The DOI matches its OpenAlex record; 92 of the 92 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Gender and Emotion: Beyond Stereotypes
Abstract
Stereotypes about gender and emotional expression tend to be imprecise and misleading. They fail to acknowledge situational, individual, and cultural variations in males' and females' emotional expressiveness. They also tend to generalize across emotional intensity and frequency, as well as across different modalities of emotional expression, e.g. verbal vs. behavioral modalities. Moreover, they tend to exaggerate the extent of gender differences in emotional expression. I argue that when gender differences in emotional expression do occur, they can be traced to social processes such as dissimilar gender roles, status and power imbalances, and differing socialization histories of males and females. These processes may predispose some males and females to express emotions differently in some cultures and in some contexts. To support this argument, I present data from two studies, one showing that the amount of time fathers spend with their children relates to the gender stereotypic nature of their children's emotional expressiveness; and the other showing that gender differences in emotional expressiveness are culturally specific in a sample of Asian international, Asian-American, and European-American college students. Finally, I note the potentially destructive limitations imposed by stereotypes on males' and females' interpersonal functioning as well as on their mental and physical health.
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Cites
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Cited by
Gender differences in temperament: A meta-analysis.
Else-Quest, N. M., Hyde, J. S., Goldsmith, H. H., & Van Hulle, C. A. (2006) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.1.33 · Cited by 1,169
Gender Differences in Emotion Regulation: An fMRI Study of Cognitive Reappraisal
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Simon, R. W., & Nath, L. E. (2004) · American Journal of Sociology · doi:10.1086/382111 · Cited by 663
The contingent smile: A meta-analysis of sex differences in smiling.
LaFrance, M., Hecht, M. A., & Paluck, E. L. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.305 · Cited by 514
Gratitude and subjective well‐being in early adolescence: Examining gender differences
Froh, J. J., Yurkewicz, C., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009) · Journal of Adolescence · doi:10.1016/j.adolescence.2008.06.006 · Cited by 494
Metadata
- Authors
- Brody, L. R.
- Venue
- Journal of Social Issues
- Publisher
- Wiley
- Published
- 1997-01-01
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 369-393
- ISSN
- 0022-4537 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2079729213
- Cited by
- 296
- References
- 92
- FWCI
- 11.00
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
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Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
