmit excessive power to accommodate all the working conditions, which substantially reduces the power efficiency and imposes potential safety concerns. We have implemented a power transfer system with adaptive control technique to eliminate the power variations due to the loading or coupling coefficient changes. A maximum of 250mW power is transmitted through an optimized coil pair driven by Class-E power amplifier. Load shift keying is implemented to wirelessly transfer data back from the secondary to primary side over the same coil pair, with data rate of 3.3 kbps and packet error rate less than 10/sup -5/. A pseudo pulsewidth modulation has been designed to facilitate back data transmission along with forward power transmission. Through this back telemetry the system transmits the information on received power, back from implant to primary side. According to the data received, the system adjusts the supply voltage of the Class-E power amplifier through a digitally controlled dc-dc converter, thus varying the power sent to the implant. The key system parameters are optimized to ensure the stability of the closed-loop system. Measurements show that the system can transmit the 'just-needed' power for a wide range of coil separation and/or loading conditions, with power efficiency doubled when compared to the uncompensated link.
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Citations
Cited by
Power Approaches for Implantable Medical Devices
Amar, A., Kouki, A., & Cao, H. (2015) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s151128889 · Cited by 432
A Unity-Power-Factor IPT Pickup for High-Power Applications
Keeling, N. A., Covic, G. A., & Boys, J. T. (2010) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2009.2027255 · Cited by 371
Wireless power transfer techniques for implantable medical devices: a review
Khan, S. R., Pavuluri, S. K., Cummins, G., & Desmulliez, M. P. Y. (2020) · Sensors · doi:10.3390/s20123487 · Cited by 355
A Figure-of-Merit for Designing High-Performance Inductive Power Transmission Links
Kiani, M., & Ghovanloo, M. (2013) · IEEE Transactions on Industrial Electronics · doi:10.1109/tie.2012.2227914 · Cited by 146
Lee, S.-Y., Su, M. Y., Liang, M.-C., Chen, Y.-Y., Hsieh, C.-H., Yang, C.-M., Lai, H.-Y., Lin, J.-W., & Fang, Q. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems · doi:10.1109/tbcas.2011.2177661 · Cited by 102
Metadata
- Authors
- Wang, G., Liu, W., Sivaprakasam, M., & Kendir, G. A.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers
- Published
- 2005-10
- Volume
- 52
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 2109-2117
- ISSN
- 1057-7122 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2011569536
- Cited by
- 435
- References
- 0
- FWCI
- 11.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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- Wang, G., Liu, W., Sivaprakasam, M., & Kendir, G. A. (2005). Design and analysis of an adaptive transcutaneous power telemetry for biomedical implants. IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers. https://doi.org/10.1109/tcsi.2005.852923
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