The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Tracking multiple humans in complex situations
Abstract
Tracking multiple humans in complex situations is challenging. The difficulties are tackled with appropriate knowledge in the form of various models in our approach. Human motion is decomposed into its global motion and limb motion. In the first part, we show how multiple human objects are segmented and their global motions are tracked in 3D using ellipsoid human shape models. Experiments show that it successfully applies to the cases where a small number of people move together, have occlusion, and cast shadow or reflection. In the second part, we estimate the modes (e.g., walking, running, standing) of the locomotion and 3D body postures by making inference in a prior locomotion model. Camera model and ground plane assumptions provide geometric constraints in both parts. Robust results are shown on some difficult sequences.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A New Approach to Linear Filtering and Prediction Problems
Kalman, R. E. (1960) · Journal of Basic Engineering · doi:10.1115/1.3662552 · Cited by 31,751
A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition
Rabiner, L. R. (1989) · Proceedings of the IEEE · doi:10.1109/5.18626 · Cited by 22,743
A Mathematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation
Murray, R. M., Li, Z., & Sastry, S. S. (2017) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781315136370 · Cited by 6,694
CONDENSATION—Conditional Density Propagation for Visual Tracking
Isard, M., & Blake, A. (1998) · International Journal of Computer Vision · doi:10.1023/a:1008078328650 · Cited by 4,886
Pfinder: real-time tracking of the human body
Wren, C. R., Azarbayejani, A., Darrell, T., & Pentland, A. P. (1997) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.598236 · Cited by 4,169
The Handbook of brain theory and neural networks
(1996) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.33-4484 · Cited by 3,870
Computer Vision: A Modern Approach
Forsyth, D. A., & Ponce, J. (2002) · Cited by 3,739
Learning patterns of activity using real-time tracking
Stauffer, C., & Grimson, W. E. L. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.868677 · Cited by 3,248
The recognition of human movement using temporal templates
Bobick, A. F., & Davis, J. W. (2001) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.910878 · Cited by 2,811
A Mathmematical Introduction to Robotic Manipulation
Murray, R. M., Li, Z., & Sastry, S. (1994) · Cited by 2,676
W/sup 4/: real-time surveillance of people and their activities
Haritaoglu, I., Harwood, D., & Davis, L. S. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.868683 · Cited by 2,523
A Survey of Computer Vision-Based Human Motion Capture
Moeslund, T. B., & Granum, E. (2001) · Computer Vision and Image Understanding · doi:10.1006/cviu.2000.0897 · Cited by 1,768
Recognizing action at a distance
Efros, Berg, Mori, & Malik (2003) · Proceedings Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision · doi:10.1109/iccv.2003.1238420 · Cited by 1,241
Moving target classification and tracking from real-time video
Lipton, A. J., Fujiyoshi, H., & Patil, R. S. (2002) · Proceedings Fourth IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision. WACV'98 (Cat. No.98EX201) · doi:10.1109/acv.1998.732851 · Cited by 1,108
Multiple view geometry in computer visiond
Hartley, R. I., & Zisserman, A. (2001) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · Cited by 883
Stochastic Tracking of 3D Human Figures Using 2D Image Motion
Sidenbladh, H., Black, M. J., & Fleet, D. J. (2000) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/3-540-45053-x_45 · Cited by 700
Robust real-time periodic motion detection, analysis, and applications
Cutler, R., & Davis, L. S. (2000) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.868681 · Cited by 696
McKenna, S. J., Jabri, S., Duric, Z., Rosenfeld, A., & Wechsler, H. (2000) · Computer Vision and Image Understanding · doi:10.1006/cviu.2000.0870 · Cited by 660
BraMBLe: a Bayesian multiple-blob tracker
Isard, M., & MacCormick, J. (2002) · Proceedings Eighth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. ICCV 2001 · doi:10.1109/iccv.2001.937594 · Cited by 628
Learning and recognizing human dynamics in video sequences
Bregler, C. (2002) · Proceedings of IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1109/cvpr.1997.609382 · Cited by 621
Towards Model-Based Recognition of Human Movements in Image Sequences
Rohr, K. (1994) · CVGIP: Image Understanding · doi:10.1006/ciun.1994.1006 · Cited by 384
Estimating Human Body Configurations Using Shape Context Matching
Mori, G., & Malik, J. (2002) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/3-540-47977-5_44 · Cited by 353
Object tracking with Bayesian estimation of dynamic layer representations
Tao, H., Sawhney, H. S., & Kumar, R. (2002) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/34.982885 · Cited by 295
Creating Architectural Models from Images
Liebowitz, D., Criminisi, A., & Zisserman, A. (1999) · Computer Graphics Forum · doi:10.1111/1467-8659.00326 · Cited by 266
W4S: A real-time system for detecting and tracking people in 2 1/2D
Haritaoglu, I., Harwood, D., & Davis, L. S. (1998) · Lecture Notes in Computer Science · doi:10.1007/bfb0055710 · Cited by 256
Detecting and tracking moving objects for video surveillance
Cohen, I., & Medioni, G. (2003) · Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.1999.784651 · Cited by 212
Brand, M. (1999) · Proceedings of the Seventh IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision · doi:10.1109/iccv.1999.790422 · Cited by 202
The gait identification challenge problem: data sets and baseline algorithm
Phillips, P. J., Sarkar, S., Robledo, I., Grother, P., & Bowyer, K. (2003) · Object recognition supported by user interaction for service robots · doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1044731 · Cited by 200
3D trajectory recovery for tracking multiple objects and trajectory guided recognition of actions
Rosales, R., & Sclaroff, S. (2003) · Proceedings. 1999 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (Cat. No PR00149) · doi:10.1109/cvpr.1999.784618 · Cited by 172
A Sampling Algorithm for Tracking Multiple Objects
Hai, T., Sawhney, H., & Kumar, R. (2000) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/3-540-44480-7_4 · Cited by 105
W/sup 4/: A Real Time System for Detecting and Tracking People
Haritaoğlu, I., Harwood, D., & Davis, L. S. (2005) · IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings - IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition/Proceedings · doi:10.1109/cvpr.1998.698720 · Cited by 68
3D tracking of human locomotion: a tracking as recognition approach
Zhao, T., & Nevatia, R. (2003) · doi:10.1109/icpr.2002.1044790 · Cited by 34
Self-citationLearning Deformable Models for Tracking the Human Body
Baumberg, A., & Hogg, D. (1997) · Computational imaging and vision · doi:10.1007/978-94-015-8935-2_3 · Cited by 28
Cited by
Monocular Pedestrian Detection: Survey and Experiments
Enzweiler, M., & Gavrila, D. M. (2009) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2008.260 · Cited by 1,213
Online Multiperson Tracking-by-Detection from a Single, Uncalibrated Camera
Breitenstein, M. D., Reichlin, F., Leibe, B., Koller-Meier, E., & Van Gool, L. (2011) · IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence · doi:10.1109/tpami.2010.232 · Cited by 579
Video object tracking using adaptive Kalman filter
Weng, S.-K., Kuo, C.-M., & Tu, S.-K. (2006) · Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation · doi:10.1016/j.jvcir.2006.03.004 · Cited by 323
A daily behavior enabled hidden Markov model for human behavior understanding
Chung, P.-C., & Liu, C.-D. (2008) · Pattern Recognition · doi:10.1016/j.patcog.2007.10.022 · Cited by 130
The Behavioral Space of Zebrafish Locomotion and Its Neural Network Analog
Girdhar, K., Gruebele, M., & Chemla, Y. R. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0128668 · Cited by 60
“With the advent of faster speed in computers, we can now automatically track animals or humans and measure the behavioral phenotypes of flies [2], worms [10], ants [11], humans [12] etc.”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Zhao, T., & Nevatia, R.
- Venue
- IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
- Published
- 2004-09
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 9
- Pages
- 1208-1221
- ISSN
- 0162-8828 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2122190623
- Cited by
- 490
- References
- 33
- FWCI
- 34.64
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.